济源市大气污染现状调查与污染控制研究

从近五年济源市大气污染的现状出发,找出了污染的原因,分析了其发展趋势,并从科技、经济、行政等方面找出相应的对策,提出了大气污染控制的方案。     

我国的农业污染及防治技术研究综述

对农业污染的危害性和产生污染的原因进行综述,提出了运用绿色化工技术防治农业污染的相关措施：合理使用农药和化肥,;大力发展有机肥料;着力开发低毒、高效、低残留的新农药;综合利用农业废弃物;创建生态园区.     

四平市城区河流非金属无机物污染监测与分析

以地表水Ⅳ类水质限值为评价标准,通过对四平市城区的南河、北河非金属无机污染物监测分析得出：城市活动对流经城区的河流水体非金属无机污染物有显著影响;其中,北河水体受总磷的影响较大且严重超标,南河水体受酸碱度的污染较重,部分采样点超标;南北河水体氰化物、氟化物和亚硝酸盐．氮均未超标,但总体上有污染增加的趋势;因此,对南北河实施治理迫在眉睫,但要科学合理区别对待．     

减压氩气环境下激光显微发射光谱特性

以单脉冲YAG激光、YJGⅡ激光微区光谱仪、QF 60型水晶摄谱仪和自行设计的低真空装置组成分析系统 ,在减压氩气环境下 ,实验研究了铜合金光谱分析标准样品中的CuⅠ 32 4 .7nm和CuⅠ 32 7.4nm发射谱的谱线品质特性 .与空气环境下得到的实验结果比较 ,在减压氩气环境下 ,谱线强度明显增强 ,自吸现象减小 ,谱线品质得到明显改善     

淮河水污染及其治理的现状和展望

提出应用流域生态系统的理论促进淮河水污染治理 ,并提出当前宜先行研究的若干方面。     

饮用水中有机卤化物的污染及处理研究进展

综述了多氯烃、多氯代苯等有机卤化物对饮用水的污染及治理进展．     

Global pollution shown by lead and cadmium contents in precipitation of polar regions and Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

The analysis of the major ions, lead and cadmium has been performed for snow-pit samples collected from the Arctic, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Antarctic Ice Sheet. These snow pits were excavated respectively from the snowpack in Canadian Northwest Territory (NWT) and the central Arctic, three glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surface snow along the route of the International Trans-Antarctic Expedition (ITAE). The source regions for the lead pollution of central Arctic have been identified by analyzing of stable lead isotopic ratios, meteorological and atmospheric chemistry studies. It shows that the central Arctic is still under intensive lead input, despite the fact that lead content in Greenland Ice Sheet displays a rapid decreasing since the 1970s due to US and some European countries’ campaigns to reduce lead-containing gasoline-additives. This is because there are multiple lead sources for the central Arctic, including the countries that have not performed gasoline-additives reducing. The backgrounds of atmospheric aerosol compositions, as well as the concentrations of lead and cadmium in precipitation of the early 1990s, are contrasted among the Arctic, Antarctica and Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The measured lead content in the snowfall at the typical sites of the three regions is divided into natural (background) and anthropogenic components. It is found that natural lead concentration (mainly crustal and/or sea-salt lead) is roughly equal among the three regions (< 3×10¹²g · g¹). However, the percentage of the natural lead to the measured lead is negligible in precipitation in the central Arctic and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, while it is considerable in Antarctic precipitation. The anthropogenic component of lead (>50% in Antarctic precipitation, >97% in the Arctic and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ) is mainly responsible for the lead input to both polar regions and to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Lead pollution may have spread into the whole troposphere and the most remote regions on earth.     

现场总线控制系统在常减压蒸馏-氧化沥青联合装置上的应用

将现场总线控制系统FCS (FieldbusControlSystem)应用于胜华炼厂常减压蒸馏 氧化沥青联合装置上。该控制系统用数字信号代替传统的模拟信号 ,将现场管理和过程控制统一起来。实际运行表明 ,各种控制策略组态运行良好 ,不同组态软件之间的连接工作正常 ,保证了该装置的安全生产。     

果蔬气调保鲜和冰温保鲜的实验研究

介绍了果蔬的气调保鲜和冰温保鲜原理,根据原理对减压保鲜和冰温保鲜进行了实验研究,测得了两种保鲜方式下部分果蔬的保鲜参数,最后对两种保鲜方法作了技术和经济比较,指出其优缺点.     

磁尾污染浮选精煤的机理研究

采用高效重介旋流器(HMC)脱硫工艺后,部分非磁性矿物(磁尾)随介质进入煤泥水系统。研究表明磁尾次生矿泥赤铁矿(红色)等金属氧化物在水中不论是晶体或无定形状态都在表面结合配位水,构成水合金属氧化物和氢氧化物,具有很强的吸附混凝性能,架桥吸附粘土胶体、细粒煤和气泡表面,微凝聚改变了煤和粘土矿物胶体粒子双电层的Ζ电位,煤的可浮性随之改变,导致粘土矿物对浮选精煤的污染加重。为此,提出了“选前脱除磁尾”等污染控制新方法。