反义RNA阻抑基因表达的精确模型——萤火虫荧光素酶基因-爪蟾卵母细胞系统

80年代建立的“反义基因操作技术”不仅打破了通过基因突变认识基因的局限,成为了解基因功能新的有效工具.而且,还拓宽了借助基因操作治疗疾病和改良植物品质的应用途径。虽然,至今仍未取得真核细胞能利用自身存在的反义RNA调节基因表达的证据,但是,人工构建的反义RNA或反义基因能有效地抑制细胞内源或外源基因的暂时性或稳定性表达已有越来越多的报道.只是对抑制机理,最适抑制条件等仍了解很少.本文报道含荧光素     

从微量全血直接进行反转录-聚合酶链反应

在转录水平上研究基因表达及调控,通常要求制备纯度高、未降解的总RNA。提取总RNA的方法一般较复杂。Kawasaki描述过一个从1—2ml全血制备RNA的方法。本文报道了一个更为简便的从微量全血不经抽提RNA直接进行RT-PCR的方法。即将2—20μ1全血低渗破红细胞,离心得到白细胞沉淀,在有RNA酶抑制剂存在的条件下再低渗使白细胞破坏,释放出RNA。此液直接用于RT—PCR,并与用AGPC法抽提的总RNA为     

反义技术分离筛选抑制Vero细胞非定标性突变的cDNA片段

甲基硝基亚硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）可诱发猴肾Ｖｅｒｏ细胞的遗传不稳定,在发生表达改变的表达序列标识（ＥＳＴ）中,筛选到１个片段（片段９）,它的相关基因表达被阻断后,ＭＮＮＧ诱发的非定标突变率显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）。表明其相关基因的编码产物具有维持遗传稳定性,抑制哺乳类细胞非定标突变发生的功能。     

21世纪的RNA研究

美国<科学>周刊分别于2001年、2002年初评出上一年度的世界十大科学突破,RNA研究均位居第二:生命可能始于RNA,而非DNA;RNA干扰在使哺乳动物细胞的基因表达沉默和RNA在调控方面的很多新发现超出了科学家原先的想象.国际上,RNA研究正在受到人们前所未有的关注.     

AC2 and AC4 proteins of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tobacco curly shoot virus</Emphasis> mediate suppression of RNA silencing

Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus Y10 isolate (TYLCCNV-Y10) alone could systemically infect host plants such as Nicotiana benthamiana without symptoms. In contrast, Tobacco curly shoot virus Y35 isolate (TbCSV-Y35) alone induces leaf curl symptoms in N. benthamiana. When inoculated into transgenic N. benthamiana plants expressing GFP gene (line 16c), TYLCCNV-Y10 neither reverses the established GFP silencing nor blocks the onset of GFP silencing. In contrast, TbCSV-Y35 can partially reverse the established GFP silencing and block the onset of GFP silencing in new leaves. In the patch co-infiltration assays, the AC2 and AC4 proteins of TYLCCNV-Y10 and TbCSV-Y35 could suppress local GFP silencing and delay systemic GFP silencing, suggesting that they are suppressors of RNA silencing. Comparison of the accumulation levels of GFP mRNA in the co-infiltration patches showed that Y10 AC2 and Y35 AC2 proteins had similar efficiency for suppression of RNA silencing. However, Y35 AC4 protein functioned as a stronger suppressor of RNA silencing than Y10 AC4 protein. There-fore, the pathogenicity difference between TbCSV-Y35 and TYLCCNV-Y10 may be related to the functional difference in their AC4 proteins.     

Lymphotactin enhances the in-vitro immune efficacy of dendritoma formed by dendritic cells and mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Objective: To investigate the in-vitro antitumor immune responses of dendritoma formed by mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and lymphotactin (Lptn) gene modified dendritic cells (DCs). Method: DCs prepared from mouse bone marrow were genetically modified by lymphotactin adenovirus, and fused with H22 cells by polyethylene glycol (PEG). RT-PCR and ELISA were employed to identify lymphotactin expression at mRNA and protein level. Cell phenotypes and fusion efficiency was detected by FACS. The stimulatory effect of DC on T cells was detected by mixed lymphocyte reaction. The cytotoxicity activity against H22 cells was assayed by LDH method. Results: Lymphotactin could be efficiently expressed by DCLptn/H22 hybridoma. DCLptn/H22 cells could induce potent T cell proliferation effect and generate strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) reaction against allogenic H22 cells. Conclusion: Lymphotactin genetic modification could enhance the in vitro immune activity of the dendritoma.     

cDNA cloning and functional analysis of 4-coumarate --CoA: ligase (4CL) gene in Chinese white aspen

cDNA encoding 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) was isolated from the secondary developing xylem of Chinese white aspen (Populus tomentosa) by RT-PCR for the first time, which was 1619 bp in length. The coding sequence and putative amino acid sequence showed 97.53% and 97.00% identity to that of Pt4CL1 in quaking aspen (P. tremuloids), respectively. Molecular analysis indicated that 4CL was encoded by multiple genes in P.tomentosa, its mRNA was highly accumulated in xylem and the expression of 4CL revealed a biphasic pattern in one growing season, almost in phase with the expression of other related enzymes in lignin biosynthesis. Transgenic research showed that expression of antisense 4CL cDNA led to the decreasing of lignin content in transgenic tobaccos, among which the average reduction was 10.3% and the highest could be up to 18.9%. These data suggested that 4CL gene was a potential gene used in altering lignin biosynthesis by biotechnology for producing new materials of papermaking.     

Study of apolipoprotein E genetic polymorphism in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction

Objective: To explore the frequency and significance of ApoE gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods: Polymerase chain reaction and gene sequencing, single nucleotide polymorphisms of ApoE gene were used to analyze 33 cases of patients with ACI and 35 controls. Results: The frequencies of ApoE gene single nucleotide polymorphisms 465C/G, 462C/G and 451delC in the ACI group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The prevalence of polymorphism 486G/T in the control group was significantly higher than that in the ACI group (P=0.011). Conclusions: 465C/G,462C/G and 451delC polymorphisms might be associated with ACI.486GT allele might have protective effect on the pathogenesis of ACI.     

RNA二级结构预测的模糊模型

基于模糊集合理论，提出了RNA二级结构预测的模糊模型．该模型通过状态空间的模糊分割以及模糊目标的引入等，可有效利用模糊动态规划算法给出该模糊模型的最优决策序列，并进而获得待预测RNA最优与次优的二级结构．基于模糊模型的方法具有许多优点，如计算复杂性的降低，最优与多个次优二级结构的一并获得，以及定性先验知识的有效融入等．完整地给出了RNA二级结构的模糊模型及其计算方法，并进行了具体的实现．将一个具体的BJK模糊模型结构实际应用于tRNA及tmRNA的数据集中，并与基于最小自由能的mfold工具以及基于SCFG的BJK文法模型进行了比较研究．实验结果表明该模型的有效性，相应的预测精度得到了进一步的提高．     

一个快速进化的microRNA家族

microRNAs(miRNAs)是长约22nt的非编码RNA,它可通过降解mRNA或抑制其翻译来调控基因。本文简要介绍了miRNAs的研究背景,阐述了通过比较近缘物种中非保守的miRNA基因来研究miRNAs分子进化的理由。我们的研究结果证实miRNA基因会受到达尔文正选择的影响,发生快速的进化。这一结果将为我们了解非蛋白编码基因的功能与进化提供崭新的视角。