稀土复合氧化物的催化性能

合成了一系列La_(2-x)A＇_zCuO_(4-x/2+6)(A＇=Ca,Sr,Ba;0≤x≤1.34)稀土复合氧化物催化剂。研究了它们的结构、组成和催化性能的关系。主要研究镧部分被取代后对氧和一氧化碳的吸脱附行为,以及对一氧化碳氧化活性的影响。     

短碳纤维增强玻璃陶瓷氧化行为的研究

研究了单向短碳纤维增强玻璃陶瓷基复合材料的氧化行为．结果表明：短碳纤维复合材料氧化随时间的变化符合抛物线规律,基体对短纤维的包裹在一定程度上减缓了后期氧化速率;氧化造成复合材料弯曲性能衰减比氧化质量损失快;氧化过程中氧的扩散主要通过复合材料中的基体裂纹、气孔以及纤维氧化反应后所留下的通道进行气态扩散．     

凡拉明蓝的电化学氧化机制

作为可能的光谱电化学定量研究中复杂反应机制的模型物,研究了凡拉明蓝的电化学氧化机制。实验结果表明,在所使用的ｐＨ范围内（ｐＨ＝０￣１．６８）,凡拉明蓝的氧化机制是ＥＣ历程,通过研究ｐｋｆ与ｐＨ的线性关系,发现在电极反应过程中,后续化学反应对Ｈ＾＋的级数约为１级,并拟定了化学反应历程,对实验结果进行了理论说明。     

氨氧化过程中铂回收用吸附材料的制备和性能

研究了利用具有蜂窝状结构的吸附材料表回收在氨氧化过程中流失的铂催化剂组份的方法,重点考察了吸附材料载体的组成和制备条件对载体性质的影响,工业试验表明,该吸附材料不仅具有较好的吸附性能,而且具有机械强度高,流体阻力小等特点。     

α1-Adrenergic stimulation of ketogenesis and fatty acid oxidation is associated with inhibition of lipogenesis in rat hepatocytes

Summary The effect of norepinephrine on fatty acid synthesis (³H₂O incorporation into fatty acids), on fatty acid oxidation to CO₂ and on ketogenesis was studied in isolated hepatocytes of fed rats. After incubation with norepinephrine (50 M), lipogenesis was lower (5.7±1.1 nmoles³H₂O incorporated into fatty acids/mg dry weight/30 min) than in controls (7.5±1.7; n=6, p<0.02). In contrast, (1-¹⁴C) palmitate conversion into total ketone bodies was increased to 10.9±1.8 nmoles/mg/30 min with norepinephrine, vs 8.5±1.6 in controls (p<0.05), and more (1-¹⁴C) palmitate was converted to¹⁴CO₂ with norepinephrine than in controls (1.48±0.10 nmoles/mg/30 min vs 1.06±0.11, p<0.05). The inhibitory effect of norepinephrine on lipogenesis was abolished by addition of the ₁-receptor blocker prazosin, but not by ₂ or -blockers. The results demonstrate that the ketogenic effect of norepinephrine is coupled with an inhibitory effect on lipogenesis which may be explained by diminished activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, diminished formation of malonyl-CoA and decreased activity of carnitine palmitoyl transferase I.     

硝基苯污染地表水的生物修复模拟研究

研究了一株硝基苯高效降解菌恶臭假单胞菌在微宇宙模拟系统和卵石接触生物氧化法模拟系统中对硝基苯的降解作用.结果表明,在微宇宙模拟系统中适宜降解的温度为25℃～30℃,pH值为7.0～8.0.在此条件下,8 d内能够将10mg/L的硝基苯完全降解.底泥和光照条件能明显促进硝基苯的降解,硝基苯降解产物亚硝酸根离子在模拟系统中会被其他的生物利用,积累量相对减少.低温下,虽然硝基苯的降解率较低,但降解菌对硝基苯仍保持一定的降解活性.在卵石接触生物氧化法模拟系统中,降解菌菌膜对水中硝基苯的去除产生了非常明显的作用,但易发生菌膜脱落现象.实验结果可为硝基苯微污染地表水和突发性事故造成的污染环境的微生物修复提供基本的理论和实践依据.     

龙眼核提取物提高小鼠抗氧化功能的研究

研究了龙眼核提取物提高小鼠的抗氧化功能.每日对每组10只小鼠连续灌服不同剂量龙眼核提取物(TAC,48、240、1 200 u/g),21 d后测定小鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px活力和脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)的含量,并与对照组进行比较.结果表明,龙眼核提取物可显著增强小鼠血清SOD、GSH-Px活性,降低MDA含量,从而提高了小鼠的抗氧化功能.     

氯离子对电解氧化处理难降解垃圾渗滤液的影响

以循环式准好氧垃圾渗滤液为主要研究对象,探讨了渗滤液中氯离子对有机物电解去除效果的影响.实验结果表明,在一定条件下,渗滤液中难降解有机物的电解去除率随氯离子浓度的增加而增大.氯离子初始浓度和渗滤液COD等工艺条件对氯离子的作用效果有一定的影响.氯离子初始浓度在较低的范围内时氯离子对COD的去除比电耗的影响作用较明显,当渗滤液中氯离子初始浓度大于12.5 g/L时,COD的去除比电耗随氯离子初始浓度的增加变化不大;在电解处理低COD渗滤液时氯离子初始浓度对有机物降解效果的影响作用更明显.     

The kinetic studies of direct methane oxidation to methanol in the plasma process

The research outlined here includes a study of methanol production from direct methane conversion by means of thermal and plasma method. The kinetic study, derived from thermal-based approach, was carried out to investigate thoroughly the possible intermediate species likely to be presented in the process. A set of plasma experiments was undertaken by using dielectric barrier discharge （DBD）, classified as non-thermal plasma, done at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Plasma process yields more methanol than thermal process at the same methane conversion rates and methane to oxygen feed ratios. Oxidation reaction of thermal process resulted CO and CO2 as the most dominant products and the selectivity reached 19% and 68%, respectively. Moreover, more CO and less CO2 were produced in plasma process than in thermal process. The selectivity of CO and CO2 by plasma was 47% and 20%, respectively. Ethane （C2H6）was detected as the only higher hydrocarbon with a significant concentration. The concentration of ethane reached 9% of the total products in plasma process and 17% in thermal process. The maximum selectivity of methanol, the target material of this research, was 12% obtained by plasma method and less than 5% by thermal process. In some certain points, the kinetic model closely matched with the experimental results.     

钛合金表面阳极氧化技术制备羟基磷灰石研究述评

羟基磷灰石与钛合金的结合,可以克服羟基磷灰石自身的缺点。阳极氧化技术是目前研究的热点,它包括阳极氧化法与微弧氧化法两种,本文综合论述了利用阳极氧化技术在钛及钛合金表面制备羟基磷灰石的研究现状,系统分析了阳极氧化技术与其他常用制备羟基磷灰石技术的优点,并对影响因素进行了详细地叙述,进而提出了相应的设想和展望。