Preliminary study on land surface characteristics over Huaihe River Basin

The analysis of the flux observation dada from the Huaihe River Basin Experiment (HUBEX) shows that, in semi-humid monsoon regions, latent heat flux is as important as sensible heat flux in most situations. Moreover, it can even dominate the sensible heat flux in cropland and paddy field. This is distinct from that for arid and semi-arid regions where the sensible heat flux is dominant. Under clear sky conditions, the soil temperatures in different vertical layers all exhibit certain diurnal variations, and the magnitude decreases with depth to less than 1°C at a depth of 60 cm. This depth is considered as the transition layer for the soil moisture variation. On the other hand, the vertical profile of soil water content varies with the soil texture and even weather conditions, and the layer with maximum soil water content can also be found in Jiangji station during June 1998.     

Reservoir characteristics and genesis of high-porosity and high-permeability reservoirs in Tarim Basin

Based on detailed studies, this paper proposesthat in the Tarim Basin, hydrocarbon reservoirs widespreadeither in vertical sequences or in plane and high-porosity andhigh-permeability reservoirs are developed all over the basin.However, obvious difference and heterogeneity exist amongdifferent kinds of reservoirs. The lithologic characteristics,reservoir space types and reservoir properties in variousstrata have been probed. The result indicates that althoughthe Paleozoic carbonates have been deeply buried for a longperiod, high-quality reservoirs with the porosity of up to 5%—8% (12% as the maximum) and the permeability of10×10^-3—100×10^-3 μm² (1000×10^-3 μm² as the maximum)can be found in certain areas. These include the area withthe development of reefs and carbonate beaches, the weath-ered-crust buried-hill belts that have undergone thelong-term exposure, weathering and leaching, the area withthe development of dolomitization, and those areas that haveexperienced the resolution of carbonic acid and organic acidgenerated by the maturity of the organic matter. Finally, thegenesis of the high-porosity and high-permeability reservoirsin deep-buried conditions (with the depth more than 3500 m)have been investigated thoroughly.     

Timing and history of marine hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim craton

<正> Based on the analyses of hydrocarbon inclu-sions, K-Ar dating of authigenic illites and oil/gas-watercontact retrospection as well as other methods, the marineprimary reservoirs in the cratonic region of the Tarim Basinare found to have been formed in the late Caledonian toearly Hercynian, late Hercynian, and Himalayan, and oil andgas adjusted and redistributed in the Yanshanian (Jurassic toCretaceous) and Himalayan (Tertiary). The analyses alsoshow that the remaining primary oil accumulations aremostly formed in the late Hercynian, and the secondary oilreservoirs resulted from the adjustment and redistribution ofthe earlier accumulations during the Yanshanian and Hima-layan (especially late Himalayan), of which the Himalayan isalso the major stage of gas accumulation. The primary oilreservoirs formed in the late Hercynian mostly occur withinthe Paleozoic formation, whereas the secondary reservoirsformed in the Himalayan in the Mesozoic. The late adjust-ment and redistribution of reservoirs in the craton region ofthe Tarim Basin is ubiquitous because of the intensified tec-tonic movements since the Mesozoic, especially Cenozoic andintrusion of the high- to over-mature gas. Furthermore, thelower amplitude of reservoirs in the craton region also makesthem easier to be adjusted and redistributed. Therefore, theremaining paleo-uplift and palaeo-slope developed in rela-tively stable tectonic regions are the main potential areas forthe middle-large marine reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.     

太湖地区新石器时代以来文化断层的成因探讨

多年来考古发掘表明，太湖地区乃至整个长江三角洲地区许多新石器化遗址中普遍存在多期化断层，取而代之的是在连续的化层序中出现不含化遗物的自然沉积地层。 本通过对太湖地区化断层与特征沉积物（埋藏古树和埋藏泥炭）时空分布的比较研究，并结合典型剖面所反映的古气候演变状况，分析研究结果表明：太湖地区普遍存在着两层埋藏古树和埋藏泥炭层，它们的年代与化断层形成时代具有良好的对应关系；各期化断层的形成均非海侵造成，而是与全新世中晚期气候－海面波动有关。崧泽晚期化断层的形成主要是由于海面上升，地下水位抬高，引起地表低洼处泥炭沼泽的扩大所致，而良渚晚期化断层则是因大规模的陆地洪水泛滥，引起地表水域扩张造成的；唐宋前期化断层与太湖水系的变迁密切相关。 在整个历史时期，太湖水系大致沿着三江→湖泊→水网化的方向演变。本区湖面曾几度扩展，这是该期化断层形成的主要原因。     

莘县凹陷盆地模拟结果的地质解释

利用盆地模拟方法对勘探程度较低的莘县凹陷进行了油气生成和排出的定量模拟研究.讨论了模拟所需主要参数的确定方法,对模拟结果进行了地质解释.着重分析了主力生油层系的埋藏受热史、成熟度史及生、排油量史,初步划分了供油单元.研究指出,本区主力生油层系为下第三系沙三中下段,其次为沙四段.与相邻地区比,它们埋藏较浅,经受的最高地温及目前有机质的成熟度均偏低,总体上尚处于主要生油阶段的早中期.因主要排油期发生较晚,致使油气近距离运移为主,禹城洼陷和梁水镇洼陷两个主要油源区控制着凹陷中最有远景区的分布.     

鄂尔多斯盆地下古生界成岩后生作用及储集性

以最新资料研究表明，鄂尔多斯盆地下古生界存在４种主要的成岩后生作用，５个储集空间形成阶段和４个天然气储集层。     

汉中盆地枯水径流基本特征和枯水资源利用的主要对策

运用径流比值法结合频率分析将汉中盆地河流枯水期划分为冬枯期和夏枯期,基于水文地质、气象气候与人为活动等影响因素分析了该区枯水径流的时空分布规律,并进一步探讨汉中盆地枯水资源利用与管理的主要对策。     

陕北长6油层组短期基准面旋回与储层非均质性的关系

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长６油层组为一套砂、泥薄互层的组合类型,储层非均质性很强,尤以层间的非均质性最为严重,明显受基准面升、降,和可容纳空间及沉积物供给量的变化影响。通过高分辨率层序地层的短期基准面升、降旋回过程与储集物性关系的分析,建立了６种不同沉积微相的非均质性模式,探讨了向上变深、向上变浅的非对称型和向上变深后复变浅的对称型短期基准面旋回层序对储层非均质性特征的控制作用