神经网络在成组技术方面的应用

阐述了成组技术及其在高级制造技术中的作用，在此基础上描述了神经网络在零件编码分类系统中的应用以及用神经网络设计制造单元的方法。     

全球气候变化与塔里木盆地古城绿洲演变关系

我国西部地区地形复杂,气候的地域差异性大.特别是青藏高原的突起给塔里木盆地的环境带来了巨大的变化,导致盆地气温降水的突变.从而使塔里木盆地水流分布状态发生改变,导致盆地中原有的古绿洲的蜕变,进而直接影响到整个人类的发展历史.历史研究表明,塔里木盆地气候服从于全球气候变化,并且与某些人文事件,特别是古城绿洲兴盛与消亡有着十分一致的耦合关系.所以,全球环境变化对古城绿洲发展影响重大.     

凡勃伦与马克思制度经济学思想比较

从理论来源、分析方法等方面比较了凡勃伦与马克思制度经济思想，指出二者虽然在理论来源、分析方法等方面有较大的区别，但也有一些相互融通的地方，同时，马克思经济思想给早期的制度经济学的发展开辟了更广的出路与领域。     

Evolutionary and ecological implications of cardenolide sequestration in the monarch butterfly

Summary Monarch butterflies sequester cardenolides from their larval host plants in the milkweed genusAsclepias for use in defense against predation. Of 108Asclepias species in North America, monarchs are known to feed as larvae on 27. Research on 11 of these has shown that monarchs sequester cardenolides most effectively, to an asymptote of approximately 350 g/0.1 g dry butterfly, from plants with intermediate cardenolide contents rather than from those with very high or very low cardenolide contents. SinceAsclepias host plant species are distributed widely in space and time across the continent, monarchs exploit them by migration between breeding and overwintering areas. After overwintering in central Mexico, spring migrants east of the Rocky Mountains exploit three predominantAsclepias species in the southern USA that have moderately high cardenolide contents. Monarchs sequester cardenolides very effectively from these species. First generation butterflies are thus well protected against predators and continue the migration north. Across the northern USA and southern Canada most summer breeding occurs on a fourthAsclepias species and in autumn most of these monarchs migrate back to Mexican overwintering sites. The ecological implications of this cycle of cardenolide sequestration for the evolution of monarch migration are discussed.     

真蓝甲藻(Gymnodinium eucyanochroum Tseng Sp.nov.)的亚微结构、色素性质及其在藻类进化中的意义

本文报告了在南京发现的蓝色裸甲藻,测定了它的藻胆色素。证明蓝色藻胆蛋白不是山“胞内蓝藻”(Cyanellen)所提供。电子显微镜的扫描表明细胞表面有众多的突起,不是光滑的;横沟内的鞭毛不是“带状”而是由细纤维丝膜状物拉着的螺旋形。透视电子显微镜观察表明,该藻有两个类型的细胞核,即“甲藻核结构”(Dinocaryotic structure)和“真核结构”,(Eucaryotic Structure),真核与叶绿体有一个共同的膜的包被,有一个与原生动物相近似的伸缩泡系统。叶绿体是分枝状,在细胞的边缘位,但也有其它形态。有淀粉颗粒而无“造粉核”或称”“蛋白核”(Pyrenoid),多数位于叶绿体外或之间,类囊体与一般甲藻不同,不是三个排成一条“带”而是两个排列成“带”。有发达的线粒体,和高尔基体;鞭毛不论纵沟内的或横沟内的,其横切面,均为9+2的形式,其纵切面是由纤维丝成束的结构。蓝色色素提取物,可见光最大吸收峰为456nm,与隐藻藻胆色素十分相似。从细胞亚微结构及其色素性质,作者认为它是藻类演化过程中的一个中间类型的甲藻共生体。     

Misuses of biology in the context of the paranormal

Summary Public suspicion of science stems from science's challenging of perceptions and myths about reality, and a public fear of new technology. The result is a susceptibility to pseudoscience. In claiming that creation science is as valid as evolution the creationists misquote scientists and seek to spread their own scientific myths concerning a young age for the earth, an act of creation based on a particular literalist interpretation of the Christian Bible and a single worldwide flood. They use methods of debate and politics, rather than scientific research. A selection of their arguments is examined and the nature of the evidence for evolution is discussed. Problems with the creation science model are noted. In the myth of the hundredth monkey phenomenon, original research is misquoted to denigrate scientific research and support sentimental ideas of paranormal events. The misuse of science is seen as damaging to society because it reduces the effective gathering and application of scientific information. However, pseudoscience provides a valuable guide to gaps in public scientific education.     

一类捕食者——食饵模型的定性分析

本文对一类捕食者——食饵模型进行定性分析,得到了非平凡平衡点全局稳定性的条件和正平衡点周围存在唯一极限环的充分条件,并且本文给出了1个关于这类系统“大范围”极限环的存在唯一性定理。     

Comparative aspects of structure and action of molluscan neuropeptides

A number of neuropeptides were isolated from the ganglia and muscles of molluscs, and their actions were examined. Diverse neuropeptides, in addition to several classical neurotransmitters, were suggested to be involved in the regulation of the anterior byssus retractor muscle ofMytilus. A wide structural variety of members of theMytilus inhibitory peptide family was observed in each of the generaMytilus, Achatina andHelix. Gly-Trp-NH₂, the C-terminal dipeptide fragment of the neuropeptide AGPWamide, showed a more potent action than the parent peptide in all of the muscles examined. Peptides related to some molluscan neuropeptides were found to be distributed interphyletically. Some neuropeptides containing ad-amino acid residue were found inAchatina andMytilus. These aspects of molluscan neuropeptides are thought not to be exceptional.     

龙门山北段早泥盆世Polygnathus的演化和古生态

龙门山北段早泥盆世牙形石动物群和Polygnathus的面貌与澳大利亚等地有惊人的相似之处。由Polygnathus dehiscens dehiscens→P.nothoperbonus→P.inversus→P.serotinus,以及由P.perbonus→P.labiosus→P.declinatus(=“P.pseudoserotinus”)的演化路线已经观察到。该序列主要繁盛于底栖相区。即使在同一生物地理区内,Polyg-nathus各分子的分布也受到相的控制,从而形成不同的演化路线。该文还简要描述了几个重要属种,其中有一新种和一未定种。     

基于掺铕钨酸盐荧光强度比的非接触温度传感

为了突破传统测温技术应用的局限性,利用NaY （WO₄）₂：Eu³⁺玻璃陶瓷（glass ceramics,GC）实现了具有非接触、实时响应、自校准等优势的双模荧光强度比（luminescence intensity ratio,LIR）测温。采用高温熔融淬灭法制备出含NaY （WO₄）₂：Eu³⁺纳米晶的透明GC样品,并进行系列光谱测量和热敏性能分析。结果表明,样品中Eu³⁺的激发态能级⁵D₁和⁵D₀和基态能级⁷F₂和⁷F₀为两对独立的热耦合能级,可分别基于这两对热耦合能级实现性能优异的双模LIR温度传感。该双模LIR测温技术数据可靠、测温范围广、灵敏度高,再结合GC材料优势,是可用于光纤温度传感器的核心技术材料。