基于表达谱分析筛选肾母细胞瘤关键基因

为探究肾母细胞瘤(Nephroblastoma)发生的关键基因,并筛选出潜在的治疗靶点及生物标志,采用由GEO数据库获取的基因芯片GSE11151和GSE53224,经归一化处理后,通过GO和KEGG分析筛选出差异基因,并通过构建蛋白互作网络获得其中的关键基因.总计获得差异基因404个,其中上调基因385个,下调基因19个.PMCH、CCR5、CCR7、RGS1和KNG1作为关键基因,涉及趋化因子信号通路、G蛋白偶联信号通路,参与肿瘤微环境的形成.这5个关键基因在肾母细胞瘤的发生中有着重要作用,并可能作为潜在治疗靶点及生物标志.     

平衡冷冻后红细胞胞内未冻水的状态

基于Boyle—Van’t Hoff关系设计了2种独立的实验方案，研究了红细胞内束缚水的状态．第一种方案使用电子粒子计数仪(EPC)测定了室温下在不同浓度的NaCl溶液中取得渗透平衡的红细胞的体积(V)，其中包括红细胞的等渗体积V0(与0．9％的NaCl溶液取得渗透平衡的红细胞体积)．第二种方案使用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测定了不同压积比的红细胞悬液慢速冷冻的放热量．通过理论模型计算，进一步得到红细胞的最终平衡体积(Hf)．平衡冷冻的最终体积与细胞内非渗透性体积(Vb)存在差别，这一差别被认为是细胞内束缚水的体积．实验结果表明：(1)两种实验方法等效；(2)平衡冷冻后胞内几乎没有自由水，亦即红细胞内束缚水只有一种状态，为结合水．     

盐胁迫对鲁氏酵母菌生理特性的影响

研究了盐胁迫对鲁氏酵母菌(Zygosaccharomyces rouxii CGMCC 3791)细胞生理特性的影响,结果表明,盐胁迫使细胞生长受到抑制,单位(每克)菌体乙醇含量从11.64mg增加到19.20mg(120g/L NaCl)。分析细胞胞内pH值和胞内活性氧(ROS)水平,结果表明:盐胁迫使细胞胞内pH值水平降低,胞内活性氧(ROS)水平增加,同时胞内抗氧化酶系(过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶,以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶)的活力提高,从而抵御由盐胁迫引起的氧胁迫。研究了盐胁迫对鲁氏酵母菌胞内谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的影响,结果表明,随着盐质量浓度增加,胞内GSH含量增加,在120g/L盐质量浓度下,GSH含量显著增加了73.4%。考察了外源添加GSH对细胞生长的影响,发现添加0.5g/L GSH的鲁氏酵母菌,在120g/L盐质量浓度下生物量提高了15%。本研究可对深入认识鲁氏酵母菌耐盐生理机制及进一步提高其耐盐性能提供理论支持。     

Calculation of the intracellular elastic modulus based on an atomic force microscope micro-cutting system

Better understanding of variations in the mechanical properties of cancer cells could help to provide novel solutions for the diagnosis,prevention,and treatment of cancers.We therefore developed a calculation model of the intracellular elastic modulus based on the contact pressure between the silicon tip of an atomic force microscope and the target cells,and cutting depth.Ovarian cells(UACC-1598) and colon cancer cells(NCI-H716) were cut into sequential layers using an atomic force microscope silicon tip.The cutting area on the cells was 8μm×8μm,and the loading force acting on the cells was increased from 17.523 to 32.126μN.The elastic modulus distribution was measured after each cutting process.There were significant differences in contact pressure and cutting depth between different cells under the same loading force,which could be attributed to differences in their intrinsic structures and mechanical properties.The differences between the average elastic modulus and surface elastic modulus for UACC-1598 and NCI-H716 cells were 0.288±0.08 kPa and 0.376±0.16 kPa,respectively.These results demonstrate that this micro-cutting method can be used to measure intracellular mechanical properties,which could in turn provide a more accurate experimental basis for the development of novel methods for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.     

乙酰水杨酸对大鼠DRG神经元膜电位的影响

应用细胞内微电极记录技术，观察乙酰水杨酸对大鼠背根神经节神经元膜电位的影响，结果发现：大多数细胞(89．33％)在滴加乙酰水杨酸(10^-9～10^-3mol／L)后可引起浓度依赖性的超极化反应，并对其可能镇痛机制进行了讨论。     

Regulatory aspects of low intensity photon emission

Summary Photon emission from unicellular and multicellular organisms has been a subject of study for many decennia. In contrast to the well-known phenomenon of bioluminescence originating in luciferin-luciferase reactions, low intensity emission in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum has been found in almost every species studied so far. At present, the nomenclature of this phenomenon has not crystallized and it is referred to by a variety of names, such as mitogenetic radiation²⁹, dark luminescence⁷, low-level chemiluminescence^{20, 36}, and biophotons⁵⁷. Particular attention has been focussed on the relationship between photon emission and the regulation of various aspects of cellular metabolism, although in many cases quantitative data are still lacking. Throughout the history of this field of research the question of a functional biological role of the low intensity emission has been repeatedly raised; this is reflected, for instance, in the heterogeneity of the terms used to describe it. The discussion concerns the possible participation of photons of low intensity in intra- and intercellular communication. This paper reviews literature on the metabolic regulation of low intensity emission, as well as the regulation of photon emission initiated by external light. Furthermore, recent data are discussed with respect to a possible biocommunicative function of low intensity photon emission.     

N-甲基-3-溴咔唑与β-环糊精包结作用研究

运用荧光光谱法，通过考察N-甲基-3-溴咔唑在水、乙醇、β-环糊精、甲基-β-环糊精、羟丙基-β-环糊精、γ-环糊精等溶液中的荧光光谱及荧光强度的变化，认为N-甲基-3-溴咔唑与β-环糊精可能的包结方式为轴向包结，而且光谱特性与微环境极性有很大的关系。     

酵母胞内核黄素含量测定方法的研究

对测定核黄素常用的3种方法,即高效液相色谱法、荧光光度法和分光光度法进行比较.结果表明,对于标准溶液3种方法均具有良好的线性关系和重现性,但在酵母提取液中,高效液相色谱法和分光光度法的回收率较差,测定准确率低.荧光光度法测定准确性高,稳定性强,为测定酵母胞内核黄素的最佳方法.     

~(31)P核磁共振法研究完整脏器细胞内的pH值

本工作对老鼠的心、肝、肾等不同脏器进行了(81)~P核磁共振的研究,并采用六甲基磷酰三胺为外标,测定了各种正常脏器细胞内的pH数值,同时也观察了在冷缺血、热缺血的不同条件下,离体脏器细胞内pH和无机磷酸盐浓度的变化。     

甜菜碱通过钙通道升高鼠脾淋巴细胞内[Ca^2＋]i研究

研究甜菜碱对小鼠脾淋巴细胞内钙离子浓度的变化及相关钙通道的研究．应用激光共聚焦显微镜（LSCM）测小鼠脾淋巴细胞内钙浓度的变化，应用不同钙通道阻滞剂研究甜菜碱影响细胞内钙浓度变化途径．对终浓度4mmol／L甜菜碱作用淋巴细胞不同时间的细胞内钙离子浓度值分析表明：甜菜碱可以使淋巴细胞内Ca^2＋浓度升高，6h后效果最明显；对加入不同阻滞剂细胞内钙离子浓度变化分析表明：钙通道及蛋白阻滞剂硝苯地平、地尔硫卓、咪贝地尔、金雀异黄素对甜菜碱升高淋巴细胞内钙离子浓度没有影响；维拉帕米、新霉素、肝素、普鲁卡因能阻断甜菜碱对淋巴细胞内钙离子浓度的升高作用．由此可知：细胞内钙离子浓度升高主要通过以下途径：在G蛋白介导下通过影响L-型电压门控钙通道的仅。亚单位而引起外钙内流；通过影响胞内钙库的ILR钙通道和RyR钙通道而引起内钙外排．其共同引起胞质钙离子浓度增加．