高Tc超导材料Bi_2Sr_2CuO_6和Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8的晶格振动对称性分析

本文运用群论方法,对高T_c Bi 系超导体中的Bi_2Sr_2CuO_(?)和Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8的晶格振动模进行了系统的对称性分类.给出了其布里渊区中(?)点,X 点和△线振动模式的对称分解和对称化基.     

YBaCuO双晶结的Josephson效应

优质的约瑟夫森结的制备不仅对研究高 T。超导体及其弱连接的物理特性,而且对于趣导电子学的应用方面都有着重要的意义,然而由于这些氧化物超导材料的相干长度很短,且各向异性,这给弱连接的制备造成了很大的障碍.近来许多种类的高 T_c 结的研究都有了较大的进展.本文报告了在双晶衬底上外延生长的 YBa_2Cu_3O_7薄膜所成的晶界结的约瑟夫森效应研究.双晶结的制备包括三个过程:(1)衬底的烧结;(2)YBa_2cu_3O_7,薄膜的淀积;(3)图形的制备.双晶使用两块(001)轴平行,(100)轴具有一定夹角的钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)加压烧结而     

I类超导体相变与气液相变的相似性

从等温方程和吉布斯函数出发，讨论了考虑几何效应后Ｉ类超导体的超导态，中间态和正常态的相变与气液相变的相似性。     

Nanoengineering of Flux Pinning Sites in High－Tc Superconductors

Volume pinning forces were determined for a variety of bulk high-Tc superconductors of the 123-type from magnetization measurements. By means of scaling of the pinning forces, the acting pinning mechanisms in various temperature ranges were identified. The Nd-based superconductors and some YBCO crystals exhibited a dominating pinning of the δTc-type (i.e., small, superconducting pinning sites). In contrast to this, the addition of insulating 211 particles provided pinning of the δl-type; providing effective pinning in the entire temperature range acting as a “background” pinning mechanism for the peak effect. Due to the small coherence lengths of the high-Tc compounds, effective pinning sites are defects or particles of nanometer size relative to ε^3. Integral magnetic measurements of the magnetization as a function of temperature in large applied magnetic fields (up to 7 T) revealed that practically all high-Tccompounds were spatially inhomogeneous, which could becaused by oxygen deficiency (YBCO), solid solutions of Nd/Ba (NdBCO and other light rare earth compounds), intergrowths (Bi-based superconductors), and doping by pair-breaking dopants like Zn, Pr. This implies that the superconducting sample consists of stronger and weaker superconducting areas, coupled together. In large applied fields, this coupling gets broken and the magnetization versus temperature curves revealed more than one superconducting transition. In contrast, irradiation experiments by neutrons, protons,and heavy-ions enabled the artificial introduction of very effective pinning sites into the high-Tc superconductors, thus creating a large variety of different observations using magnetic data. From all these observations, we construct a pinning diagram for bulk high-Tc superconductors explaining many featuresobserved in high-Tc samples.     

HgBa2Can-1CunO2n+2+δ(n=1,2,3)体系的压力效应

和的超导转变温度分别为97,128和135K,是迄今为止具有一层、二层和三层CuO_2平面铜氧化物超导体中的最高值。令人感兴趣的是,Hg系超导体对压力非常敏感,当压力P增加到31 GPa时,理想掺杂的HgBa_2Ca_2Cu_3O_8 δ的T_c可达到创纪录高的164 K。研究表明体系在整个掺杂范围表现出超导性质,T_c与CuO_2平面内的空穴浓度(n_H)之间存在着倒抛物线的依赖关系。而且,初始压力系数随氧含量(δ)而变化,并且在过掺杂区也保持正值。这些结果暗示了在常压下通过元素替代或电荷转移以施加“内压力”获得同样高T_c的可能性。     

YBa2Cu3Oy体系中MgO纳米颗粒对磁通钉扎的影响

众所周知,氧化物超导体在高温高场下J_c值偏低及显著的磁通运动效应,阻碍了它的各种应用.因此,引进新的钉扎中心,如各种点缺陷(阴阳离子空位、部分元素替代和扩展型缺陷(如离子辐照产生的柱状缺陷)等,提高其J_c,研究相关的钉扎机制,具有理论和实际的双重意义.另外,实验发现,织构化的Y系样品在很大的温度和磁场范围内具有较高的临界电流,显然与样品内具有微米或亚微米尺寸的211脱溶物直接或间接引起的磁通钉扎有关.这说明大尺度的非超导粒子对磁通钉扎也有显著的强化效应.我们在YBa_2Cu_3O_y.体系中引入尺寸约为200nm的MgO纳米颗粒添加物,研究它对临界     

Si上Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O7-x超导膜分形现象的AFM观察

利用射频磁控溅射方法,在Si衬底上用YSZ(Y稳定的ZrO_2)作为缓冲层成功地淀积了Bi_2Sr_2Ca_1Cu_2O_(7-x)(BSCCO)超导膜,其零电阻温度T_c=82K.在利用原子力显微镜(AFM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)作材料的表面形貌和微结构观察分析时,首次在BSCCO超导膜中观察到了分形晶化,并测得其分形维数d=1.795,本文报道了这一观察结果.     

B_4C在铁基摩擦材料中的作用及机理

通过X射线衍射相分析、光电子谱分析及金相分析等手段，对B4C在铁基摩擦材料中的作用及机理进行了研究，结果表明，B4C在铁基摩擦材料加压烧结过程中能与铁发生反应，生成一种新相Fe2B．在摩擦磨损过程中，加入的B4C并没有直接起到摩擦组元的作用，而是通过生成的Fe2B起作用．在一般负荷工作条件下，Fe2B主要起摩擦组元的作用；在重负荷工作条件下，Fe－Fe2B共晶体起润滑组元的作用．     

激光扫描淀积原位生长高TC超导薄膜

用激光束扫描淀积的方法，成功地在ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ），ＬａＡｌＯ３基片原位生长高质量的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－ｘ高温超导薄膜，其临界温度达到９０Ｋ以上，ＳＥＭ及ＸＲＤ分析表明，薄膜沿Ｃ轴择优外延生长，其结晶性很好，表现光滑均匀。     

Role of doping and oxygen content in supercon—ductivity of La2CuO4＋δ

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