Seasonal variation of snow microbial community structure in the East Rongbuk glacier, Mt. Everest

Mt. Everest, the zenith of the world, plays an impor- tant role in the global climate change. During the lastdecade, some studies on glacier and snow have been undertaken in this region. The climate and environment changes in the past hundred years have b…     

Response of downstream sediment to water resource development in mainstream of the Lancang River

The impact of hydropower cascades of the Lancang River on downstream sedimentation has become one of the key problems in the research of the transboundary water resource development and its possible environmental effects. In this paper, the newest sediment data series spanning 17 years （1987-2003） at Yunjinghong hydrometric station and Chiang Saen hydrometric station, in northern Thailand, are analyzed to reveal these effects. Monthly mean sediment concentration data of the two stations are compared in-phase and yearly series are analyzed by the method of correlation and regression analysis and causality test. The analysis result shows that, though both of them are located at lower reaches of Manwan and Dachaoshan hydropower stations which are already constructed and in use, the sediment responses of the two stations are different under the regulation of the hydropower stations Annual series at Yunjinghong station are positively correlated but do not match well with those at Chiang Saen station. In addition, the results of Granger causality test on the time series also suggest that the series of maximum monthly mean sediment concentration of the Yunjinghong station each year may give cause for the ones of Chiang Saen station, while the series of minimum monthly mean sediment concentration each year and annual mean sediment concentration of Yunjinghong do not evidently give cause for the ones of the other station. Undoubtedly, this discovery will provide new evidences to assess the impacts of cascades construction in mainstream of the Lancang River on the variation of downstream sediment and its transboundary effects.     

Variability of surface circulation in the South China Sea from satellite altimeter data

11-year satellite altimeter sea surface height （SSH） anomaly data from January 1993 to December 2003 are used to present the dominant spatial patterns and temporal variations of the South China Sea （SCS） surface circulation through Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） analysis. The first three EOF modes show the obvious seasonal variations of SSH in the SCS. EOF mode one is generally characterized by a basin-wide circulation. Mode two describes the double-cell basin scale circulation structure. The two cells were located off west of the Luzon Island and southeast of Vietnam, respectively. EOF mode three presents the mesoscale eddy structure in the western SCS, which develops into a strong cyclonic eddy rapidly from July to September. EOF mode one and mode three are also embedded with interannual signals, indicating that the SCS surface circulation variation is influenced by El Nino events prominently. The strong El Nino of 1997/98 obviously changed the SCS circulation structure. This study also shows that there existed a series of mesoscale eddies in the western SCS, and their temporal variation indicates intra-seasonal and interannual signals.     

四川大相岭大熊猫种群及栖息地调查

2001年对大相岭大熊猫及栖息地进行了调查.调查结果表明:大相岭山系有大熊猫栖息地面积353.76km2,数量14只,分布在洪雅和荥经县境内.大熊猫活动痕迹主要分布在海拔2000~2500m的针阔混交林生境.大熊猫栖息地内存在多种人类活动干扰,主要有采笋、历史的采伐和公路,分别占调查样方数的23.2%、22.2%和6.8%.与20世纪80年代进行的第二次调查比较,大熊猫的分布范围发生了较大的改变,当时没有大熊猫分布的荥经县现成为大熊猫的主要分布地.大相岭山系是现存大熊猫栖息地面积最小,数量最少的山系,需加强该地的保护区建设、大熊猫生境廊道建设及有效控制栖息地内的人类干扰活动,从而避免大熊猫种群的衰亡.     

刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)无性系种群结构与生长动态的研究

研究了刺槐克隆种群的种群结构和生长动态.结果表明，刺槐克隆种群中幼年分株数量较多，死亡率较高；成年个体数量较少，死亡率较低，而且相对稳定，种群数量结构成金字塔型；无性系产生分株的时间较晚，分株的数量正处于上升阶段.无性系中刺槐基株的基径、高度、冠幅远远大于分株.刺槐分株在幼年时期高生长和冠幅的生长均较快，当生长到一定的年龄逐渐缓慢下来.克隆分株的生长、数量动态主要受克隆整合的内部调节机制和外部环境中灌木层、草本层竞争的影响.     

有限空间年龄结构种群模型的数值分析

对一类有限空间年龄结构种群模型提出了一种数值方法．运用迎风格式和Euler向前差分格式进行求解．给出了格式的稳定性，得到了最大模误差估计，证明了数值解的非负性并给出了数值算例．     

多时滞型种群对数模型的周期正解

通过更精确的先验估计,利用重合度理论中的连续定理,研究了一类时滞种群模型的周期解,获得了这类模型存在正周期解的充分条件,所得结果推广了有关结论,并使条件有所减弱.     

复合种群生态学研究现状与展望

随着生境的破坏和逐渐片断化，越来越多的物种处于濒危状态，因此保护破碎生境的物种多样性就迫在眉睫．复合种群理论是当今国际数学生态学、理论生态学和保护生物学的一个主要研究前沿，并提供了保护濒危物种及种群的新的理论依据，也为生境破坏对物种造成的伤害做出预测和度量．本文首先对复合种群的已有概念、理论和模型做了全面的分析和总结；其次对复合种群生态学研究中存在的问题进行分析；最后结合作者参与的研究课题，尝试对复合种群生态学的研究方法进行探讨．     

缙云山特有植物缙云黄芩种群生态位研究

采用Levins生态位宽度、Hurlbert生态位宽度及Pianka生态位重叠等计算公式,测定了缙云黄芩(ScutellariatsinyunensisC Y WuetS Chow)所在群落中草本层物种的生态位宽度和生态位重叠.结果显示:缙云黄芩的生态位宽度较大,说明该种生态适应幅度较大;与其主要伴生物种间的生态位重叠也较大,表明它们对资源利用的相似程度较高.     

基于改进遗传算法的前向神经网络

针对遗传算法的主要算子———交叉算子 ,设计了新的交叉算子 ,使个体尽可能地分散在整个解空间 .在具体交叉操作中 ,产生随机个体参与交叉以更好地搜索新的解空间 .并提出了组合变异策略 ,假如对变异后个体隔代保护策略 ,构造了一个有效的改进遗传算法 .利用该改进遗传算法 ,构造了前向进化神经网络 .它综合了改进遗传算法优良的全局寻优性能和前向神经网络的非线性映射能力 .