恶性肿瘤与弓形虫感染

概述了弓形虫病的流行概况、发病原因、传播途径及防治措施。并通过流行病学资料论述了恶性肿瘤患者对弓形虫的易感性，从而分析了弓形虫感染与恶性肿瘤之间的关系及其临床价值。     

宫颈HPV感染与宫颈瘤样病变的相关性

为了研究湘西地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与宫颈瘤样病变的相关性,为宫颈癌的早期预防提供科学参考,选取692例湘西籍患者为研究对象,所有患者均行宫颈HPV检测,以其中HPV检查结果阳性的234例患者作为观察组,阴性的234例患者作为对照组,均在阴道镜监视下进行宫颈多点活检及宫颈管搔刮病理学检查,病理检测结果分为癌前病变（CINⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ）、宫颈癌、慢性宫颈炎.结果显示：湘西地区女性中HPV感染以HPV16（25.64%）类型最多,其余依次为HPV52,HPV51,HPV58,HPV18,HPV53为常见;CIN的加重程度随HPV感染率升高,CINⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ两两比较差异具有统计意义;HPV阳性率为33.81%,HR-HPV（+）31.74%,其中单一感染HR-HPV（+）21.97%,双重或多重感染11.99%,LR-HPV（+）感染1.88%.说明在宫颈癌的筛查中高危HPV检查具有临床价值,多途径切断高危HPV感染对本地区妇女宫颈癌的一级预防具有重要意义.     

哈尔滨市幼儿园儿童及中小学生肠道线虫感染情况的调查

本文报告1964—1980年对哈尔滨市区及郊县农村儿童肠道线虫感染情况的几次调查结果。用胶玻纸拭法检查一次,幼儿园儿童和中小学生的蛲虫总阳性率为52.50％,农村小学生的蛔虫感染率为78.07％。中学生蛔虫感染率60.0％。市区先后两次蛲虫感染情况调查时间相隔16年,感染率未见明显差别,似说明此虫感染率如不采取防治措施并不随生活水平提高而自然下降。蛔虫感染则不同,14年后调查一郊县农村小学,学生蛔虫感染率明显降低。市区某校小学生蛔虫感染率20.83％。城乡儿童蛲虫感染率差别不明显,年龄以4—15岁感染率较高,男女两性感染率无显著差异。农村学生蛔虫感染有随年龄增加而感染率下降的趋势,女中学生较男中学生感染率高。几次调查只发现鞭虫感染两例。用药驱蛔,该市农村小学生排虫者多数每人排虫1—5条,平均每人排虫7.4条。肛拭前受检者大便已否对蛲虫检查结果似无重大影响。     

丙硫咪唑对幼儿蛲虫感染的防治效果观察

本文采用透明胶纸法于1989、1990年两次对海口市机关幼儿园进行蛲虫检查,并用丙硫咪唑治疗。1989年蛲虫感染的检出率为63.69％,服丙硫咪唑一年后1990年同期的检出率为54.71％,感染率较上年下降(P<0.01),1990年服用丙硫咪唑两周后复查,虫卵阴转率为88.31％。通过对该药治疗蛲虫病近、远期效果的观察比较,并探讨了如何有效地进行蛲虫病防治的问题。     

四川省邛崃市土鸭寄生虫病初步调查

临床剖检土鸭20只，通过体外及体内寄生虫检查，发现体外感染为阴性，体内寄生虫病中吸虫感染率较高，其中纤细背孔吸虫最高(45％)，感染强度大(3～57条)。并发现食道粘膜的毛细线虫卵感染率甚高(65％)，针对这些情况进行了分析，认为与本地的自然环境有着密切关系，从而为养殖户防治疾病提供依据。     

治疗胆道蛔虫病并胆道感染的有效方法

本文报道治疗胆道蛔虫病并胆道感染的一种方法.     

Antimicrobial skin peptides and proteins

Human skin is permanently exposed to microorganisms, but rarely infected. One reason for this natural resistance might be the existence of a ‘chemical barrier’ consisting in constitutively and inducibly produced antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs). Many of these AMPs can be induced in vitro by proinflammatory cytokines or bacteria. Apart from being expressed in vivo in inflammatory lesions, some AMPs are also focally expressed in skin in the absence of inflammation. This suggests that non-inflammatory stimuli of endogenous and/or exogenous origin can also stimulate AMP synthesis without inflammation. Such mediators might be ideal ‘immune stimulants’ to induce only the innate antimicrobial skin effector molecules without causing inflammation. Received 9 August 2005; received after revision 21 October 2005; accepted 16 November 2005     

How plants recognize pathogens and defend themselves

Plants have an innate immunity system to defend themselves against pathogens. With the primary immune system, plants recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) of potential pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that mediate a basal defense response. Plant pathogens suppress this basal defense response by means of effectors that enable them to cause disease. With the secondary immune system, plants have gained the ability to recognize effector-induced perturbations of host targets through resistance proteins (RPs) that mediate a strong local defense response that stops pathogen growth. Both primary and secondary immune responses in plants depend on germ line-encoded PRRs and RPs. During induction of local immune responses, systemic immune responses also become activated, which predispose plants to become more resistant to subsequent pathogen attacks. This review gives an update on recent findings that have enhanced our understanding of plant innate immunity and the arms race between plants and their pathogens. Received 24 June 2007; received after revision 18 July 2007; accepted 15 August 2007     

The possible role of glutamine in some cells of the immune system and the possible consequence for the whole animal

Glutamine is important for the function of lymphocytes and macrophages. A role for the high rate of glutamine utilisation by these cells is presented. Since muscle syntheses, stores and releases glutamine, this tissue may play a role in the immune response. Since the number of immune cells utilising glutamine may be large, the demand for glutamine from muscle, especially during trauma sepsis or burns, may be very high. A speculative suggestion is put forward that this requirement for glutamine from muscle may play a role in cachexia under some of these conditions.     

靶向TTF-1的siRNA腺相关病毒载体组装验证

为了解决靶向TTF-1的siRNA导入肺腺癌细胞的问题,设计了3条靶向NCI-H1975细胞TTF-1基因的siRNA,并将其分别构建到腺相关病毒上.在293细胞中装配病毒,收获病毒原初液后进行超滤浓缩、层析柱纯化,测定病毒滴度.重组病毒感染肺腺癌细胞系NCI-H1975,通过Western-Blot实验检测siRNA效果,利用凋亡实验验证细胞生物学效应.Western-Blot实验测得siRNA有较好的干扰效果,凋亡实验测得肺腺癌细胞NCI-H1975产生了凋亡,从而证明具有感染性的靶向TTF-1的siRNA腺相关病毒载体组装成功.