控温法海冰冻融固态脱盐技术研究

针对我国环渤海地区淡水资源严重缺乏，而渤海海冰资源丰富的状况，本文利用温室效应原理，设计了一套海冰控温冻融固态脱盐装置，并进行了现场脱盐试验和室内海冰盐分运动示踪观测．研究结果表明：海冰冰体液一固两相共生的混合体结构特征构成本技术的基础，海冰中卤水在重力和冰晶微融水的淋洗作用下总体上沿盐水通道向下快速迁移而排出；气温为2-6℃，冰温为-1．5—2℃时，经过5-7d控温脱盐，海冰盐度可降到1‰以下；出水率可以达到60％以上；单体设施年冰期产水可达381．6m^3；出水水质完全可以达到农业灌溉水标准；海冰淡化水吨水试验成本约为4．47元／m^3．     

自应力除冰雪沥青混合料的应用

研究了自应力除冰雪沥青混合料的机理,通过体积设计法研究了掺加橡胶颗粒的自应力除冰雪沥青混合料的级配以及施工工艺,分析了掺加橡胶颗粒沥青混合料的力学性能和使用性能,分析结果表明,各项指标均达到规范要求。     

蓄冰冷机容量的确定

针对在设计蓄冰工程时普遍存在优化蓄冷比来确定蓄冰主机容量的做法和确定蓄冰工况的问题，提出蓄冰冷机的蓄冰运行工况应根据制冷机组的类型和拟采用的蓄冰方式来确定，通过分析计算给出了蓄冰主机在全蓄冷模式、部分蓄冷冷机优先模式、部分蓄冷释冷优先等3种控制模式下确定冷机容量的计算式，并得出了在不同的控制模式下冷机的容量不受蓄冷比影响的重要结论，说明了蓄冰工况和冷机容量的正确选定对合理地设计蓄冰系统有非常重要的作用，并用工程实例做了详细的分析说明。     

地源热泵户型蓄冰中央空调的探讨

针对目前国内空气源热泵户型中央空调存在COP值低、机组耗电量大，冬季融霜控制困难、室温波动大，机组无真正的能量调节，单相电机组额定制冷（制热）量太小，给用户带来不便，以及加剧了城市电网的供需矛盾等问题，提出了地源热泵户型蓄冰中央空调的解决方案,并探讨双热力膨胀阀，双蒸发器和盘管外融冰的机组结构形式，还就我国城乡人民生活水平提高、住宅面积扩大和多样化、城市建筑和环境的限制、电力部门将推行居民家庭“峰谷电价”等方面，分析了地源热泵户型蓄冰中央空调广阔的市场前景。     

大豆蛋白与乳蛋白质混合制造冰淇淋的研究

冰淇淋是以奶油和非脂乳固体为主体经搅拌凝冻而成的一类冷饮食品,组织细腻、香味浓郁、口味滋美、营养丰富、四季宜食。自于我国牛乳供应不足,奶油已部分由人造奶油替代,关于蛋白质取代物的研究,人们曾探讨过花生和大豆替代牛乳生产冰淇淋。取得了一定的成效,但还有许多问     

Construction of ice nucleation active <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterobacter cloacae</Emphasis> for control of insect pests

Ice nucleation active(INA)bacteria are the most potent heterogeneous ice nuclei in nature,which have become an important biological resource for diverse applications.Many researches have proved that INA bacteria can raise the supercooling points(SCPs)of insect pests,then reduce their cold hardiness.However,INA bacteria‘s inefficient colonization on the surface or in the guts of insects,and the high incidence of frost injury induced by their release hampered the application of INA bacteria in controlling insect pests in agricultural fields.In this study,we constructed a recombinant plasmid mob-Tn5-iceA with the ability of broad-host-range conjugal mobilization and integration of the ina gene of icaA into chromosomal DNA of many gram-negative bacteria by Tn5 transposition.In addition,Ent.cloacae strains stably carrying iceA and expressing high ice nucleation activity(INA),even in the absence of antibiotic pressure,were constructed through conjugal mobilization and Tn5 transposition.Ent,cloacae strains have benn reported to be able to efficently colonize in the guts of insects,but have weak plant epiphytic ability.Therefore,these transgenic Ent.Cloacae may be promising candidates for control of insect pests in agricultural fields.     

抗冰导管架平台结构动力安全评估

基于现场冰激振动监测资料，论述了抗冰导管架平台进行动力失效评估的必要性，分析了在动冰荷载作用下抗冰导管架平台的动力失效模式，指出动力失效模式主要包括振动失效模式和疲劳失效模式，并介绍了基于现场实测冰力数据建立的直立结构冰力谱的计算方法．作为应用实例，利用ANSYS软件建立了Jz9—3GCP平台的有限元模型，分析了其结构特性，并对其进行动力结构安全评估． 此方法对于抗冰平台的设计和安全评估具有一定的借鉴意义．     

Recent temperature increase recorded in an ice core in the source region of Yangtze River

Interests on climate change in the source region of Yangtze River have been raised since it is a region with the greatest warming over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A 70-year history of precipitation δ~(18)O has been recovered using an ice core record retrieved in a plat portion of the firn area in the Guoqu Glacier (33°34′37.8″N, 91°10′35.3″E, 5720 m a.s.l.), Mt. Geladaindong (the source region of Yangtze River), in November, 2005. By using a significant positive relationship between ice core δ~(18)O record and summer air temperature (July to September) from the nearby meteorological stations, a history of summer air temperature has been reconstructed for the last 70 years. Summer temperature was relatively low in 1940s and high in 1950s to the middle of 1960s. The lowest temperature occurred in the middle of 1970s. Temperature was low in 1980s and dramatically increased since 1990s, keeping the trend to the begin-ning of the 21st century. The warming rate recorded in the ice core with 0.5℃/10 a since 1970s is much higher that that in the central TP and the Northern Hemisphere (NH), and it becomes 1.1℃/10 a since 1990s which is also higher than these from the central TP and the NH, reflecting an accelerated warm-ing and a more sensitive response to global warming in the high elevation region.     

基于产品概念设计理论的快速冰酒器三维结构的设计

本文主要包括的是产品概念设计的要求和作用的分析和理论知识结合实际的设计实例。快速冰酒器作为产品概念设计的一个实例，对其功能，造型，结构，材料，色彩和各个零部件的连接和装配关系等要素进行设计。采用pro／E软件建模概念产品快速冰酒器的零件结构图，部分装配图和最终效果图。还包括有关的文字解释和总结等内容。     

短时冻区气候下土坡浅层水热状况的数值分析

为揭示短时冻区气候下土坡浅层水热状况,利用有限差分技术编制边坡水热耦合程序,分析福建地区典型短时冻区气候下土坡浅层的冻深、冻结时间与含冰率状况以及日最低气温、辐射与平均风速对土坡浅层的冻深、冻结时间与含冰率的影响规律。结果表明:在福建典型短时冻区气候下,土坡浅层最大的冻深约为10 cm以内,浅层一般约在4:00开始冻结,含冰率峰值一般出现在表层以下;日最低气温对土坡浅层冻深、冻结时间与含冰率峰值均有明显影响;风速及太阳辐射对土坡浅层冻深与含冰率峰值影响不大,但对土坡浅层冻结时间的长短影响较大。建议短时冻区土质边坡冻融失稳分析时重点关注浅层10 cm左右的稳定性。