高压下石墨超硬相的电阻率测量

采用高压下精确的原位电阻率测量技术,利用高浓度硼掺杂的金刚石薄膜制备微电路,在0～34 GPa测量石墨的电阻率随压力的变化规律.结果表明:在第一和第二个压力循环中,石墨超硬相电阻率不连续变化,分别出现在15.1 GPa和17.9 GPa;相存在的最低压力为8 GPa.     

Patterns and levels of PCDD/F in a Chinese graphite electrode sludge

The graphite electrode sludge was sampled from a huge chloralkali plant in central China. The total level of PCDD/F was found as high as 378.85 μg/kg sludge (dry weight). The patterns of PCDD/F in each homologue indicated the predominance of tetra-to octa-chlorinated PCDFs. Furthermore, the toxic 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDFs constituted over 80% of the total PCDFs in the sludge and the corresponding PCDDs were only at 15 μg/kg level. The calculated value of the international toxic equivalence (I-TEQ) in sludge was 21.65 μg/kg sludge (dry weight). This typical “dioxin chloralkali pattern” was apparently identified in the sediments near the effluent outlet of the chloralkali plant.     

卡尔曼滤波伏安法同时测量显影废水中米吐尔和对苯二酚的研究

用自制蒙脱石—石墨—聚氯乙烯复合电极做工作电极。溶液的pH=5．0时。米吐尔的氧化峰电位为310mV。浓度在4．0～32．0μg．mL^-1范围时。峰电流与浓度有良好的线性关系(J=0．0057 0．6398c，γ=0．999)；对苯二酚的氧化峰的峰电位为320mV。浓度在4．0～32．0μg．mL^-1范围时。峰电流与浓度有良好的线性关系(I=-0．0164 0．9747c，γ=0．999)．用卡尔曼滤波伏安法对显影废水中米吐尔和对苯二酚进行了同时测定，米吐尔的平均回收率为99．47％，对苯二酚的平均回收率为100．06％。     

Micro-Mechanical Behavior of HOPG in Nano-Indentation

The mechanical behavior of highly oriented pyrolyti c graphite (HOPG) has been investigated in this paper, by simulating a machining p rocess in a nano-indent test with the method of molecular dynamics (MD) and by doing an experiment directly using the probe tip of atomic force microscope (AFM ) as tool. The characteristics and properties of graphite crystal lattice are di scussed firstly, then, three potentials are selected for different interaction b etween graphite atoms according to the graphite prope...     

奥一贝球铁石墨及周围组织的断裂行为

已有若干关于奥-贝球铁断裂方式的研究报告。Voigt R.C.提出,降低等温淬火温度或淬火温度过高,断裂方式逐渐由韧性向脆性转变,合金含Mn量提高也有类似的转变倾向,这些研究成果为断裂机制的深入研究奠定了基础。但作为一种新型的高强韧性铸铁材料,对奥-贝球铁断裂行为的认识还很不够。作者采用SEM、EPMA和光学显微镜,多角度探讨了奥-贝球铁在常温下的断裂机制及其与诸重要冶金因素的关系,分析了石墨和     

石墨炉原子发射法测定饮料中的铝

石墨炉原子发射法(GFAES)是近年来发展起来的一种新的分析方法,该法对某些易激发元素(如 K、Na、Ba、Al 等)的测定灵敏度和稳定性皆优于石墨炉原子吸收法(GFAAS)。本文在非火焰原子吸收装置上,对铝的 GFAES 法测定进行了较详细的研究,并通过测定不同包装的同类饮料中铝的含量,考察了方法的可靠性和精度,结果发现,该法完全可用于饮料中微量铝的测定。当被测溶液中铝的含量在0.00～0.25ppm 时,铝的发射强度与浓度呈线性关系。加入回收试验表明,方法的回收率达96.0%～102.0%,对饮料中常见的各种成份进行干扰试验,发现200倍的 K~+、Na~+、Ca~(++)、Mg~(++)、CO_3~(--)和50倍的柠檬酸,苯甲酸等不干扰铝的测定.     

Alkaline pressure oxidative leaching of bismuth-rich and arsenic-rich lead anode slime

A new alkaline pressure oxidative leaching process(with NaNO3 as the oxidant and NaOH as the alkaline reagent)is proposed herein to remove arsenic,antimony,and lead from bismuth-rich and arsenic-rich lead anode slime for bismuth,gold,and silver enrichment.The effects of the temperature,liquid-to-solid ratio,leaching time,and reagent concentration on the leaching ratios of arsenic,antimony,and lead were investigated to identify the optimum leaching conditions.The experimental results under optimized conditions indicate that the average leaching ratios of arsenic,antimony and lead are 95.36%,79.98%,63.08%,respectively.X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the leaching residue is composed of Bi,Bi2O3,Pb2Sb2O7,and trace amounts of NaSb(OH)6.Arsenic,antimony,and lead are thus separated from lead anode slime as Na3AsO4·10H2O and Pb2Sb2O7.Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometry imaging revealed that the samples undergo appreciable changes in their surface morphology during leaching and that the majority of arsenic,lead,and antimony is removed.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to demonstrate the variation in the valence states of the arsenic,lead,and antimony.The Pb(IV)and Sb(V)content was found to increase substantially with the addition of NaNO3.     

静电植绒法制备石墨微鳞片高导热界面材料

为了制备高导热、低热阻的大面积导热界面材料,使用静电植绒法在高电压静电场下垂直取向石墨微鳞片,取向后的石墨微鳞片阵列在平面方向上呈现无规且紧凑的结构。通过微粉灌注法向石墨微鳞片中填充高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）或聚氨酯微粉,或者通过液态刮涂法填充低黏度硅橡胶前驱体,加热固化后,形成大面积高导热界面材料。导热性能测试结果表明：石墨微鳞片阵列（粒径1 000 μm）与柔性聚氨酯微粉复合形成的导热膜在68.95 kPa和689.5 kPa的压力下测得的垂直方向导热率分别为4.3 W/（m·K）和8.7 W/（m·K）;与柔性硅橡胶复合形成的导热膜在68.95 kPa和344.75 kPa的压力下测得的垂直方向导热率分别为2.0 W/（m·K）和4.1 W/（m·K）;与硬质HDPE微粉复合形成的导热膜由于表面过于粗糙和坚硬,无法测得可靠的导热率。实际散热效果显示,柔性硅橡胶导热膜与石墨纸贴合的散热结构能够将热聚集点的热量快速传递到石墨纸表面,并通过石墨纸层均匀散开。     

MnO2—WC复合镀层的制备

本文报道在石墨电极上制备ＭｎＯ２－ＷＣ复合镀层的合适工艺条件的研究结果，实验结果表明，复合镀层的结构形貌和其中ＷＣ的含量与电解液组成，电沉积条件等有关，在控制合适的民解液组成和电沉积条件下可以制备出较好的ＭｎＯ２－ＷＣ复合镀层，具有作为阳极材料应用的价值。     

碳纳米管材料的研究现状及发展趋势

介绍了国内外碳管纳米管材料的发现历程，阐述了碳管纳米管材料的构造、形成机理、性能特点以及其应用的现状，简要分析了碳纳米管在纯化研究、导热性能的研究、力学性能和电学性能的开发利用等方面的发展趋势．