卫生填埋场室内离心模拟试验研究

用离心试验法模拟了填埋体的沉降和边坡土工膜的应力应变状态，并将其与有限元计算结果进行了对比，结果表明：该方法可以定性地描述出卫生填埋场的状交；边坡土工膜存在初始损伤的情况下发生的应力集中是导致其受拉破坏的主要原因；保证边坡防渗层安全的关键是加强现场管理与监督，提高土工膜铺设工艺。     

中碳钢缺口疲劳裂纹的萌生及扩展规律的研究

经研究中碳合金结构钢３５ＣｒＭｏ，４２ＣｒＭｏ在不同应力比下（Ｒ＝０．１和Ｒ＝０．３）三点弯曲缺口试件的疲劳裂纹萌生及长，短裂纹的扩展规律，确定了该钢的缺口根部最大应力范围△σｍａｘ和疲劳裂纹萌生周次Ｎｉ的关系及疲劳裂纹萌生门截坎值（△σｍａｘ）ｔｈ，并得出了这两种钢在长，短期纹阶段的扩展规律。     

Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the binding of Merocyanine 540 to human erythrocytes

The fluorescent dye Merocyanine 540 (MC540) is often used as a probe to monitor the molecular packing of phospholipids in the outer leaflet of biomembranes. In a previous study we showed that the increased staining of erythrocytes with a perturbed membrane structure was mainly due to an increase in the fluorescence yield of cell-bound MC540, rather than to an increase of the number of bound molecules. Erythrocytes and ghosts exposed to continuous fluxes of H₂O₂ exhibited pronounced lipid peroxidation. Further, red blood cells subjected to this form of oxidative stress also showed increased staining with MC540. It appeared that this was caused by a strong increase in binding of MC540, together with a slight red shift of the fluorescence emission maximum and a small increase in the fluorescence yield of bound MC540. The changed MC540 binding characteristics were not observed when lipid peroxidation was suppressed by the presence of the antioxidant BHT in the incubation medium. However, open ghosts exposed to H₂O₂ showed no increase of MC540 binding, excluding a direct involvement of lipid peroxidation. Measurement of fluorescence emission spectra and gel filtration studies showed that MC540 can bind to H₂O₂-exposed hemoglobin. Experiments with erythrocytes lysed in hypotonic medium after exposure to H₂O₂ revealed that peroxidation of lipids with H₂O₂ induced a non-specific permeabilization of the plasma membrane to MC540, thereby allowing MC540 to bind to the oxidatively denatured, more hydrophobic hemoglobin. These results indicate that conclusions about packing of phospholipids in the outer leaflet of the membrane based on increased MC540-staining should be drawn with care. Received 27 September 1996; received after revision 5 November 1996; accepted 27 November 1996     

平台用钢微观组织对其分层面上解理断裂应力的影响

利用专门设计的厚度方向缺口四点弯曲试样，结合相应的弹塑性有限元计算结果，在液氮温度下测取了一种海洋平台用钢的６种微观组织分层面上的解理断裂应力σ＊ｆ．结果显示，均匀细小的铁素体＋贝氏体组织具有比铁素体＋带状珠光体为高的σ＊ｆ值．对于同一终轧温度，轧后冷速愈高，其得到的微观组织之σ＊ｆ值愈高．而对于同一轧后冷却制度，则终轧于Ａｒ３与再结晶停止温度之间者其得到的微观组织具有最高的σ＊ｆ值．讨论了各微观组织组成相的作用     

钢筋混凝土框架短柱复合受力强度分析模型

采用桁架－拱模型，利用平衡条件，协调条件和砼软化应力，应变关系以及钢筋的应力－应变关系，对钢筋砼框架短柱剪强度进行了分析，并利用该方法对国内所做６３个普通砼框架短柱的试验结果进行了强度分析，计算结果与试验结果符合较好。在此基础上，利用陶粒砼的软化应力－应变关系，对作者进行的９根钢筋高强陶粒砼框架短柱试验结果分析，亦取得了较好的效果。     

对数正态分布场合恒定应力加速寿命试验的MLE和AMLE

在寿命分布为对数正态分布场合，由恒定应力加速寿合试验所获的数据，给出未知参数的近似极大似然估计．     

三参数Weibull分布下随机截尾恒加寿命试验的Bayes统计分析

利用随机截尾恒加寿命试验所获的数据，导出了三参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ分布在平方损失下，三个参数的Ｂａｙｅｓ估计，进一步估计了在正常应力水平下的各种可靠性指标     

焊缝固态收缩对残余应力形成过程的作用

在分析传统的焊接残余应力形成机理的基础上，针对其局限性提出了对接焊缝残余应力形成的修正模式。认为除进缝区母材中所发生的塑性压缩变形的贡献之外，焊缝金属冷却时的受制约收缩也是导致对接接头中产生残余应力的一个相当重要的因素。     

巨型模锻水压机立柱应力在线检测及保护系统

通过对100MN多向模锻水压机的立柱在偏载工况下的受力状态的简要分析,并根据立柱应力特征与水压机的结构特点,提出了一种新型的非接触式立柱应力在线检测方法。以电涡流传感器为基本单元,并采用动态“O”点技术,建立了100MN多向模锻水压机的应力检测与保护系统及其软件。实验研究及应用表明,所研制的系统具有良好的稳定性和抗干扰能力,同时很好地抑制了零漂对检测精度的影响,该检测方法可应用于大型机械(轧机、挤压机等)封闭框架应力的间接检测。     

家禽热应激及预防措施(综述)

综述了高温的不良刺激使家禽产生热应激后，家禽体内所引起的体热平衡、内分泌、血液化学成分等非特异性应答反应，以及对热应激的有效预防措施