The use of 5-fluorocytosine and ketoconazole in the culture of the erythrocytic stages ofPlasmodium falciparum and some tumor cell lines

Summary In vitro culture systems are often contaminated by bacteria and fungi. It is therefore often necessary to supplement culture media with agents such as penicillin/streptomycin, gentamycin or amphotericin B. The latter cannot be used in the in vitro culture of erythrocytic stages ofP. falciparum, and thus anti-fungal agents have not been regularly used in this system. We describe the prophylactic use of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and ketoconazole (KTZ) in tissue cultures at concentrations up to 300 and 10 g/ml respectively which have no effect on the growth ofP. falciparum (FCR-3 strain). A melanoma cell line (C32) and a line of uterine carcinoma (C41) were also unaffected by similar concentrations of 5-FC and KTZ. When dissolved in complete culture medium (RPMI 1640) with 10% human plasma, the minimum inhibitory concentration of 5-FC for a susceptible strain ofCandida remained below 2 g/ml. These experiments suggest that 5-FC (at 50 g/ml) alone or in combination with KTZ (at 1 g/ml) is a useful addition to the armamentarium of antimicrobials available to the tissue culture biologist for a variety of cell culture systems.     

Antiproliferative effects of 4′, 5′-unsaturated adenine nucleosides on leukemia L 1210 cells in vitro

Summary Several 4, 5-unsaturated adenine nucleosides were shown to have antiproliferative activity against L 1210 leukemia cells in vitro. The active nucleosides were cytotoxic to the L 1210 cells as demonstrated by Trypan Blue uptake. The cytotoxicity was not induced by alterations in the ribonucleoside and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate levels of the L 1210 cells.     

Preferential hydrophobic interactions are responsible for a preference of D-amino acids in the aminoacylation of 5′-AMP with hydrophobic amino acids

We have studied the chemistry of aminoacyl AMP to model reactions at the 3 terminus of aminoacyl tRNA for the purpose of understanding the origin of protein synthesis. The present studies relate to the D, L preference in the esterification of 5-AMP. All N-acetyl amino acids we studied showed faster reaction of the D-isomer, with a generally decreasing preference for D-isomer as the hydrophobicity of the amino acid decreased. The -branched amino acids, Ile and Val, showed an extreme preference for D-isomer. Ac-Leu, the -branched amino acid, showed a slightly low D/L ratio relative to its hydrophobicity. The molecular basis for these preferences for D-isomer is understandable in the light of our previous studies and seems to be due to preferential hydrophobic interaction of the D-isomer with ademine. The preference for hydrophobic D-amino acids can be decreased by addition of an organic solvent to the reaction medium. Conversely, peptidylation with Ac-PhePhe shows a preference for the LL isomer over the DD isomer.     

Control of the cardiovascular system ofAplysia by identified neurons

The neural network that controls the cardiovascular system ofAplysia adapts cardiovascular function to a variety of different physiological and behavioral situations. It (1) coordinates the cardiovascular system with the renal and respiratory systems; (2) modifies both systemic and regional blood flow during food-elicited arousal and feeding; and (3) changes the tension of longitudinal vascular muscle to adapt the arterial tree to changes in body shape. Indirect evidence suggests that the cardiovascular control circuit may also play a role in maintaining homeostasis during egg laying. Several putative neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, serotonin, R151 and R152 peptides, have been localized to identified neurons in this circuit.     

Axillary 5α-androst-16-en-3-one in men and women: Relationships with olfactory acuity to odorous 16-androstenes

Summary Axillary 5-androst-16-en-3-one (5-androstenone) levels were found to be significantly higher in men than in women but do not vary between left and right axillae, are not related to age, handedness or degree of hirsutism (in women) nor to anosmia to this steroid. In men (but not in women), levels are related linearly to axillary cholesterol concentrations but not to squalene. Olfactory thresholds for 5-androstenone varied widely, the lowest recorded being 0.2 ppb, but there was no difference in thresholds between men and women. Women (70%) found the smell repellant but anosmia did not differ greatly between men and women (9–20%). Anosmia to the smell of 5-androst-16-en-3-ol was most marked in women (90%) rather than in men (45%). Axillary 5-androstenone values were generally consistent with the musky or strong smells of male axillary extracts, compared with the sweet smell of those from female subjects.Supported by the Herbert Dunhill Trust.     

基于微波法快速合成短棒状SBA-15的探析

以非离子表面活性剂P123作为模板,正硅酸乙酯作为硅源,运用微波法快速合成短棒状介孔分子筛材料SBA-15。合成的短棒状SBA-15具有分散性好,孔径高度有序及长径比小的特点,能够更有效地应用于吸附分离、电化学传感器、催化剂载体和能量储存等方面。     

杂环多苯基β-氨基酮类化合物的合成

常温下,乙醇作溶剂,无配体参与,以1-苯基-3-甲基-吡唑啉酮-5、芳香醛和芳香胺为原料,在CuMCM-41作催化剂下,三组分"一锅法"实现了C-C键和C-N键的同时合成,共合成了15种新的杂环多苯基β-氨基酮类化合物.探讨了溶剂和催化剂对反应的影响,产物结构通过IR、~1 H NMR和元素分析确定.实验结果表明,当原料摩尔比为2.1∶2.0∶2.0,乙醇用量为4~5mL,0.2mmol的Cu-MCM-41分子筛作催化剂时,产率可达76%~89%.该方法具有操作简单、无需碱性介质和配体参与、溶剂选择要求低、条件温和、产率高、选择性高等特点.     

miR-194-5p通过Wnt5a抑制肝星状细胞活化

为研究miR-194-5p对肝星状细胞(HSCs)活化的影响及作用机制,采用CCK-8、β-半乳糖苷酶染色、Transwell、划痕、集落形成实验和RT-qPCR、Western blot分别检测miR-194-5p对LX-2细胞生物学特性、细胞活化标志物和靶基因表达的影响,并用生物信息学和双荧光素酶报告实验确定miR-194-5p靶基因.结果显示：miR-194-5p抑制LX-2细胞增殖、细胞集落形成、迁移能力以及LX-2细胞中活化标志物的表达,促进LX-2细胞衰老;Wnt5a为miR-194-5p的直接靶基因.研究表明miR-194-5p通过靶定Wnt5a抑制LX-2细胞活化,miR-194-5p和Wnt5a可能是治疗肝纤维化新的靶点.     

基于TLS的红松树冠半径提取及其外轮廓模型构建

【目的】探究基于地基激光雷达(Terrestrial Laser Scanning, TLS)点云数据提取人工林中红松不同树冠深度处最大树冠半径(crown radius,R_C)的精度,建立基于TLS点云数据的树冠外轮廓模型,为基于TLS点云数据研究树冠结构奠定实践基础。【方法】以30株人工林红松解析木的TLS的点云数据以及实测枝条因子为数据源,采用点云分层投影法提取不同树冠深度处的最大树冠半径,并与根据30株解析木各轮最大枝条计算出的半径对比进行精度分析。最后,基于TLS所提取的树冠半径进行红松树冠外轮廓模型的构建。【结果】最大树冠半径总提取精度为86.17%,不同树冠深度处提取精度存在差异,提取效果最好的相对冠深范围为0.15～1.00,精度均在90%左右;提取效果最差的相对冠深范围为0～0.15,精度为60.27%～75.79%。3种常用的树冠外轮廓模型(单分子式、二次抛物线、3参数Weibull方程)均具有较好的拟合效果。3参数Weibull方程为最优模型,对最优模型再参数化后引入的变量为胸径(DBH)和高径比(HD),拟合效果明显提高。【结论】基于TLS...