微波、冷冻预处理对改善尾巨桉木材干燥性能的影响

桉树木材在干燥过程中常伴有开裂和皱缩等严重的干燥缺陷,为了减少桉树皱缩等干燥缺陷,提高桉树的干燥质量和探讨皱缩的形成原因,采用冷冻处理和微波辐射两种方法对尾巨桉木材进行预处理,研究微波、冷冻处理后尾巨桉木材的渗透性、干燥速度和木材的皱缩特性。结果表明:两种方法均能不同程度改善木材的渗透性,提高木材的干燥速度,减少木材的皱缩。对照材和微波辐射材,皱缩均发生在心、边材的交接处,部分木纤维扭曲,相互挤压,细胞腔变得狭小,形成扭曲带,相邻扭曲带的木纤维向相反方向挤压、溃陷;前者扭曲带宽可达5～20个细胞,皱缩深度为0.76 mm,后者扭曲带为5～10个细胞,皱缩深度为0.35 mm;冷冻预处理材表面未见明显皱缩痕迹,细胞皱缩程度不明显,扭曲带(1～2个细胞宽)隐约可见。     

冷冻保存对鱼胚DNA,LDH和G6PD的影响

以草鱼、红卿和泥鳅为材料，测定了鱼类胚胎冷冻前后细胞核ＤＮＡ的含量变化，以及ＬＤＨ和Ｇ６ＰＤ脱氢酶的活性变化。结果表明，冷冻后细胞核ＤＮＡ的光密度值降低０．０８％￣０．３３；各期胚胎冷冻后两种同工酶活性都有不同程度的降低，聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离法测定结果说明发育后期的胚胎酶活性下降程度较小，分别为８．４８％￣１０．６６％和１１．９８％￣１８．５８％，发育早期酶活性下降较大，分别为２２．７１％￣２３     

机械铺网机运动及其影响

非织造布生产中使用的机械铺网机,在铺网过程中作往复运动,该运动是平动与转动复合的运动。通过对该运动的分析,讨论了对纤维网的影响。在此基础上提同铺网机的有关设计参数。     

角膜两种冷冻方法的比较研究

以免角膜为材料，比较了程序控制冷冻法和简易悬吊冷冻法的冷冻效果。结果表明，应用“二甲基亚砜—人血清白蛋白冷冻保护剂，两种方法都可获得较高的角膜内皮细胞存活率（＞９５％）。程序控制冷冻法能准确地控制实验条件，结果重复性好，易于分析冷冻效果。从冷冻角膜应用于临床考虑，应建立和发展程序控制冷冻法。     

大型输水管道的光弹性应力分析

本文介绍某输水工程中,大型地下输水管道的光弹性应力分析问题。在同时考虑回填土荷重,外部基础渗水,以及混凝土输水管自重条件下,确定输水管周边和指定载面的应力分布,实验中采用离心加载和中温冻结。较理想地解决了模型实验和实物之间的相似关系。用简支梁代替圆盘标定,解决了载荷放大倍数低时,确定材料冻结条纹值的问题。也提及应力分析和弯矩的计算问题。     

FGM圆环板面内自由振动的DQM求解

基于二维线弹性理论,假定材料物性沿圆环板的径向按照幂律梯度分布,建立了FGM薄圆环板面内自由振动的运动微分方程,采用微分求积法数值研究了FGM圆环板面内自由振动的量纲一频率特性,并与各向同性材料圆环板面内自由振动的量纲一频率进行了比较,说明本文的分析方法有效. 结果表明,不同边界条件,FGM梯度指标以及FGM圆环板内、外半径比对量纲一频率均有影响,其计算结果和分析方法可供设计参考.      

环形微细腔内甲烷催化转化效率的数值模拟

甲烷在微燃烧器内存在燃烧效率不高、燃烧不稳定等问题。为了研究微尺度下甲烷持续稳定燃烧的性能,采用催化燃烧方式对环形微细腔内甲烷与空气混合物在铂催化表面上的催化燃烧进行了数值模拟,研究了甲烷当量比、壁面温度对微通道内甲烷与空气混合物催化燃烧的甲烷转化效率的影响。结果表明,甲烷当量比、壁面温度对甲烷转化率有重要影响,通过催化可以促进甲烷在环形微细腔内的稳定燃烧。为了获得较高的甲烷转化效率,微燃烧器入口的甲烷当量比在0.8~1.0范围内较为合理,温度是影响环形微细腔内甲烷催化燃烧的主要因素,尤其在甲烷当量比较低时,温度的提高对甲烷的催化转化有更好的促进作用。甲烷的质量流量为6.5 g/h时,甲烷催化转化效率可达77%。     

The test freezing temperature of C2―C6 dicarboxylic acid: The important indicator for ice nucleation processes

The importance of organic compounds as significant constituents of atmospheric aerosols, and cloud condensation nuclei （CCN）, as well as players influencing the tropospheric oxidation and atmospheric energy budget, have been increasingly recognized. Low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids （LMW-DCAs） are significant identified portions of atmospheric condensed matter including aerosols, fog and clouds. Besides the photochemical transformation of DCA, the implication of organic matter in ice nucleation processes has been considered. In this study, we investigated the freezing temperature of pure and mixed （C2-C6） DCA solutions in ultra-pure water and tap water solution droplets using a freezing nucleus counter at different pH, and in different water ionic conditions. The mean freezing temperature of different mixture of LMW-DCA in ultra-pure and tap water solution droplets ranged from -24.1±2.8 to -21.3±3.9℃ and -10.2±2.2 to -9.5±2.2℃, respectively. The mean freezing temperature of the control （ultra-pure and tap） water droplets （-22.6±3.5℃, 11.2±2.4℃） was also measured. The results, and their implications in atmospheric chemistry and physics of the atmosphere will be discussed.     

The study on the relationship between breakup modes and gas-liquid interfaces

Based on the linear instability analysis, the study on the relationship between breakup modes and gas-liquid Interfaces of a viscous annular liquid jet moving in two swirling gas streams has been carried out. From the numerical results of the dispersion equation, the relevancy of the breakup mode between an annular liquid jet and two liquid jets of limiting cases, namely the cylindrical liquid jet and hollow gas jet, as well as the effects of injecting factors on the instability of an annular liquid jet, is studied in detail. Considering the effects of inner and outer interface radii on the instability of the jet, it is proved that the pars-sinuous mode mainly relates to the inner interface, whereas the pars-varicose mode mainly relates to the outer interface. The results also indicate that all the forces produced by liquid jet have similar impacts on either the instability of pars-sinuous mode or pars-varicose mode due to the fact that they can affect both inner and outer gas-liquid interfaces. On the other hand, all the forces exerting only on the inner interface have more powerful effects on the instability of pars-sinuous mode, and all the forces exerting only on the outer interface have more powerful effects on the instability of pars-varicose mode. That is to say, the effects of forces are weakened greatly when penetrating the liquid jet.     

冻结距离对温度场影响的灵敏度分析

人工冻结法凿井中冻结距离对冻结壁温度场的影响范围和影响程度一直未有明确的结论,在冻结工程实测数据的基础上,通过建立附加动量BP网络的灵敏度计算模型,分析得出了不同冻结时间段下不同冻结深度的黏土层和砂层的冻结距离对温度场的影响定量分析结果,对于进一步辨识多圈管冻结壁温度场的计算模型、进行多圈管冻结设计参数的合理选取等具有一定的参考价值。