市场的稳定性取决于人心

传统的市场经济的金科玉律——供求关系影响价格,价格围绕价值上下波动,使许多人误认为市场的稳定性也是由供求关系或价格决定。但是利用蛛网模型可得出结论:市场的稳定性取决于人心,即人们对商品的敏感程度。     

原子核稳定线、液滴模型和核电荷上限的研究

探求原子核稳定线公式,结合液滴模型,得出核电荷的上限.     

概化理论在语言测试新进展中的应用

概化理论是一种发展较晚但功能全面的现代测试理论，能有效地设计、分析和评估测试项目。直到上个世纪八九十年代，Robert Brennan等人开发了GENOVA等一系列应用软件后，概化理论才在心理和教育测量领域的研究中逐渐受到重视，此后，运用概化理论研究实际问题的项目也逐渐多了起来。概化理论与项目反应理论属于不同的理论范畴，它们的基本假设也有很大的差别。     

公务员招聘问题的模型分析

介绍了公务员招聘问题的数学模型的建立与应用,并对招聘公务员提出了建议。     

高速公路路面使用性能预测模型的研究

分析了路面使用性能的变化趋势及影响因素,论述了高速公路路面性能预测模型及分类,并详细介绍了各类模型的作用。     

√sNN＝200GeV/核子重离子碰撞中J/ψ粒子的产生与核遮蔽效应

在RHIC的PHENIX的快度接收范围内,采用EKS98和HKN04给出的束缚核子部分子分布函数,计算了√sNN＝200 GeV/核子p-Au,p-p碰撞中色八重态产生机制下J/ψ粒子微分截面随快度的变化.在RHIC能量下,最主要的粲夸克偶素产生过程是胶子融合.所得结论与实验数据对比,有助于了解胶子分布的核遮蔽效应.     

应用确定性前沿模型测定我国生物科技企业技术效率

利用前沿模型和技术效率理论测定了我国生物科技企业的技术效率，结果表明，我国生物科技企业资本投入对产出的贡献率远大于劳动力投入，生物科技企业的技术效率普遍较低且企业间差异极大，我国东、中、西部生物科技企业平均技术效率无显著差异．     

普通高校体育教育专业田径专修跨栏教学素质教育模式的再探

对体育教育专业如何与“素质教育”良性接轨进行了探索与研究,旨在能够为全面推进体育教育专业素质教育改革起到抛砖引玉的作用.研究结果表明：设计的教学模式有助于实现从应试教育向素质教育的良性转化;还有助于在普通高校体育教育专业田径专修跨栏教学中增强学生的自信心,提高教与学的效率.     

Philosophy of chemistry and the image of science

The philosophical analysis of chemistry has advanced at such a pace during the last dozen years that the existence of philosophy of chemistry as an autonomous discipline cannot be doubted any more. The present paper will attempt to analyse the experience of philosophy of chemistry at the, so to say, meta-level. Philosophers of chemistry have especially stressed that all sciences need not be similar to physics. They have tried to argue for chemistry as its own type of science and for a pluralistic understanding of science in general. However, when stressing the specific character of chemistry, philosophers do not always analyse the question ‘What is science?’ theoretically. It is obvious that a ‘monistic’ understanding of science should not be based simply on physics as the epitome of science, regarding it as a historical accident that physics has obtained this status. The author’s point is that the philosophical and methodological image of science should not be chosen arbitrarily; instead, it should be theoretically elaborated as an idealization (theoretical model) substantiated on the historical practice of science. It is argued that although physics has, in a sense, justifiably obtained the status of a paradigm of science, chemistry, which is not simply a physical science, but a discipline with a dual character, is also relevant for elaborating a theoretical model of science. The theoretical model of science is a good tool for examining various issues in philosophy of chemistry as well as in philosophy of science or science studies generally.     

Preface

Different from traditional tax audit, supervision with self-audit is a combination of audit by the taxpayer himself and audit by the tax authority. This paper mainly studies a taxpayer’s optimal policy of tax evasion under supervision with self-audit and its related properties, in order to deduce some effective suggestions and theoretical bases to restrain tax evasion. Assuming that only a certain proportion of evaded tax can be discovered when the audit is executed, the authors first formulate a static model with self-audit. This model is divided into two stages. At the first stage, taxpayers declare their taxes, then the tax authority chooses audit objects, based on a known probability, and announces the result; if the taxpayer is chosen, he will enter the second stage, during which he has a chance to pay the evaded tax and the corresponding late fees and then is audited by the tax authority. The authors show the existence and uniqueness of the optimal amount of tax evasion at the first stage and the optimal proportion to self-expose at the second stage. The authors also discuss the related properties of the interior solution, and do elasticity analyses on some parameters. Besides, the authors extend the static model into the corresponding two-period model, and study the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the extended model. Finally, under the assumption that tax evasion can only be discovered with a certain probability when the audit is executed, the authors formulate another static model with self-audit and investigate its properties. This research is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 60674082, 70221001, and 70731003.