掺ZnO快烧波特兰水泥熟料形貌及ZnO固溶情况的研究

本文研究了掺ZnO,快烧波特兰水泥熟料的形貌及ZnO的固溶情况:这种熟料的形貌既有利于早期强度,也有利于后期强度的稳定发展;ZnO首先被中间相吸收。     

H2O2直接用于溶胶凝胶法制备氧化锌薄膜

通过将过氧化氢（H2O2）溶液直接加入传统Zn溶胶的方法制备了新溶胶,并在玻璃衬底上旋转涂敷制备ZnO薄膜.H2O2的加入提高了溶胶的稳定性,增加了溶胶的成膜性.采用紫外-可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）,差热分析法（DTA）来分析溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnO薄膜的成膜原理;使用扫描电镜（SEM）,X射线衍射（XRD）,光致发光（PL）重点研究了ZnO薄膜形貌、结构与发光特性随H2O2加入量的变化规律.研究发现：H2O2的加入使得溶胶体系中生成了新的锌-过氧络合物,溶胶内部成分的改变对溶胶性质产生重要影响并将改变ZnO薄膜的成膜过程.     

溶剂热法制ZnO纳米棒及其气敏性能

以乙酰丙酮锌为原料,采用溶剂热法首次合成了棒状ZnO纳米粉体,并对该材料在不同工作温度下的气敏性能进行了研究。通过XRD、SEM和TEM等测试手段,表征其物相与结构。该粉体为六方晶系的ZnO纳米棒,直径约为30 nm,长度约为100 nm,结晶良好。通过静态配气法发现:采用N型氧化锌纳米棒所制得的元件在270℃下,对体积分数为5×10-4的乙醇有较好的气敏性能,灵敏度为75,响应时间及恢复时间分别为30、60 s,说明制备的ZnO纳米棒是具有潜力的探测乙醇气体的气敏传感器材料。     

稀释磁性半导体Zn1-xCoxO纳米晶的合成

采用化学共沉淀法合成了稀释磁性半导体Zn1-xCoxO(x=0.01~0.42)纳米晶,X-射线衍射和红外光谱显示钴离子掺杂到氧化锌晶格中并替代了部分锌离子的占位,用振动样品磁强计研究了Zn1-xCoxO系列样品的磁性能,发现当x≤0.12时,样品呈现明显的室温铁磁性.此外,研究了合成过程中反应液的pH值、钴的掺入量和产生的沉淀等因素对Zn1-xCoxO磁性能的影响,并初步探讨了反应机理.     

量子点敏化太阳能电池ZnO光阳极的制备及性能

先用水热法合成ZnO颗粒, 再用溶胶 凝胶法将ZnO颗粒制备成量子点敏化太阳能电池光阳极, 并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和光电流密度 电压曲线分析不同厚度的六方纤锌矿型ZnO光阳极对量子点敏化太阳能电池性能的影响. 结果表明, 增加量子点的吸附面积可使ZnO光阳极的UV-Vis谱吸收带边红移, 进而提升太阳能电池的光电转换效率.     

湿化学法制备ZnO纳米流体

采用湿化学法成功制备了氧化锌（ZnO）纳米流体。用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对ZnO纳米颗粒的成分、分散性、形貌和粒径进行了分析表征;研究了醇水比（丙二醇（PG）／水）、乙酸锌浓度、反应时间、分散剂等因素对纳米流体分散稳定性和ZnO粒径的影响。结果表明,以乙酸锌（（CH3COO）2Zn·2H2O）为锌源,以氢氧化钠（NaOH）为碱源,V（丙二醇）：V（水）=3：2,乙酸锌浓度为0．1mol·L^-1,反应时间0．5h,聚乙二醇2000（PEG2000）加入1％（m（PEG2000）／m（乙酸锌）=1％）时为最佳工艺条件,产物氧化锌颗粒大小在20～30nm,分散性好,解决了团聚问题,可以稳定较长时间。     

Research progress in ZnO single-crystal: growth,scientific understanding,and device applications

Zinc oxide, a wide band-gap semiconductor, has shown extensive potential applications in high-efficiency semiconductor photoelectronic devices, semiconductor photocatalysis, and diluted magnetic semiconductors. Due to the undisputed lattice integrity, ZnO single crystals are essential for the fabrication of high-quality ZnO-based photoelectronic devices, and also believed to be ideal research subjects for understanding the underlying mechanisms of semiconductor photocatalysis and diluted magnetic semiconductors. This review, which is organized in two main parts, introduces the recent progress in growth, basic characterization, and device development of ZnO single crystals, and some related works in our group. The first part begins from the growth of ZnO single crystal, and summarizes the fundamental and applied investigations based on ZnO single crystals. These works are composed of the fabrication of homoepitaxial ZnO-based photoelectronic devices, the research on the photocatalysis mechanism, and dilute magnetic mechanism. The second part describes the fabrication of highly thermostable n-type ZnO with high mobility and high electron concentration through intentional doping. More importantly, in this part, a conceptual approach for fabricating highly thermostable p-type ZnO materials with high mobility through an integrated three-step treatment is proposed on the basis of the preliminary research.     

碳纤维/ZnO复合材料的制备和性能研究

通过对碳纤维表面进行修饰,利用低温液相沉淀法制备了碳纤维/ZnO复合材料并对其结构、形貌和发光性能进行了研究.结果显示,样品的紫外-可见吸收峰约为376nm,相应的带隙宽度约为3.30eV.由样品的荧光光谱得出,样品除了具有位于384nm的微弱的近带边紫外发光峰之外,还有位于597nm的强的绿光发光带.样品经过退火之后,绿光峰降低.这可能归于ZnO中氧空位的减少.通过对原始样品和经过退火处理样品的荧光光谱的研究得出,样品的绿光发射归于氧空位.     

负载高岭土的ZnO的制备及其光催化性能研究

以Zn（NO3）2·6H2O、C2H2O4和高岭土为原料,采用直接沉淀法合成了负载高岭土的ZnO粉体,并对其进行了X射线粉末衍射（ XRD）表征。以亚甲基蓝为目标物,研究了催化剂的用量、高岭土的负载量、煅烧温度以及亚甲基蓝的初始浓度对其光催化性能的影响。结果表明,煅烧温度为300℃、高岭土负载量为30%的ZnO光催化活性最好,在催化剂加入量为0.5 g/L,800W氙灯光照60 min的条件下,可使初始浓度为10 mg/L的亚甲基蓝脱色率达98%以上。且重复使用5次后脱色率仍在80%以上,表明所制备的复合光催化剂具有较好的催化性能和稳定性。     

Photocatalytic enhancement of Mg-doped ZnO nanocrystals hybridized with reduced graphene oxide sheets

Hybridization of Mg-doped ZnO and reduced graphene oxide(MZO–RGO) were synthesized through one pot reaction process. Crystallization of MZO–RGO upon thermal decomposition of the stearate precursors was investigated by X-ray diffraction technique. XRD studies point toward the particles size with 10–15 nm,which was confirmed by transmittance electronic microscopy,and also indicates that graphene oxide has been directly reduced into its reduced state graphene during the synthesis. Graphene hybridized MZO photocatalyst showed enhanced catalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue(MB). The degree of photocatalytic activity enhancement strongly depended both on the coverage of graphene on the surface of MZO nanoparticles and the Mg doping concentration. The sample of 2 wt% graphene hybridized 5 at% Mg-doped ZnO showed the highest photocatalytic activity,which remained good photocatalytic activity after nine cycling runs.