影响青少年身高生长因素分析

目前社会上流行各种各样的增高方法,其中很多是毫无科学道理的,存在严重的误导消费行为。影响青少年身高增长主要因素很多,如睡眠、体育锻炼和营养补钙等,注意这些可以为青少年拥有理想身高提供帮助。中国城市儿童普遍缺乏体育锻炼及睡眠不足应引起高度重视。     

Ecdysteroid receptors located in the central nervous system of an insect

Summary Using thaw-mount autoradiography for steroid hormones, we obtained direct evidence for a nuclear localization of ecdysteroid binding sites in target organs of blowfly (Calliphora vicina) larvae. The binding sites revealed properties of ecdysteroid receptors. Endocrine cells of the ring gland were found to be target tissues of ecydysteroids. This observation provides morphological evidence for a network of complex interendocrine regulation. In the central nervous system receptorcontaining neurons were identified which include many, if not all, neurosecretory cells of the brain. A map of ecdysteroid sensitive cells of the larval brain is presented.     

黄斑蓝子鱼CRH基因的克隆及其在浅水应激后的mRNA表达

鱼类应激时主要启动两种生理反应系统,即"交感-嗜铬组织"系统/和/或"下丘脑-垂体-肾间组织轴"(HPI轴)系统.在实际生产操作中,鱼类容易受到浅水暴露应激.为了探讨黄斑蓝子鱼在受到浅水应激后HPI轴是否被激活,本研究克隆了下丘脑中启动HPI轴活性的关键因子—促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)的基因,并检测其在应激前和受到浅水应激后不同时间点(0、20、40、60、80 min)的mRNA水平.结果显示,CRH前体的cDNA全长为1025 bp,编码170个氨基酸(aa),分别由一个信号肽(24个aa)、一个功能未知保守区(13个aa)和一个成熟肽(41个aa)组成;该CRH前体和成熟肽与其他鱼类的相应肽分别具有62%-98%和78%-100%的序列相似性.当鱼体受到短暂(4 min)浅水应激后80 min内,脑中CRH mRNA水平在应激前后无显著变化(P>0.05),说明黄斑蓝子鱼在受到急性浅水应激后可能主要启动"交感-嗜铬组织"系统而不是HPI轴.     

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone does not inhibit lysine vasopressin-induced growth hormone secretion in normal men

Summary In order to establish whether thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) inhibits lysine-vasopressin (LVP)-induced growth hormone (GH) release, six normal men were tested with LVP alone or in combination with TRH. LVP strikingly increased serum GH levels; this response was not altered by TRH. These results indicated that in man TRH is not involved in the control of GH secretion in response to LVP.     

Insulin requirement of human leukemic cell lines

Summary The growth characteristics of human leukemic cell lines in serum supplemented medium and in serum free medium with and without the addition of insulin were investigated. No relation was found between the insulin binding capacity of the cells and their hormone-dependence for growth.This work has been supported by grant CT82.00191.04 of CNR Rome and by Regione Piemonte.     

溶解氧含量变动对褐牙鲆幼鱼生长及其相关生化指标的影响

【目的】以褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)幼鱼为对象,研究其在不同溶解氧条件下的生长及生长指标的变化,探讨褐牙鲆幼鱼血浆激素的内分泌调节机制,为深入研究鱼类适应溶解氧变动环境的机制提供资料。【方法】采用实验生理生态学方法,研究水体溶解氧含量变动对褐牙鲆幼鱼生长、生长激素GH的分泌、类胰岛素生长因子IGF?Ⅰ的分泌、RNA/DNA比值以及糖原含量的影响。【结果】低溶氧(2mg/L-S2、4mg/LS4)胁迫的10d内,褐牙鲆幼鱼生长受到明显抑制,但低溶氧胁迫导致的生长减缓可在溶解氧含量恢复至对照组(7.5mg/L-S7.5)水平后10d内获得完全补偿。胁迫期间,血浆GH和IGF?Ⅰ的含量在不同处理组间没有显著差异,在恢复的第10天,S7.5的GH含量显著高于S2及S4,其他不同处理组的血浆GH和IGF?Ⅰ含量未出现显著差异。胁迫和恢复期间不同处理组的肝脏RNA/DNA比值均未出现显著差异。低溶氧处理的肌肉RNA/DNA比值在胁迫期间显著低于对照组,但在恢复生长的第20天显著高于对照组。胁迫结束时,低溶氧处理的肝糖原含量显著低于对照组,而在恢复期间的第10天和20天时高于对照组,随后恢复至对照组水平。不同处理组的肌糖原含量在胁迫和恢复期间均未出现显著差异。在恢复阶段的第10天,GH含量出现显著差异,其含量与生长速率呈负相关关系,而RNA/DNA含量在实验期间与褐牙鲆幼鱼的生长未表现出明显相关性。【结论】受短期低氧胁迫的褐牙鲆幼鱼能够在恢复正常溶氧后短期内获得完全补偿生长,但相关生化指标未表现出与生长变化的显著相关性。     

植物激素对菘兰离体叶片愈伤组织的诱导及器官分化的影响

采用浓度为0.1ppm、1.0ppm、5.0ppm的2.4—D和1.0ppm、0.1ppm、及0.01ppm的BA构成9种不同的激素组合,处理菘兰离体叶片,均能诱导其产生愈伤组织。若2.4—D浓度改为0.01ppm、0.02ppm、和0ppm,BA浓度仍为1.0ppm、0.1ppm和0.01ppm,同样形成9种不同的激素组合,处理菘兰离体叶片,则不能诱导其产生愈伤组织,但却能使离体叶片直接分化出根或芽。     

一次性大运动量训练对青少年男子短跑运动员内分泌激素影响的研究

大强度训练后，运动员内分泌激素水平会发生不同程度改变，采用生化检测方法能准确地反映运动员训练后内分泌激素水平，为教练员及时调整训练强度、保证训练的系统性和科学性提供辅助指导．     

抗孕酮化合物RU486的研究

该文对ＲＵ４８６的合成路线、结构特征、与ＰＲ作用的构效关系和作用特点作了介绍。     

Captivity affects behavioral physiology: Plasticity in signaling sexual identity

Summary Little is known about the link between captivity, physiology, and behavior in wild-caught vertebrates. Anecdotal evidence suggests that hormonal changes are responsible for behavioral changes in wild animals brought into captivity. Studying the effects of captivity on reproduction is hampered because wild animals often fail to exhibit sexual behavior under captive conditions. In weakly discharging electric fish, field studies have reported sex differences in electric organ discharges which are rarely seen in the laboratory. I now report the results of a series of laboratory investigations which show thatGnathonemus petersii exhibits seasonal, hormone-dependent, phasespecific sex differences in electric organ discharges. Captivity dramatically alters and may even reverse these sex differences as a result of rapid changes in endogenous plasma hormone levels. These findings have broad implications for research on animal physiology and behavior performed in laboratory settings.