Self-assembled structure of alkyloxy substituted benzoic acid methyl ester on HOPG：An STM study

Self-assembled structures of 3,4,5-tris-dodecy-loxy benzoic acid methyl ester (E12), 3,4,5-tris-tetradecy-loxy-benzoic acid methyl ester (E14) and their mixture (E12/E14) have been studied on HOPG by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Dimer-like patterns induced by dipole-dipole interaction are observed in E12 and E14 monolayers. The molecules form close-packed rows and interdigitate with the alkyl chains in adjacent molecules. The structural differences are proposed to be from the different length of substituted alkyl chains. Owing to similar adsorption energy, phase separation is observed in the E12 and E14 mixed adlayer with different domains.     

灰色线性规划及解的探讨

灰色线性规划（GLP）是研究不确定性决策问题的一种灰色系统分析方法,它是传统线性规划（TLP）方法的一个发展,GLP方法的应用主要依赖于它的解处理的可行性,以前的方法主要是通过定义和测试“可信度”来求解,本文给出了解漂移型灰色线性规划的一种新方法。     

Thyroid hormone controls carnitine status through modifications of γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity and gene expression

The carnitine system plays a key role in β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids by permitting their transport into the mitochondrial matrix. The effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were studied on γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBH), the enzyme responsible for carnitine biosynthesis in the rat. In rat liver, BBH activity was decreased in the hypothyroid state and increased in hyperthyroid animals. The modifications in BBH activity correlated with changes in the enzyme Vmax values. These changes were shown to be related to hepatic BBH mRNA abundance. Thyroid hormones are known to interact with lipid metabolism, in particular by increasing long-chain fatty acid oxidation through activation of carnitine-dependent fatty acid import into mitochondria. Our study showed that thyroid hormones also increased carnitine bioavailability. Received 23 October 2001; received after revision 11 January 2002; accepted 15 January 2002     

图的圆色数等于其色数的充分条件

图G的圆色数xc（G）（也称为星色数）是图的色数的一种推广,给出了图的圆色数等于其色数的一些充分条件。     

Protein folds: molecular systematics in three dimensions

Advances in methods of structure determination have led to the accumulation of large amounts of protein structural data. Some 500 distinct protein folds have now been characterized, representing one-third of all globular folds that exist. The range of known structural types and the relatively large fraction of the protein universe that has already been sampled have greatly facilitated the discovery of some unifying principles governing protein structure and evolutionary relationships. These include a highly skewed distribution of topological arrangements of secondary-structure elements that favors a few very common connectivities and a highly skewed distribution in the capacity of folds to accommodate unrelated sequences. These and other observations suggest that the number of folds is far fewer than the number of genes, and that the fold universe is dominated by a small number of giant attractors that accommodate large numbers of unrelated sequences. Thus all basic protein folds will likely be determined in the near future, laying the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the biochemical and cellular functions of whole organisms.     

Investigation on the coordinate structures of the rare earth metal complexes with edta and cydta ligands

0　IntroductionThegreatattentionhasbeenpaidtorareearthorradioactiverareearthmetalcomplexesfortheirvariousbiologicactivi ties[1 3] .Forexamples,theradioactiverareearthmetal1 53SmⅢ com plexeswerewidelyusedfortumourtherapyofbrain ,liver,lung ,heartandbonetissues[4 5] ;forrareearthmetalEuⅢandTbⅢemitinguniquefluorescence ,theircompoundswereappliedfordiagnosesofvariousdiseases[6 ,7] ;forrareearthmetalGdⅢcontainingthemosthigh spinsingleelectrons,itscomplexeswereusuallyusedforcontrastagentsofmag…     

环流反应器中对苯二甲酸废水的生物降解

为有效处理对苯二甲酸废水,在有效容积为35L的环流反应器内,使用模拟废水进行实验研究。投加体积比为5%的多孔聚亚氨酯载体,以实现微生物的固定化和形成缺氧微环境。结果表明,含多孔载体的环流反应器能够有效处理对苯二甲酸废水;生物降解作用是去除对苯二甲酸的主要机制;当反应器COD容积负荷为6.95g.L-1.d-1时,COD和对苯二甲酸的去除率为98%。驯化过程研究表明,采取逐步提高进水中对苯二甲酸浓度并维持一定葡萄糖浓度的策略,能够快速启动反应器,50d达到驯化活性污泥目的。扫描电镜观察表明悬浮相污泥和载体内污泥的微生物形态有明显差别。     

关于矩阵谱条件数的估计

提供了一个可选择的矩阵条件数的估计式,应用此方法,可以改进以往相应的用QR-方法计算矩阵特征值的相关条件数估计的结果．     

Involvement of nitric oxide in the signal transduction of salicylic acid regulating stomatal movement

The effects and the relationship between sali-cylic acid(SA)and nitric oxide(NO) on Vicia faba L.stomatal movement were studied.The results here showed that exogenous SA and NO induced stomatal closure,100μmol/L SA induced a rapid and striking NO increase in the cytosol of guard cells.This phenomenon was largely prevented by 2000μmol/L 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide(PTIO),a specific NO scavenger,and 25μmol/L N^G-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME),an inhibitor of NO synthase(NOS) in mammalian cells that also inhibits plant NOS.In addition,SA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by PTIO and L-NAME.These results provide evidence that guard cells generate NO in response to SA via NOS-like activity,and that such NO production is required for full stomatal closure in response to SA.H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazole-[4,3-α]quinoxalin-l-one(ODQ),an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase,and nicotinamide,an antagonist of cADPR production,inhibited the effects of SA-and NO-induced stomatal closure.It suggests that both cGMP and cADPR might mediate the signal transduction of SA and NO-induced stomatal closure.