Mirizzi综合征诊治体会

目的探讨Mirizzi综合征诊断及外科治疗的手术方式、方法,回顾性总结分析25例Mirizzi综合征病人的临床资料。结果25例病人分别行胆囊切除或部分胆囊切除,直接瘘口修补及Roux-en-Y式肝总管十二指肠吻合术或空肠吻合术。所有病人痊愈出院。结论Mirizzi综合征病理类型不一,术前诊断困难,手术方式依据病理分型而定。内镜逆行性胰胆管造影(ERCP)及B超是术前明确诊断的主要手段。     

102例冰冻组织切片中卵巢疾病的诊断分析

术中快速冰冻病理诊断简称冰冻诊断，其重要作用在于决策手术实施的方案，所以一旦误诊其后果严重。笔将我院病理室近三年来的资料统计分析如下：     

Polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism as maternal risk factors for Down syndrome in China

Objective： To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （MTHFR）, methionine synthase reductase （MTRR）, the central enzymes in folate metabolism that affects DNA methylation and synthesis, and the risk of Down syndrome in China. Methods： Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral lymphocytes of 64 mothers of children with Down syndrome and 70 age matched control subjects. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to examine the polymorphisms of MTHFR 677C→T, MTRR 66A→G and the relationship between these genotypes and the risk of Down syndrome was analyzed. Results： The results show that the MTHFR 677C→T polymorphism is more prevalent among mothers of children with Down syndrome than among control mothers, with an odds ratio of 3.78 （95% confidence interval （CI）, 1.78-8.47）. In addition, the homozygous MTRR 66A→G polymorphism was independently associated with a 5.2-fold increase in estimated risk （95% CI, 1.90-14.22）. The combined presence of both polymorphisms was associated with a greater risk of Down syndrome than the presence of either alone, with an odds ratio of 6.0 （95% CI, 2.058-17.496）. The two polymorphisms appear to act without a multiplicative interaction. Conclusion： MTHFR and MTRR gene mutation alleles are related to Down syndrome, and CT, TT and GG gene mutation types increase the risk of Down syndrome.     

多囊卵巢综合征大鼠子宫内膜细胞凋亡及VEGF-A的表达

目的:观察多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)大鼠子宫内膜细胞的凋亡情况以及VEGF-A的表达变化,探讨细胞凋亡及VEGF-A在PCOS子宫内膜发生功能失常的过程中的作用.方法:大鼠皮下注射硫酸普拉睾酮钠来构建PCOS模型,TUNEL法检测大鼠子宫内膜细胞凋亡情况、免疫组织化学法和蛋白质免疫印迹法检测VEGF-A在大鼠子宫内膜中的表达情况.结果:TUNEL结果显示PCOS组大鼠子宫内膜细胞凋亡率较对照组明显降低(P 0. 05);免疫组织化学结果显示VEGF-A在PCOS组大鼠子宫内膜腺上皮细胞中的表达较对照组明显减弱(P 0. 05);蛋白质免疫印迹分析显示PCOS组大鼠子宫中VEGF-A蛋白的表达较正常对照组明显降低(P 0. 05).结论:PCOS子宫内膜功能失常可能与子宫内膜细胞凋亡减少有关,VEGF-A表达下调可能是PCOS子宫内膜增生过度的一种代偿性作用.     

艾滋病的流行现状和治疗进展

目的：综述艾滋病的流行现状和治疗进展。方法：检索有关献进行综合分析。结果：艾滋病是HIV引起的改命性慢性传染病，流行形势严峻，各国感染人数不断增加，有的地方已经到了失控的地步。结论：目前的治疗不能根除体内的HIV，高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)，可产生完全的病毒抑制，显延长病人的生命。     

胎儿母体输血综合征研究进展

胎儿母体输血综合征是发生于妊娠期的一种并发症，其病因不甚清楚，初期胎儿可代偿而无明显表现，失代偿会出现胎动减少或消失、胎心监护出现正弦曲线、水肿胎等表现，该病通过Kleihauer—Betke试验可以诊断，而流式细胞仪、母血甲胎蛋白测定、荧光显微镜技术等是近年来用于确诊及定量的技术。确诊病例可行宫内输血治疗。患儿未来中枢神经系统发育情况以及神经精神并发症的发生尚需进一步探讨。