量子阱中界面声子和体声子对束缚极化子结合能的影响(英)

用变分法研究半导体量子阱中束缚极化子结合能，在计算中包括了界面声子和体声子的影响给出了束缚极化子基态能量和结合能随阱宽变化的数值结果．研究发现，界面声子和体声子对结合能的贡献分别在窄阶和宽阱情况下起主导作用，总结合能随阱宽的增大而减小     

Covalent binding of aflatoxin B1 to liver DNA in rats pretreated with ethanol

Summary Male Fischer F-344 rats were given ethanol in the drinking water and/or by single oral administration. Following this, the animals received p.o. 100 ng/kg of the hepatocarcinogen [³H]aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁). 24 h later, the level of DNA-bound AFB₁ was determined in the liver and was found not to be affected by any type of ethanol pretreatment. A cocarcinogenic effect of ethanol in the liver is therefore unlikely to be due to an effect on the metabolic activation and inactivation processes governing the formation of DNA-binding AFB₁ metabolites.To whom correspondence should be addressed.Acknowledgment. We thank the European Science Foundation for the Toxicology Research Fellowship awarded to M.M.     

Functions of fatty acid binding proteins

Summary Cytosolic fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) belong to a gene family of which eight members have been conclusively identified. These 14–15 kDa proteins are abundantly expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner. Although the functions of the cytosolic FABP are not clearly established, they appear to enhance the transfer of long-chain fatty acids between artificial and native lipid membranes, and also to have a stimulatory effect on a number of enzymes of fatty acid metabolism in vitro. These findings, as well as the tissue expression, ligand binding properties, ontogeny and regulation of these proteins provide a considerable body of indirect evidence supporting a broad role for the FABP in the intracellular transport and metabolism of long-chain fatty acids. The available data also support the existence of structure- and tissue-specific specialization of function among different members of the FABP gene family. Moreover, FABP may also have a possible role in the modulation of cell growth and proliferation, possibly by virtue of their affinity for ligands such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes and fatty acids, which are known to influence cell growth activity. FABP structurally unrelated to the cytosolic gene family have also been identified in the plasma membranes of several tissues (FABP_pm). These proteins have not been fully characterized to date, but strong evidence suggests that they function in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane.     

香叶木苷的血浆蛋白结合率研究

研究香叶木苷的血浆蛋白结合率．以体外方式，用平衡透析法模拟香叶木苷在大鼠体内与血浆蛋白结合的过程，并以高效液相色谱法测定香叶木苷在透析袋内血浆中的药物质量浓度与透析袋外缓冲液中的质量浓度，计算血浆蛋白结合率．香叶木苷在血浆中药物质量浓度为1～90μg／mL范围内，其与大鼠血浆蛋白的结合率范围为29．83％～32．56％，波动较小，结果可靠．香叶木苷属于低血浆蛋白结合率药物，大部分药物分子以游离形式发挥药效．     

人类基因组中L1元件及其5′UTR的研究

讨论了L1在人类染色体中的分布密度与染色体长度以及L1的密度与基因密度之间的关系.发现在大多数染色体上L1的密度和染色体的长度表现为正相关,而L1的密度和染色体中基因的密度表现为负相关;对人类L1的5′UTR进行了详细的研究后,发现在L1元件的5′UTR部分含有许多转录因子结合位点.对基因的转录起始位点上游进行统计分析,发现其中含有大量的L1序列.通过对人类的EST数据库进行BLAST分析,新发现了51条和人类L1 5′UTR相似性较高的EST片断,根据它们分布的组织特异性,说明L1元件可能调控与发育过程有关的基因的表达;最后应用多样性增量的方法对人类和大鼠的L1 5′UTR进行了区分,得到了较好的预测结果,说明大部分L1的5′UTR的调控作用是人类特有的.     

GaAs/G_(a1-x)Al_xAs量子阱中激子的结合能

提出ρ和(Ze—Z_h)耦合试探波函数,计算了 GaAs/Ga_(I-x)Al_xAs量子阱中基态激子的结合能随阱宽和阱深的变化关系,并对所得结果进行了讨论。     

砝码表面状态预测及质量吸附修正研究动向

质量实物基准是所有基本量中唯一的实物基准,其缺点是容易受到环境的影响而造成质量的改变。总结了国内外计量院所对砝码表面状态预测方面的研究动向,指出了各国计量院所开展砝码表面状态预测研究的方向,包括:分析质量标准在"空气"和"真空"条件下传递时对质量标准造成的影响,建立砝码质量观测模型及吸附修正模型等。对砝码表面状态的研究和吸附修正技术的研究,最终可以提高质量测量的准确度,为即将到来的质量单位的重新定义研究打下技术基础。     

M（CH3 OH）1~4（M=Be2+/Mg2+/Ca2+）团簇的量子化学研究

应用量子化学方法 B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p),对气相团簇M(CH3OH)1~4(M=Be2+/Mg2+/Ca2+)的结构、能量进行计算,采用HF/STO-3G方法对电荷分布进行研究.结果表明,甲醇分子通过O原子配位于金属离子形成最稳定结构,金属与CH3OH中的O的距离由大到小为RCa-ORMg-ORBe-O,而结合能由大到小依次为Be2+Mg2+Ca2+.随着甲醇分子数n的增加,金属离子与O的距离RM-O逐渐增大,总结合能逐渐增大,连续结合能逐渐减小,金属离子所带的正电荷在逐渐减小,对于相同配位数n,Be2+的电荷转移量最大,Ca2+的电荷转移量最小;甲醇分子中各原子所得正电荷的大小顺序为H(-HO)H(-H3C)CO.     

血清胱抑素C和视黄醇结合蛋白联合检测对慢性肾小球肾炎诊断价值的研究

目的探讨联合检测血清胱抑素C(Cys C)和视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)在慢性肾小球肾炎诊断中的应用价值.方法选取50名慢性肾小球肾炎患者为观察组,50名健康体检者为对照组,分别对观察组和对照组血清Cys C以及RBP的含量进行测定,并分析其与慢性肾小球肾炎之间的关系.结果观察组和对照组Cys C的含量分别为(2.97±1.06),(0.95±0.62)mg/L,观察组明显高于对照组;RBP的含量观察组为(105±30.5)mg/L,相比于对照组的(38±10.3)mg/L明显升高;单项指标阳性率分别为Cys C 84%、RBP 76%,联合检测阳性检出率为90%,和单项指标相比阳性检出率明显提高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).对慢性肾小球肾炎患者的两项指标研究发现:血清Cys C和尿RBP的含量呈正相关(r=0.921,P0.05).结论慢性肾小球肾炎血清Cys C和RBP明显高于健康对照组,对慢性肾小球肾炎的诊断具有重要的临床价值.联合检测血清Cys C和RBP对慢性肾小球肾炎检出率和敏感性均明显高于单指标检测.