纳米TiO2光催化氧化技术研究进展

光催化氧化技术作为一种污染治理技术,具有能耗低、无二次污染、氧化能力强的特点,日益受到人们的重视.本文主要介绍了该技术的发展和研究现状、纳米Ti02光催化剂的制备及作用机理、光催化降解的反应动力学,并指出了该技术目前存在的问题和未来的发展方向.     

改性纳米碳酸钙补强NR/SBR/BR并用胶的表征

通过固相法在硬脂酸改性商品纳米碳酸钙CCR中加入间苯二酚与六亚甲基四胺的络合物RH,制备了改性纳米碳酸钙M-CCR,并分别制备了天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶/顺丁橡胶并用胶与M-CCR和CCR的复合材料.利用橡胶加工分析仪(RPA)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了M-CCR和CCR在并用胶基体中的分散性、界面结合力、加工性能和形态.同时比较了复合材料的力学性能.结果表明,并用胶填充M-CCR的加工性能、补强作用以及填料的分散性和界面结合力均明显优于CCR.     

基于混沌粒子群算法(CPSO)在目标选址问题中的分析

基于国土资源有限的情况下,为使兴建的新工厂和设备在空间资源得到合理分配,对兴建的新工厂和设备等目标建立选址模型,并将蚁群算法,粒子群算法和混沌粒子群优化算法应用在该模型中,由模型数据的三种算法而对得到的数值进行对比和分析证实,混沌粒子群算法在目标选址问题上具有更好的寻优效果。     

稀土纳米材料的特性及应用

本文概述了稀土纳米材料近几年的研究进展,重点介绍了稀土纳米材料在陶瓷、催化剂、永磁材料、发光材料、环保材料等领域的应用,对其发展前景进行了展望。     

Fabrication and superconducting properties of nano-SiC doped MgB2 tapes

Nano-SiC doped MgB2 tapes were prepared by the in situ powder-in-tube method. Heat treatment was performed at 650℃ for 1 h. XRD data indicate that SiC particles had reacted with the MgB2 during sintering process. MgB2 core seemed to be denser after SiC doping, and the critical temperature was slightly depressed. The critical current density Jc of the SiC doped tapes was significantly enhanced in magnetic fields up to 14 T compared to the undoped ones. For the 5% SiC doped samples, Jc was in- creased by a factor of 32 at 4.2 K, 10 T. The enhancement of Jc-B properties in SiC doped MgB2 tapes is considered to be due to the enhancement of grain linkages and the introduction of effective flux pining centers. The substitution of B by C in MgB2 grains is thought to be the main reason for the improve- ment of the flux pinning ability in SiC doped MgB2 tapes.     

Mechanism of the interaction between Au nanoparticles and polymerase in nanoparticle PCR

Nanoparticle PCR is a novel method to optimize DNA amplification. It performs well in improving specificity, enhancing sensitivity and speed. Several mechanisms were proposed in previous studies: one was based on the interaction between gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and DNA while the other was attributed to the heat transfer property of AuNPs. In this paper, we propose that the interaction between AuNPs and DNA polymerase can significantly influence PCR. First, the addition of DNA polymerase can eliminate the inhibitory effects of excess AuNPs. Second, the addition of AuNPs will increase yield of the desired PCR product and make the optimum concentration of DNA polymerase move to higher value. Third, while excess polymerase might inhibit amplification efficiency, AuNPs can reverse this process and the yield of PCR amplification. Based on these results we propose a possible mechanism that AuNPs might modulate the activity of polymerase and improve PCR amplification.     

基于粒子群算法的短期电力负荷预测

根据电力负荷的主要影响因素,考虑了休息日和气候因素的影响,建立了基于粒子群算法(PSO)的级联网络短期负荷预测模型.通过粒子群算法对级联网络的训练进行优化,提高模型的运算速度.结果表明,该方法预测精度较高,效果较好.     

掺杂锡离子对纳米二氧化钛薄膜光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶一凝胶法在玻璃上制备了透明锐钛矿型纳米TiO2薄膜和金属锡离子掺杂的锐钛矿与金红石混晶型纳米TiO2薄膜,并利用 X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、紫外一可见分光光度计对合成的薄膜进行表征.研究了掺杂锡离子对TiO2薄膜吸收光谱及光催化活性的影响,结果表明掺杂锡离子使得TiO2薄膜对入射光的吸收带边发生红移;适量掺杂锡离子能够显著的提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性.并探讨了镀膜层数对薄膜光催化活性的影响,发现对于掺杂不同浓度锡离子的TiO2薄膜均有其对应的最佳膜层数.     

修正变光滑长度SPH方法及其应用

提出了修正的变光滑长度SPH方法及其算法实现.与传统变光滑长度SPH法相比,新方程组基于对称形式核函数近似,并从根本上考虑了变光滑长度影响.方程组中,密度演化方程与变光滑长度方程隐式关联;而SPH动量方程和能量方程在Springel提出的全守恒SPH方程组基础上,改进其分散核近似形式为对称核近似形式得到.由于新方程组密度演化方程和变光滑长度方程隐式耦合,采用迭代求解密度演化方程和变光滑长度方程,显式求解SPH动量方程和能量方程的办法,迭代过程增加的计算量相对很少.给出了2个一维激波管算例和二维 Sedov算例来验证方法的有效性.结果表明,新方法很好地解决了传统SPH法中变光滑长度影响,特别是在模拟二维 Sedov问题时新方法能得到比Springel方法更准确的压强峰值位置,中心压强也更接近理论值.特别适合模拟爆炸与冲击、大变形大扭曲等密度和光滑长度变化剧烈的问题.     

固相原位接枝炭黑的制备及其在涂料中的应用

采用固相原位接枝反应方法将炭黑(CB)与有机小分子在Haake转矩流变仪中进行接枝反应,制得接枝炭黑(GCB)。通过原子力显微镜(AFM)观察发现该接枝炭黑呈单分散分布,粒径为30 nm左右。将接枝炭黑制得涂料并考察其对涂料性能的影响,结果表明:与用未接枝炭黑制得的涂料相比,接枝炭黑制得的涂料在光泽度、附着力等方面均有较大提高。同时,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)也观察到接枝炭黑在涂料中均匀分散,且达到纳米级。