高速公路出行距离特征分析与应用

为分析高速公路出行距离特征与快速准确地计算高速公路起讫点(origin-destination,OD)矩阵,通过统计收费数据探寻不同车型的出行距离特征,并结合收费站点区域的联系强度构建OD估算模型。根据车型分类标准对收费数据进行分车型整合处理,利用频数分析和曲线拟合建立出行特征函数,并利用空模型法模拟客车和货车距离衰减规律;根据收费站不同行车区间内出行概率与节点间的联系强度,建立基于驾驶员出行特征的OD估算模型并进行实例分析。结果显示:河北省客、货车出行距离区间分别集中在50～150 km与100～300 km;距离衰减系数分别为1.08和1.205,不同于默认值2,随距离的增加有显著的衰减趋势;客车和货车最佳拟合函数分别为对数正态分布和正态分布,OD估算结果误差小于5%。     

基于本体的安防监控指挥系统设备集成及联动控制

 针对目前在智能安防监控指挥系统中实现设备集成与联动控制的困难,提出了基于本体描述的设备集成方法,设计了新一代安防监控指挥系统的通用体系结构。该结构中首先使用本体描述设备、事件、命令之间的关系,然后定义设备、事件与联动响应动作之间的映射关系,实现面向组合的联动策略设计。在事件响应的核心业务模型中,提出利用多队列缓冲的信号接收技术处理联动设备的事件响应,并给出了具体的响应算法描述。系统有效解决了异构系统(设备)的统一接入问题。实验结果证明,整个系统架构具有较好的可维护性,并在信号的实时处理上具有高可靠性。     

建筑设备智能化集成系统浅析

该文主要从建筑设备智能化集成系统的实现方式、通讯协议、功能需求、管理对象、集成模式等方面进行介绍和分析,说明建筑设备智能化系统的集成应用,已经成为智能大厦弱电系统技术发展的必然趋势.     

Construction of AFLP-based genetic linkage maps for the Chinese shrimp Fenneropaeneus chinensis

Fenneropaeneus chinensis is an important species in marine fishery resources and aquaculture in China. A genetic linkage map is essential for improving the efficiency of its breeding by marker-assisted selection and identifying commercially important genes. Linkage maps of F. chinensis were constructed with an F2 mapping population （110 progenies） using amplified fragment length polymorphic （AFLP） marker in this study. Fifty-five AFLP primer combinations produced 532 AFLP markers fitting for map strategy in mapping family. The markers with 3：1 segregating ratios were analyzed using F2 intercross model for the common linkage map, while the markers with 1：1 ratio were analyzed using the pseudo-testcross strategy. The maps of male, female and common were constructed. The female map included 103 markers that formed 28 linkage groups, covering a total length of 1090 cM. All markers were linked with the linkage groups. Segregation distortion was observed for 6 of 103 markers in the female map. The average distance between markers was 14.53 cM and ranged from 4.4 to 24.8 cM. The male map included 144 markers that formed 35 linkage groups. Ten markers remained unlinked in male map. Segregation distortion was observed for 7 of 144 markers in the male map. The total distance of male map covered 1617 cM. The average distance between markers was 16.36 cM. The male map was 32.6% longer than the female map, which may reflect sex-specific recombination rates in Chinese shrimp. The common map was composed of 216 markers, including in 44 linkage groups covering a total distance of 1772.1 cM. Two markers remained unlinked. No distorted markers of 216 markers were shown in the common map. The distance between markers was 10.42 cM. An average estimated genome size for the Chinese shrimp was 2420 cM, which was consistent with the relative size of the Penaeid genome. The distribution of AFLP markers was relatively even in chromosomes of Chinese shrimp maps. The linkage analysis presented in this work provided some insight     

The design of a novel parallel haptic device

A novel haptic device which is characterized by large workspace, high rigidity, simple kinematics and easy construction is presented. This device is a parallel mechanism which is composed of a base plate, three sub-chains, and a mobile plate. Each sub-chain is attached to the base plate through a pin joint and to the top plate through a spherical joint. The sub-chain is derived from and kinematically equivalent to a pantograph linkage but is redesigned to solve the difficult problem of motor-fitting. The spherical joint is of the ball-in-socket type, but has much larger workspace than its regular counterpart. The kinematics is analyzed, and the inverse kinematics analysis is performed with a geometric approach. The complete workspace is readily obtained with the spherical coordinate system searching method. The optimal value of the cone angle of the spherical joint is shown to be 100°.     

科研机构有机式组织结构模式探析——以AIST为例

科研机构是国家创新体系的重要组成部分,在各国产业技术发展中起着积极的推动作用。以日本产业技术综合研究所(AIST)为例,探讨了知识经济背景下科研机构有机式组织构模式的特征:组织结构扁平化、运作团队化、内部分权化;组织外部关系网络化、国际化;技术转移组织机制一体化。同时,也分析了其对我国科研机构的组织结构的演进的借鉴意义。     

求解平面连杆机构位置问题的牛顿法

从平面连杆机构的闭环矢量方程出发,介绍了求解平面连杆机构位置问题的牛顿迭代法.通过对典型平面连杆机构的分析,说明其在机构运动分析中的具体应用方法,并给出相应实例验证该方法的有效性,同时还介绍了机构运动分析中迭代初值的计算方法.     

磁链轨迹法在变频调速系统中的应用

为了研究多样化的电动机变频调速方法并推出更加简便易行的系统,在分析磁链轨迹理论的基础上,探讨了一种把电力电子逆变器与电动机视为一体的调速方法。利用改变电力电子逆变器工作模式的方法,产生一组电压空间矢量,该电压空间矢量在电动机定子内的磁链轨迹为逼近圆形的正多边形。磁链的旋转角速度可以通过插入零电压矢量的方法改变,从而实现电动机的变频调速。研究结果表明:该系统具有物理概念清晰,系统结构简单,易于微机实现的特点。     

勤务编排问题的关联度识别型遗传算法

为了提高遗传算法求解勤务编排问题时的优化性能,提出一种关联度识别型遗传算法。算法根据勤务的组成结构定义基因关联度,以量化基因之间的联结关系。据此引入基因座优化算子,将勤务集合划分为若干子集合,依次调整各勤务子集对应的染色体结构,使关联度较强的变量基因位置较为靠近。基于这种染色体结构设计多点交叉算子,根据相邻基因的关联度选择交叉点位置,分基因片段完成交叉操作,以便于交叉算子高效交换积木块,达到提高遗传算法寻优效率的目的。实验结果证明,该算法能够有效地求解勤务编排问题。     

一种太阳能驱动自行小车模型设计

利用四杆机构的工作特性,通过内联传动,完成以太阳能为动力源,能够自动转向并且按预定轨迹运行的自行小车模型设计,很好地利用了四杆机构的机械特性,达到了运用简单机构实现复杂运动的目的,同时也体现了低碳环保的理念.