Resveratrol-type oligostilbenes from Iris clarkei antagonize 20-hydroxyecdysone action in the Drosophila melanogaster B(II) cell line

Bioassay-guided high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of a MeOH extract of Iris clarkei seeds yielded the resveratrol-type oligomeric stilbenes, ampelopsin B and α-viniferin, which antagonize the action of 20-hydroxyecdysone; with a 20-hydroxyecdysone concentration of 50 nM, the ED₅₀ values were 33 μM and 10 μM, respectively. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis, notably ultraviolet, liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry and modern one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Received 4 November 1999; accepted 13 December 1999     

Captivity affects behavioral physiology: Plasticity in signaling sexual identity

Summary Little is known about the link between captivity, physiology, and behavior in wild-caught vertebrates. Anecdotal evidence suggests that hormonal changes are responsible for behavioral changes in wild animals brought into captivity. Studying the effects of captivity on reproduction is hampered because wild animals often fail to exhibit sexual behavior under captive conditions. In weakly discharging electric fish, field studies have reported sex differences in electric organ discharges which are rarely seen in the laboratory. I now report the results of a series of laboratory investigations which show thatGnathonemus petersii exhibits seasonal, hormone-dependent, phasespecific sex differences in electric organ discharges. Captivity dramatically alters and may even reverse these sex differences as a result of rapid changes in endogenous plasma hormone levels. These findings have broad implications for research on animal physiology and behavior performed in laboratory settings.     

动物免疫去势的基本理论与实践

从免疫学角度较系统论述了动物免疫去势的基本原理、激素调控、临床实践及该技术的特征     

Internalization of polypeptide hormones and receptor recycling

Conclusion The insulin receptor is an integral protein of the plasma membrane of the cell. It is composed of two subunits: an subunit, which binds the hormone, and a subunit which is a tyrosine specific protein kinase capable of undergoing autophosphorylation. These independent subunits are synthesized by way of a higher molecular weight single chain precursor and thus are the product of a single gene^{29, 49, 85} localized to chromosome 19^{29, 91}. Assuming that the insulin receptor is synthesized in the same fashion as other integral membrane glycoproteins, then the nucleus, the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus are involved in its biosynthesis. Further, there must be some form of transport of the mature receptor subunits to the plasma membrane where they are inserted.By contrast, the endocytotic route involves coated pits, coated vesicles, large clear vesicles or endosomes, multivesicular bodies and other lysosomal forms. In addition, it is possible that some other as yet unidentified organelle is involved in recycling (fig. 8). At the present time, with respect to the insulin receptor, the biosynthetic pathway and the endocytotic pathway appear to be separate. Further, it does not appear that either pathway, i. e. synthesis or endocytosis, exerts a regulatory function over the other.     

Ecdysteroid receptors located in the central nervous system of an insect

Summary Using thaw-mount autoradiography for steroid hormones, we obtained direct evidence for a nuclear localization of ecdysteroid binding sites in target organs of blowfly (Calliphora vicina) larvae. The binding sites revealed properties of ecdysteroid receptors. Endocrine cells of the ring gland were found to be target tissues of ecydysteroids. This observation provides morphological evidence for a network of complex interendocrine regulation. In the central nervous system receptorcontaining neurons were identified which include many, if not all, neurosecretory cells of the brain. A map of ecdysteroid sensitive cells of the larval brain is presented.     

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone does not inhibit lysine vasopressin-induced growth hormone secretion in normal men

Summary In order to establish whether thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) inhibits lysine-vasopressin (LVP)-induced growth hormone (GH) release, six normal men were tested with LVP alone or in combination with TRH. LVP strikingly increased serum GH levels; this response was not altered by TRH. These results indicated that in man TRH is not involved in the control of GH secretion in response to LVP.     

Insulin requirement of human leukemic cell lines

Summary The growth characteristics of human leukemic cell lines in serum supplemented medium and in serum free medium with and without the addition of insulin were investigated. No relation was found between the insulin binding capacity of the cells and their hormone-dependence for growth.This work has been supported by grant CT82.00191.04 of CNR Rome and by Regione Piemonte.     

江苏汉族人生长激素受体基因多态性研究

为了解生长激素受体(GHR)基因多态性在江苏汉族人群中的分布,通过多重PCR及PCR-RFLP的方法对269例江苏地区正常汉族人进行GHR基因3个位点的多态性分析,并与文献中报道的其它种族和地区的人群进行比较分析.结果显示江苏地区汉族正常人群中GHR基因型以fl/fl、I/L、P/P发生频率最高,这种分布在男女之间没有差异,与其它地区汉族人比较没有明显差异,与日本人差异也不明显,而与法国、俄罗斯人差异明显.研究表明,GHR基因3个位点多态性在不同种族之间分布存在着明显的差异,这种差异有可能是导致不同种族间人体测量学差异及对一些疾病的易感性及对药物的反应性不同的因素之一.     

Activation and inactivation of thyroid hormone by deiodinases: Local action with general consequences

The thyroid hormone plays a fundamental role in the development, growth, and metabolic homeostasis in all vertebrates by affecting the expression of different sets of genes. A group of thioredoxin fold-containing selenoproteins known as deiodinases control thyroid hormone action by activating or inactivating the precursor molecule thyroxine that is secreted by the thyroid gland. These pathways ensure regulation of the availability of the biologically active molecule T3, which occurs in a time-and tissue-specific fashion. In addition, because cells and plasma are in equilibrium and deiodination affects central thyroid hormone regulation, these local deiodinase-mediated events can also affect systemic thyroid hormone economy, such as in the case of non-thyroidal illness. Heightened interest in the field has been generated following the discovery that the deiodinases can be a component in both the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway and the TGR-5 signaling cascade, a G-protein-coupled receptor for bile acids. These new mechanisms involved in deiodinase regulation indicate that local thyroid hormone activation and inactivation play a much broader role than previously thought. Received 29 August 2007; received after revision 11 October 2007; accepted 16 October 2007     

植物生长调节剂促进红松提早结实技术研究

树木在幼年期是不能开花结实的,只有结束了幼年期达到性成熟阶段(即成年阶段)才能开花结实.在全面了解影响红松结实的遗传、起源、外界环境等主要因素的基础上,利用激素或激素类除草剂创造人工小环境,诱导促进红松造林苗提早结实取得了较好的试验效果.试验表明:结合优良造林苗木选择和配套造林技术,在红松新造林苗木成活后,于每年5月、7月上旬全株喷施特定浓度的赤霉素、ABT生根粉、乙烯利等植物激素能够促使红松实生苗提早结实,在实际操作中具有现实的有效性、操作性和实用性;红松S2-2优良苗木造林成活后,用2×10-4赤霉素全株喷雾处理,可使红松在第4年进入初果期.