壳聚糖-Fe304超顺磁微球固定脂肪酶催化拆分（R，S）．1．苯乙醇

为将脂肪酶固定化,以提高酶的稳定性、使酶可以重复利用和降低生产成本,采用化学共沉淀法制备Fe,0。,以透射电镜、x-射线粉末衍射和红外光谱对所得产品进行表征,并且采用硅烷．戊二醛偶联法和壳聚糖包埋法分别将脂肪酶固定于磁球表面,再以生物拆分（R,s）一1一苯乙醇为模型考察了各种因素对转酯反应的影响。结果表明：化学共沉淀法制备Fe304为粒径小于20nm的磁性纳米粒子;壳聚糖包埋法操作简单、酶载量大;扫描电镜分析揭示固定酶的磁球表面含有大量微孔结构。在最佳条件下,1一苯乙醇的转化率达44．3％,对映体过量值eep为99％,酶的半衰期为121h。反应完成后,施加外磁场可使酶与反应体系迅速分离,固定化酶重复使用11次酶的活性没有明显减少,说明壳聚糖一Fe3O4超顺磁微球固定脂肪酶具有高的活性和稳定性。     

漆酶/脂肪酶催化制备丝裂霉素类似物及其响应面法优化

丝裂霉素及其类似物,广泛应用于各种肿瘤.为了获得优异的产率和环境友好性,采用一锅法工艺,以漆酶/脂肪酶为催化剂,催化2-甲基苯-1,4-二酚与正丁胺的多米诺反应制备丝裂霉素类似物2-丁胺-3-甲基-1,4-苯醌(c).采用响应面技术优化了反应条件:2-甲基苯-1,4-二酚与胺的物质的量比为1.16∶1、漆酶与脂肪酶的活性比为1.14∶2、反应温度为38.9 ℃,最佳产率达到87.17%.建立了产率模型,该模型考虑了2-甲基苯-1,4-二酚与胺的物质的量比、漆酶与脂肪酶活性比和反应温度对产率的影响,可以准确的预测产率(R²为0.994 1).漆酶/脂肪酶协同催化体系一锅法合成丝裂霉素类似物,显著提高了产率,可作为提高丝裂霉素类似物产率的绿色替代工艺.     

Study on the Characterization and Kinetics of Immobilized Lipase

1 Rusults Most enzymes, including lipase, play a key role in biotechnology, but their usage is quite limited because of poor recovery, yield, limited re-usability and rapid inactivation in the soluble state. Immobilization enzymes offer advantages over free enzymes because of the availability of a choice of batch or continuous processes, rapid termination of reactions, controlled product formation, ease of enzyme removal from the reaction mixture, and adaptability to various engineering designs.In this ...     

Marked elevation of HDL-cholesterol in cold-adapted golden hamsters

Summary Golden hamsters with spontaneous hypercholesterolemia at 22°C developed a further increase in plasma cholesterol when they were maintained at 6°C. This hypercholesterolemia was associated with a redistribution of plasma cholesterol between VLDL and HDL. Plasma cholesterol transported in the VLDL decreased while cholesterol in the HDL increased by 45%. The LDL profile was not significantly modified.     

Protein flexibility: its role in structure and mechanism revealed by molecular simulations

Computer simulations at the atomic level have arrived at a stage where they provide realistic modeling of flexibility in proteins (and the mobility of their associated solvent) that is important in understanding the nature of molecular motions. This can now be extended to the molecular and atomic motions that are associated with protein mechanisms. Moreover, the derived data agree reasonably accurately with experimental measurements of several kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Fundamental insights emerge on the roles that this intrinsic flexibility plays in the thermodynamic characteristics of macromolecules in solution; these equip the investigator to probe the consequences of cognate interactions and ligand binding on entropy and enthalpy. Thus simulations can now provide a powerful tool for investigating protein mechanisms that complements the existing and the emerging experimental techniques. Received 29 May 2005; received after revision 23 August 2005; accepted 21 October 2005     

酶对DTP及PET纤维的降解性能探讨

采用对苯二甲酸二乙酯作为PET的模拟物，选用4种脂肪酶对DTP和PET纤维的降解性能进行了研究。实验采用碱滴定、紫外分光光度计以及高效液相色谱法进行测试。对DTP降解液的pH值变化以及酶对DTP的降解率随时间的变化情况进行了分析。虽然酶对PET纤维的降解率很低，但通过SEN(电子扫描显微镜)和HPLC观察显示，纤堆表面仍然有被刻蚀的痕迹存在。     

α-亚麻酸特异性脂肪酶产生菌的复合诱变研究

将前期实验中经筛选、紫外诱变获得的α-亚麻酸特异性脂肪酶产生菌为诱变出发菌,通过紫外线、硫酸乙二酯和氯化锂的物理—化学复合诱变处理,经平板筛选和摇瓶发酵及发酵液中脂肪酶活性的测定,分离出具有产生更高活力α-亚麻酸特异性脂肪酶的菌株,测试结果显示,其酶活较单一紫外诱变菌种提高了31%.     

响应面法优化醋酸钙不动杆菌菌株23的脂肪酶产酶条件

采用响应面法对醋酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)菌株23的发酵产脂肪酶培养基进行优化实验。实验首先考察该菌株产酶所需的最适碳源和氮源,然后用Plackett-Burman法设计实验确定影响产酶的主要影响因素,用最陡爬坡实验逼近最大响应区域,最后通过Box-Behnken方法进行二次回归分析得到最佳的产酶条件为:营养肉汤18.4%、蛋白胨9.18%、吐温800.52%、K2HPO40.2%,橄榄油1%,MgSO40.05%,CaCl20.05%,FeSO40.1%。在该优化条件下,发酵液的脂肪酶活力可以达到15.2U/ml,比优化前提高3倍。     

固定化脂肪酶催化棉籽油合成生物柴油

对比多种载体固定化脂肪酶的吸附效果,确定了以大孔吸附树脂D101为载体,采用先吸附后交联的方法固定脂肪酶。固定化后脂肪酶的稳定性得到较明显改善,最适反应温度50℃,最适反应pH值为8。确定了固定化脂肪酶催化棉籽油与甲醇转酯化反应合成生物柴油工艺条件,醇油比3∶1,含水量1.25%(V/V),加入质量比(酶量与固定化载体)0.48的固定化酶,反应介质辛烷,在40℃反应24h催化生物柴油的合成,最高转化率可达到65%。     

脂肪酶对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响研究

选择30头三元杂交（杜×长×皮）健康仔猪,按体重和性别随机分3组,每组10头仔猪,公母各半,正试期为30 d .试验饲粮分别为：对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组分别在基础日粮中添加0．02％和0．03％的脂肪酶.结果表明：与对照组相比,试验1组、试验2组仔猪末体重分别提高8．53％（p＜0．05）、6．73％（p＜0．05）,平均日增重分别提高了14．17％（p＜0．05）、12．67％（p＜0．05）;试验1组、试验2组料肉比分别降低了15．66％、13．25％.与对照组相比,试验1组、试验2组腹泻率分别降低10％和30％,而每头仔猪经济效益分别提升为39．17元、33．65元.