基于连续学习自动机解决网络负载量的分配

假定网络流量是由不同平均包长和优先级的不同类别的包组成 ,并引入了一种采用连续学习自动机的新方法来解决计算机网络负载量分配问题 ,并获得比目前最好方法更优的结果 .     

离子取代对La2CuO4电学性质的影响

详细研究了多种离子取代对Ｌａ２ＣｕＯ４电学性质的影响。Ｚｎ＾２＋和Ｍｇ＾２＋分别取代Ｃｕ＾２＋都使Ｌａ２ＣｕＯ４的电阻率显著增加，并且Ｍｇ＾２＋的作用比Ｚｎ＾２＋大。Ｎｉ＾２＋取代Ｃｕ＾２＋后，总的趋势是样品的电阻率降低，但Ｌａ２Ｃｕ０．８Ｎｉ０．２Ｏ４的电阻率最高，这可能与相转变有关。结合Ｌａ２ＣｕＯ４的结构特征，文中对各种离子的取代作用进行了讨论。     

CuCe-O_x催化剂表面物种对CO催化氧化性能影响

选取不同沉淀剂采用共沉淀法制备了CuCe-Ox复合氧化物催化剂.考察了沉淀剂对其CO催化氧化性能的影响.研究表明以氨水为沉淀剂的催化剂CO氧化活性最佳,它与CuCe-Ox催化剂具有较多的Ce~(3+)以及CuO物种有关.此外,采用氨水作为沉淀剂可促进CuO的生成,这是CO催化氧化的主要活性位点.     

Improved photocatalytic activity of nano CuO-incorporated TiO2 granules prepared by spray drying

4 wt% CuO–96 wt% TiO2 granules were prepared by a spray drying process. The microstructure and optical property of CuO–TiO2 granules were studied. The results indicate that copper existed in the form of CuO. The spray dried granules possess spherical geometry and smooth surface with grain size in the range of 40–80 μm. CuO–TiO2 has a relatively smaller E g value(2.85 eV) than Ti O2(3.17 eV). The photocatalytic property of CuO–TiO2 granules was investigated by degradation of a model pollutant(the azo dye methyl orange) under the irradiation of the xenon lamp equipped with a band pass fi lter of 365 nm. The CuO–TiO2spray-dried granules degrade about 10% more MO than TiO2spray-dried granules under UV irradiation within the same time. The XPS spectra suggested that Cu2 tand reduced copper species were coexistent in reacted CuO–TiO2 photocatalyst. The improvement of photocatalytic activity for CuO–TiO2 was mainly attributed to effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs in the presence of CuO.     

超声／H2O2／CuO联合作用降解硝基苯

研究了在超声波/H2O2/金属氧化物体系中,金属氧化物(CuO,ZnO,Al2O3)对硝基苯降解的影响。结果表明:采用超声波/H2O2/CuO体系效果较好。对超声/H2O2/CuO联合作用的效果进行了研究,讨论了反应液的pH值、硝基苯的初始浓度等因素对硝基苯降解的影响。实验结果表明:pH值的变化对其降解效果没有明显影响;硝基苯的降解效果与其初始浓度有关,其降解过程符合一级反应动力学模型。     

Mesoporous iron oxide-silica supported gold catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

Mesoporous iron oxide-silica composite with a high silica content was synthesized by hydrothermal method, and another composite material with a high iron content was obtained by etching part of silica in alkaline solution. Gold catalysts were loaded onto both composites by a deposition-precipitation method, and used for CO oxidation. The samples were characterized by Brumauer- Emmet-Teller （BET）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectra （XPS）, transmission electron micro- scope （TEM） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） techniques. Both composites had high specific surface areas and were amorphous. The Au nanoparticles dispersed on the surface of the composites existed in metallic state. Composite with high silica content was not suitable for Au loading, and its supported gold catalyst showed poor per- formance in catalytic reaction. In contrast, composite with high iron content allowed efficient Au loading, and CO could be oxidized completely at low temperature on its supported gold catalyst. The effects of deposition-precipi- tation pH values on Au loading and activity of the catalyst were investigated, and the results indicated that Au loading was the highest and the catalyst was the most active for CO oxidation when the synthesis pH was adjusted to 8.     

废钢渣负载CuO制备催化剂活化过硫酸盐降解磺胺类抗生素的研究

以废钢渣(SSS)为原料,通过化学沉淀法在SSS表面引入CuO,制备一种高效的、可回收的非均相催化剂CuO/SSS,并将其用于去除废水中传统生物处理难降解的磺胺类抗生素[磺胺对甲氧嘧啶(SMD)、磺胺嘧啶(SDZ)和磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)]．在催化剂投加量1～2 g/L、过硫酸钾(PS)投加量2～4 mmol/L、反应时间30 min的最佳反应条件下,CuO/SSS+PS对20 mg/L的3种不同磺胺类抗生素的去除率均超过75%,其中SMD的去除率达到80.29%．另外,在海水、湖水和自来水基质中,CuO/SSS+PS对SMD的去除率略微降低至54%～76%,这主要归因于存在于真实天然水中的各种无机阴离子．通过密度泛函理论(DFT)和液相色谱-质谱联用仪(LC/MS)的结果模拟了SMD的降解路径,得出主要降解途径是嘧啶环打开、O₂S—NH键断裂、自由基攻击苯环．CuO/SSS+PS在去除难降解抗生素SMD时具有高效性,为活化过硫酸盐降解难降解有机废水寻得了一条途径．     

镍负载量对自热转化催化剂Ni/γ-Al2O3性能的影响

利用常压固定床微反色谱联用装置、X 射线衍射 (XRD)以及程序升温还原等分析手段 ,考察了镍负载量对自热转化催化剂Ni/γ Al2 O3 的活性和还原性能的影响。实验结果表明 ,对于 10 0 0℃下焙烧的模型催化剂Ni/γ Al2 O3,用XRD检测均未发现NiO(2 0 0 )特征峰 ;而当镍含量达到 8.1%时 ,XRD可检测到以尖晶石形式存在的镍。模型催化剂中NiAl2 O4 的还原性能低于NiO。催化剂中镍的负载量在一定范围内增加 ,可使起始还原温度下降 ,催化剂转化活性升高。分析结果表明 ,镍负载量为 7.7%的催化剂还原温度低 ,转化活性很好 ,能有效地抑制催化剂的积炭 ,具有最佳的综合性能     

活性炭对吡啶气固催化氯化制备2,3,5,6-四氯吡啶的影响

选择了3种不同的活性炭作为载体制备Lewis酸/活性炭催化剂.用于吡啶气固催化氯化制备2,3,5,6-四氯吡啶.采用元素分析、酸碱分析、物理吸附、扫描电镜等表征手段,系统地研究了活性炭的化学组成、表面性质、孔结构对合成2,3,5,6-四氯吡啶收率的影响.结果表明,适当增加活性组分CuCl2的负载量,吡啶催化氯化的活性增加.活性炭上丰富的含氧基团,发达的中孔有利于活性组分的分散与催化剂活性的提高,增加活性炭的中孔孔径以及提高酸性基团的含量有利于提高2,3,5,6-四氯吡啶的选择性.在活性炭HN-Y14制备的催化剂作用下,2,3,5,6-四氯吡啶的收率66.2%,多氯吡啶的总收率达到95.8%.     

含铂汽车尾气三效催化剂的研究

研究了不同负载量的含铂三效汽车尾气催化剂的催化活性,结果表明铂的负载量对催化剂的起燃温度影响很大。经1050℃老化后,在高负载量的铂催化剂上,丙烷、丙烯和一氧化碳起燃温度（T50）分别为95℃,155℃和190℃;而在低负载量的铂催化剂上,对应的值为180℃,和265℃。另一方面,添加过渡金属可以显著提高铂催化剂对氮氧化物的还原活性,在低负载量的铂催化剂上,氮氧化物的起燃温度可达250℃,这将有助于开发研制非铑贵金属汽车催化剂,更有效地降低催化剂的成本,具有重要经济意义。