氧化铈对Cu－Mn－O燃烧催化剂氧化还原性能的影响

利用微反－色谱技术考察了Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｏ及Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ催化剂的甲苯完全燃烧活性；通过改变氧的浓度，研究了ＣｅＯ＿２对Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｏ催化剂性能的影响；用ＴＰＲ、ＴＰＯＴ和氢氧滴定法测定了催化剂的表面性能。结果表明，ＣｅＯ＿２能够增加催化剂表面的贮氧量，提高吸氧能力，改进供氧性能，进而提高Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｏ催化剂在低氧比时的无化活性，也能使还原后的Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｏ催化剂具有良好的再生氧化活性。     

Protein kinases mediate nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in the insect cell line IPLB-LdFB

The involvement of protein kinases (PKA, PKC and PKB) in nitric oxide (NO)-induced apoptosis with sodium nitroprusside plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine in the IPLB-LdFB cell line from the insect Lymantria dispar was investigated. The presence of protein kinase-like molecules was demonstrated by western blot analysis. The role of the kinases in programmed cell death was analysed in cytofluorimetric experiments by incubating the insect cells with H-89 (a specific inhibitor of PKA), calphostin C (an inhibitor of PKC) or wortmannin (an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase). The results show that PKA is correlated with the induction and PKC and PKB with the prevention of NO-induced insect cell death. Moreover, NO-induced apoptosis involves the release of cytochrome c. Received 15 March 2002; accepted 25 March 2002     

Morphine 6 glucuronide stimulates nitric oxide release in mussel neural tissues: evidence for a morphine 6 glucuronide opiate receptor subtype

We have previously demonstrated that Mytilus edulis pedal ganglia contain opiate alkaloids, i.e., morphine and morphine 6 glucuronide (M6G), as well as mu opiate receptor subtype fragments exhibiting high sequence similarity to those found in mammals. Now we demonstrate that M6G stimulates pedal ganglia constitutive nitric oxide (NO) synthase (cNOS)-derived NO release at identical concentrations and to similar peak levels as morphine. However, the classic opiate antagonist, naloxone, only blocked the ability of morphine to stimulate cNOS-derived NO release and not that of M6G. CTOP, a mu-specific antagonist, blocked the ability of M6G to induce cNOS-derived NO release as well as that of morphine, suggesting that a novel mu opiate receptor was present and selective toward M6G. In examining a receptor displacement analysis, both opiate alkaloids displaced [³H]-dihydromorphine binding to the mu opiate receptor subtype. However, morphine exhibited a twofold higher affinity, again suggesting that a novel mu opiate receptor may be present. Received 1 November 2001; received after revision 1 February 2002; accepted 1 February 2002     

Adsorption of polyelectrolyte on the surface of ZnO nanoparticles and the stability of colloidal dispersions

How to prevent flocculation is a universal problem in synthesis and application of nanoparticles. Because of high surface activity, nanoparticles tend to form large di-mension of aggregates with some loose contact interface. When solid particles are suspended in polyelectrolyte so-lution, polymer chains are adsorbed on the surface of par-ticles and they render to stabilize the corresponding parti-cles. The stabilizing property of polyelectrolytes is the reason for wide application in many fiel…     

O2对C2H4/C2H6体系中C2H4的吸附性能影响

环氧乙烷生产过程中排放的尾气含有C2H4、C2H6和O2等组分，若采用变压吸附法回收其中的C2H4时，需要考虑O2对吸附分离C2H4的影响。在固定床吸附柱上，测定了有0。存在时，C2H4／C2H6体系在3种吸附剂（活性炭、NJ络合吸附剂和NK络舍吸附荆）上的动态吸附行为，考察了O2对不同吸附剂吸附C2H4的选择性和稳定吸附容量的影响。结果表明：在有02的实验条件下，NK络合吸附荆对C2H4／C2H6体系能优先吸附C2H4，且C2H4的吸附性能不受O2的影响，C2H4／C2H6的分离系数为10；NK络合吸附刑具有稳定的有效c2H。吸附量9．2mL／g。实验结果为工业回收C2H4提供了基础。     

前驱体溶液对(W, Ni, Fe)复合氧化物粉末制备的影响

研究前驱体溶液状态对喷雾干燥法制备（W, Ni, Fe）复合氧化物粉末特性的影响. 采用高倍扫描电镜对所制备的复合粉末进行形貌观察, 并对所制得复合氧化物粉末的Fsss粒度, 比表面, W、 Ni和Fe含量等进行了测定与分析. 研究结果表明： 在质量分数为20%的（W, Ni, Fe）混合盐溶液中添加0.6 g/L 聚乙二醇-1000所配制的溶胶作为前驱体溶液制备的粉末特性最好, 制得一次颗粒粒度细小（为40～50 nm）、分布均匀、分散性好、非晶化显著且大部分为球形的纳米级（W, Ni, Fe）复合氧化物粉末.     

Bi2O3/Cu-O-Cr核壳结构纳米复合物的合成

采用沉淀法制得球形单分散Bi2O3纳米粒子；通过共沉淀法制备球形单分散Bi2O3／Cu-O-Cr核壳结构复合纳米材料,通过X射线衍射、透射电镜、能谱分析和红外光谱等技术表征所合成材料的成分组成、晶体结构、微现形貌以及颗粒尺寸，并对Bi2Oa／Cu-O-Cr核壳结构的复合纳米粒子的形成机理进行研究。研究结果表明：在包覆前先对Bi2O3粒子进行表面铵离子（NH4^＋）功能化是形成均匀核壳纳米结构的关键；铜铬包覆层以氨配合物的形式包在Bi2O3粒子表面，形成棱壳结构的复合粒子，复合粒子的平均粒度为78nm．核厚为60nm．     

由碳还原KMnO4制备氧化锰/碳超级电容材料

以碳粉为还原剂，在酸性条件下与KMnO₄反应制备了粉末状氧化锰/碳复合材料，研究了碳还原剂种类（活性炭、石墨化中间相碳微球和膨胀石墨）以及镍、钴、铒离子对制备的氧化锰/碳粉末结构及电化学性能的影响。采用X-衍射技术和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了氧化锰/碳的结晶结构及表面形态。结果表明，活性炭具有较强的还原能力，氧化锰/碳材料具有良好的电化学电容行为，其中以活性炭为还原剂制备的氧化锰/碳具有较高的电容量，质量比容量达117F/g，掺杂镍、钴后质量比容量达到185F/g。     

氧化栲胶溶液性质的研究

利用溶液的光学性质和渗透性质试验,得出氧化栲胶溶液和栲胶脱硫液属于高分子溶液以及生产上栲胶脱硫液属于胶体溶液的结论。     

银杏叶提取物抗氧化及其抗胰岛RIN-mβ细胞凋亡的作用

目的:探讨银杏叶提取物(EGb761)的抗氧化及其抗过氧化氨(hydrogen peroxide,H2O2)诱导的胰岛RIN-mβ细胞凋亡的作用.方法:以500μmol/L H2O2作用于胰岛RIN-mβ细胞6 h建立凋亡模型;采用荧光探针DCFH-DA法进行活性氧检测细胞内氧自由基(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的变化,NO测试试剂盒检测细胞N0释放的变化,Annexin V-PI双染色法流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡情况.结果:经H2O2损伤诱导凋亡后,细胞存活率降低,凋亡率增加,细胞产生NO减少,活性氧ROS增多.与阴性对照组相比,EGb761能清除ROS,增加NO,改善凋亡情况,且作用呈剂量依赖性.结论:EGb761对β细胞凋亡有显著保护作用,其机制可能与其清除氧自由基等作用有关.