新疆奇台110米射电望远镜

计划在新疆奇台建设的110米射电望远镜(简称QTT)将位居国际一流大科学装置之列,成为世界最大的全向可转动射电望远镜.QTT在引力波探测、黑洞发现、恒星形成、星系起源等基础科学研究领域将发挥重要作用,并可发展应用于深空探测,如探月工程和火星、金星探测.QTT设计方案考虑多种科学目标的需求,其关键技术包括:大口径天线结构设计技术、天线主动面技术、大惯量机架精密伺服控制技术、超宽带馈源技术、低噪声放大器技术、多波束接收技术等.QTT关键技术的突破与应用,将促进我国信息、精密机械加工和自动控制等工程技术领域的发展.QTT各系统建设将以自主创新为主,通过国际合作引进和采用相关尖端技术完成.     

鹅掌楸属树种物候观测和杂种家系苗光合日变化

成年掌楸属树种萌动、发芽或展叶期的先后次序依资助为反交杂种、北美鹅掌楸、正交杂种、鹅掌楸，但正交杂种展叶速度快于其它被观测植株。正反交杂种花期持续时间均比双亲的长。杂种和亲本的花期之间有较长交叉时间（14d）。参试4个杂种家系和1个掌楸鹅掌楸家系苗期光合日变化特点有异：回交家系呈现单峰型变化曲线，峰值下降缓慢；正交家系及F1个体间杂交家系出现双峰曲线；鹅掌楸与反交家系均为单峰曲线，且峰值出现后净光合速率下降迅速。其净光合速率由高至低的排序依次为回交家系、正交家系、反交家系、鹅掌楸、F1个体间杂交家系。多数家系的净光合速率与胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾作用、气温、叶温、光合有效辐射等因子密切相关，但不同家系与这些因子相关关系不尽相同。反交杂种表现出成年树具有萌动早、展叶早、开花早、花期持续时间长的特点；苗期净光合速率与胞间CO2浓度相关不显。     

Evolution of dark energy–dark matter-coupled expanding universe

The present universe is dominated by repulsive dark energy. It is natural that the coupling between the dark energy and the attractive gravity has to be taken into account in studying the evolution of our universe. Here, we induce an evolution equation for dark energy-dark matter- coupled universe. The solutions of the dynamic equation provide a specific picture of cosmic evolution, which is well compatible with current observed evolution histories of both Hubble parameter and equation of state parameter of dark energy. In this picture, the already observed uni- verse has undergone through three epochs the epoch of equilibrium between gravity and dark energy at cosmo- logical redshifts z 〉 1, the phase transition epoch at z between about 0.5 and 1, and the present acceleration epoch starting from z≌ 0.5. The expected matter-domi- nated deceleration epoch has not been seen yet, which requires future deep observations to look back upon more early universe.     

不完全量测下光电跟踪系统估计误差分析

为了评估跟踪系统在不完全量测下的跟踪性能,该文利用投影定理给出了修正的去偏转换量测卡尔曼滤波(UCMKF)算法,进一步利用修正的黎卡提方程与修正的克拉美-罗下界(CRLB)给出了跟踪系统统计意义下估计误差协方差一致有界的充分条件,以及跟踪系统统计意义下CRLB的一组递推上下界。最后,Monte-Carlo仿真表明:随着采样时间的增加,递推上下界逐渐逼近了跟踪系统统计意义下CRLB的枚举真值。     

用地震定位方法研究矿山爆破中的地震波传播速度

综合叙述了地震定位方法研究地震波传播速度的3个步骤：走时方程线性化,解线性方程组以及将计算结果作为预设初始值利用Powell算法进行优化。分析讨论了3种检波器典型几何分布的观测系统,得出检波器十字型分布观测系统精度最高的结论。并将检波器十字型分布观测系统应用到野外矿区实际地震资料采集中,利用矿山施工时的爆破作为震源。此次研究,所用检波器数目多,分布范围广,所得结果精度高。     

Classical Theory of Advance of Perihelion of Mercury with Velocity Dependent Inertial and Gravitational Masses

ThefascinationexertedonmanybrilliantphysicistsofourtimebyEinstein,stheoryofgeneralrelativityiscausedmainlybytworeasons:l)ThetheoryisabletoexplainthesecularmotionofMercury,sperihelionandgivesforitavalueof43.2"perhundredyears,whichisinsplendidaccordancewiththecorrespondingvalueascertainedbytheastronomers.2)ThetheoryPredictsadeflectionofstarlightbytheSun,givingadeviationofaboutl.72"fromthestraightline,whichisobserved,too.Furthermore,thereexistsuntilnownoothertheory,whichcanexplainthesetwoeffect…     

日食前后太阳黑子磁场的观测及其应用

根据日环食射电联合观测研究的课题需要,用北京天文台高分辨率的太阳磁场望远镜,于1987年9月22、24日对太阳黑子的纵向磁场进行了观测,经过换算得到23日日食时有关黑子的磁场分布及其月掩情况。这些结果不但大为改善了有关射电源的光学证认,而且有助于进一步研究黑子上空缓变射电辐射的方向性,二维分布以及亮温度的极小点等特性,     

Experimental earth tidal models in considering nearly diurnal free wobble of the Earth''''s liquid core

Based on the 28 series of the high precision and high minute sampling tidal gravity observations at 20 stations in Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) network, the resonant parameters of the Earth's nearly diurnal free wobble (including the eigenperiods, resonant strengths and quality factots) are precisely determined. The discrepancy of the eigenperiod between observed and theoretical values is studied, the important conclusion that the real dynamic ellipticity of the liquid core is about 5% larger than the one under the static equilibrium assumption is approved by using our gravity technique. The experimental Earth's tidal gravity models with considering the nearly diurnal free wobble of the Earth's liquid core are constructed in this study. The numerical results show that the difference among three experimental models is less than 0.1%, and the largest discrepancy compared to those widely used nowdays given by Dehant (1999) and Mathews (2001) is only about 0.4%. It can provide with the most recent real     

基于LS-SVM的无人机费用预测

无人机费用预测是在装备研制设计阶段就必须考虑的重要问题。针对无人机费用预测小样本、具有不确定性等特点,提出了基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM,Least Squares Support Vector Machines)的无人机费用预测模型,并应用于研制费用、维修保障费用预测。应用结果表明,LS-SVM具有较高的费用预测精度。     

西汉夏侯灶墓出土天文仪器新探

安徽阜阳西汉汝阴侯夏侯灶墓中出土有一件"不知名漆器",功能不明。经分析,该器物带有测定春秋分和冬夏至正午影长的功能,是迄今所见的我国历史上最早的圭表实物。另外,学界对该墓出土"二十八宿盘"的功能争论不决。经研究,同墓出土的"栻盘架"可以把该盘支撑到赤道面内,从而形成迄今所见最早且具有确定年代的赤道式观测仪器。