肺肉瘤样癌脑转移的高危因素及预后分析

为探索肺肉瘤样癌临床特征与脑转移之间的关系,建立预测肺肉瘤样癌脑转移发生风险的预测模型,并分析肺肉瘤样癌脑转移的预后。研究纳入监测、流行病学和最终结果(SEER)数据库中816例肺肉瘤样癌患者,收集其临床特征与预后数据。根据是否出现脑转移将患者分为两组,组间比较采用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析脑转移发生的高危因素,并构建预测列线图,使用C指数、校正曲线和决策曲线分析(decision curve analysis, DCA)来衡量列线图的检验效能。采用单因素和多因素COX回归进行肺肉瘤样癌脑转移患者的预后分析。结果表明：年龄、是否接受根治性手术为肺肉瘤样癌患者发生脑转移的独立预测因素。基于此构建了肺肉瘤样癌脑转移的概率预测列线图,C指数为0.768,DCA显示净收益率高,模型临床效能较好。脑转移患者的预后影响因素方面,研究发现,在脑转移基础上合并肺内转移的患者相较于合并其他部位转移的患者OS和CSS明显更差。     

肝癌细胞系Hep3B中CD133+细胞亚群的分离及其特性的研究

目的研究CD133在人肝癌细胞系Hep3B中的表达以及CD133+细胞的体外增殖、自我更新及体内成瘤能力,初步探讨肝癌中CD133+细胞亚群的干细胞特性。方法流式细胞仪检测未分选的Hep3B细胞中CD133+细胞表达情况;免疫磁珠分选技术纯化CD133+肿瘤细胞;MTT法检测CD133+细胞体外增殖能力;无血清培养纯化...     

Serum amyloid A: An acute-phase protein involved in tumour pathogenesis

The synthesis of acute-phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) is largely regulated by inflammation- associated cytokines and a high concentration of circulating SAA may represent an ideal marker for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, SAA is also synthesized in extrahepatic tissues, e.g. human carcinoma metastases and cancer cell lines. An increasing body of in vitro data supports the concept of involvement of SAA in carcinogenesis and neoplastic diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that SAA might be included in a group of biomarkers to detect a pattern of physiological events that reflect the growth of malignancy and host response. This review is meant to provide a broad overview of the many ways that SAA could contribute to tumour development, and accelerate tumour progression and metastasis, and to gain a better understanding of this acute-phase reactant as a possible link between chronic inflammation and neoplasia. Received 11 June 2008; received after revision 10 July 2008; accepted 28 July 2008     

Kank proteins: structure, functions and diseases

The Kank family of proteins, Kank1–Kank4, are characterized by their unique structure, coiled-coil motifs in the N-terminal region, and ankyrin-repeats in the C-terminal region, with an additional motif, the KN motif, at the N-terminus. Kank1 was obtained by positional cloning of a tumor suppressor gene in renal cell carcinoma, while the other members were found by homology search. The family is involved in the regulation of actin polymerization and cell motility through signaling pathways containing PI3K/Akt and/or unidentified modulators/effectors. Their relationship to diseases such as cancer, and to neuronal and developmental disorders, will be an important subject of future study.     

NSAIDs and apoptosis

Regular use of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been associated with decreased incidence of cancer of the colon and other gastrointestinal organs. The chemopreventive properties of NSAIDs are due to their ability to induce apoptosis. Both COX-2-dependent and COX-2-independent mechanisms are involved in NSAIDs-induced neoplastic growth. This article reviews the recent literature that has revealed various important mechanisms of NSAIDs-induced apoptosis. Received 5 November 2007; received after revision 22 January 2008; accepted 25 January 2008     

新型肝动脉栓塞微球制剂的制备

开发了一种适合肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞(TACE)用的姜黄素载药微球,并探究其对肝癌的治疗效果.以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为载体,采用乳液交联法制备微球,观察微球的外观和粒度,证明微球对癌细胞的抑制作用,在VX2兔模型中评估肝动脉栓塞微球治疗肝癌的功效.扫描电镜和粒度分析显示制备的微球球形完整;生物安全性证明微球材料安全指数较高;药效学研究表明姜黄素栓塞微球可在栓塞给药后有效发挥动脉栓塞作用,提高肝癌的治疗效果.本研究成功地制备了姜黄素栓塞微球,有望将其用于栓塞以提高TACE在肝癌中的治疗效果.     

线粒体转录终止因子3在甲状腺癌中的表达及预后意义

对线粒体转录终止因子3（MTERF3）在甲状腺癌中的表达水平进行分析并评估其预后价值。从TCGA和GTEx等数据库提取甲状腺癌患者MTERF3的表达数据，探究MTERF3在甲状腺癌和癌旁组织中差异表达，分析差异表达对患者免疫细胞浸润和预后情况的影响，并明确MTERF3的临床意义。MTERF3在甲状腺癌中表达水平显著低于正常甲状腺组织，该基因在甲状腺癌中表达较低提示患者预后不良。MTERF3是甲状腺癌的预后标志物，是甲状腺癌诊断和治疗的潜在分子靶标。     

罂粟碱通过调节自噬对肝癌细胞放射敏感性的影响

为探究罂粟碱(Papaverine,PPV)和细胞自噬在原发性肝癌放射敏感性中的作用机理,将肝癌HepG2、Huh7细胞进行X射线照射,并将细胞分为阴性对照(NC)组、罂粟碱(PPV)组、单纯照射(IR)组，然后采用CCK8实验检测细胞的增殖情况,划痕实验检测细胞迁移情况,克隆形成实验检测细胞放射敏感性,实时定量PCR (RT-PCR)实验检测LC3B、ATG7 mRNA表达情况,蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)实验检测自噬相关标志物LC3B、p62、p-PI3K/PI3K、p-AKT/AKT、p-mTOR/mTOR蛋白表达情况。研究结果显示,与NC组相比,罂粟碱对肝癌HepG2和Huh7细胞的增殖有明显的抑制作用(P<0.05),并可以抑制肝癌细胞的迁移能力(P<0.05)，显著降低肝癌细胞LC3B、ATG7 mRNA的表达水平(P<0.05)和LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ的蛋白表达,提高p62、p-PI3K、p-AKT和p-mTOR的蛋白表达。此外,罂粟碱还可以提高肝癌细胞的放射治疗(RT)效果。上述结果表明罂粟碱通过PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路抑制HepG2、Huh7细胞自噬,从而抑制肝癌细胞的增殖和迁移能力,并提高肝癌细胞放射敏感性。     

鼻咽癌与环境关系的探讨

利用土壤微量元素数据（１９７２９４４个），地形地貌数据（４５０２个），岩石类型数据（１０９２个），气象要素数据（６３６１０８０个），探讨鼻咽癌死亡率与人群生存的地质环境（土壤微量元素、地形地貌、岩石类型）和气象环境（年平均气温、年平均温差、年平均相对温度）的相关性。结果表明，土壤中Ｃｒ、Ｓｎ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｏ、Ｂｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｖ、Ｎｉ、Ｔｉ与鼻咽癌死亡率有相关性，等级相关系数ｒ分别为－０．４０９２（Ｐ＜０．０００５），０．４４２９（Ｐ＜０．０００５），０．３６５４（Ｐ＜０．０００５），－０．４５４６（Ｐ＜０．０００５），０．３４３９（Ｐ＜０．０００５），－０．２９２２（Ｐ＜０．００５），０．２８７４（Ｐ＜０．０１），－０．２６２０（Ｐ＜０．０２５），－０．２６６６（Ｐ＜０．０２５），－０．２４５８（Ｐ＜０．０２５），并有较明显的剂量—效应关系；山区与鼻咽癌死亡率的ｒ＝０．２５９３（Ｐ＜０．０１），岩浆岩、碎屑岩与鼻咽癌死亡率的ｒ分别为０．３９９４（Ｐ＜０．０００５），０．２２９４（Ｐ＜０．０２５），年平均气温、年平均温差、年平均相对湿度与鼻咽癌死亡率的ｒ分别为０．４１７６（Ｐ＜０．０００５），－０．４８１９（Ｐ