The effect of nicotine on blood pressure in the genetically hypertensive mouse

Summary Mice genetically selected for high and low blood pressure were exposed to nicotine via a single injected dose or addition to drinking water for 52 weeks. In the acute study, the response of mice with high blood pressure was a statistically significant increase in blood pressure. In the chronic study the pattern of response to nicotine ingestion was similar for mice with high blood pressure and those with low. Both lines responded with an increase in blood pressure after 6 weeks followed by a decrease to below baseline blood pressure at 12 weeks.This research was supported in part by an allocation from the General Research Fund of the University of Kansas.     

烟碱降解菌CW6菌株的分离鉴定及其降解特性

以烟碱为唯一碳源,从湖北省襄阳市烟叶种植土壤中分离得到1株烟碱降解菌,命名为CW6,经常规的形态观察、生理生化分析以及16SrDNA序列同源性分析,初步鉴定该菌株为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas).CW6菌株降解烟碱最适温度为30℃.当烟碱质量浓度为2.0g/L时,烟碱降解率达到88.18%.当烟碱质量浓度达到5.5g/L时,烟碱降解率达到45.83%.当烟碱质量浓度高于6.5g/L时,菌株生长和烟碱降解率均呈下降趋势,烟碱降解率低于8.53%.CW6菌株在烟碱质量浓度为2.0g/L的烟碱培养基中培养,不同时间样品紫外扫描显示:0h在259nm处有吸收波峰,A259值为0.9946,当培养时间达到48h时,259nm处烟碱特征吸收峰降低至0.1370.     

Mediation by nitric oxide of neurally-induced human cerebral artery relaxation

Human cerebral artery strips relaxed in response to non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic vasodilator nerve stimulation by electrical pulses or nicotine. The relaxation response was abolished by treatment with N^G-nitro-L-arginine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; the inhibitory effect was reversed by L-, but not D-, arginine. Nitric oxide-induced relaxation was unaffected. These findings support the hypothesis that nitric oxide plays a crucial role, possibly as neurotransmitter, in transmitting information from vasodilator nerve to smooth muscle in human cerebral arteries.     

2-（4-Pyridyl）imino nitroxide-tetraphenylporphyrin zinc（II）： A chemosensing ensemble for nicotine

2-(4-Pyridyl)imino nitroxide and tetraphenylporphyrin zinc(Ⅱ) formed a stable complex by noncovalent bonding in a nonpolar solution.Nicotine displaced 2-(4-pyridyl)imino nitroxide when it was added to a solution of 2-(4-pyridyl)imino nitrox-ide-tetraphenylporphyrin zinc(Ⅱ).The fluorescence intensity of tetraphenylporphyrin zinc(Ⅱ) was altered by sequentially addition of 2-(4-pyridyl)imino nitroxide and nicotine.This was used to develop a new method for detection of nicotine.     

废弃烟叶的综合利用现状

在废弃烟叶的综合利用中可得到烟碱、茄尼醇、氨基酸、有机酸、有机复混肥及活性碳等烟草产品.通过对烟叶中各种有用成分的提取、纯化和测量,对它们的性质有了进一步的了解,特别是对茄尼醇在光照下以及在不同溶剂中的稳定性有更进一步的认识.结合国内外废次烟叶综合利用情况,归纳和比较了烟碱、茄尼醇的主要提取和测量方法,总结了各种烟草提取物的性质及应用,以便更好地利用废次烟叶,得到更多有价值的烟草产品.     

荷移光度法测定烟草中烟碱的含量

研究了7,7,8,8-四氰基对二次甲基苯醌(TCNQ)与烟碱的荷移反应, 确定 了反 应条件. TCNQ与烟碱形成络合物的反应在743 nm和842 nm处有较强光吸收, 表观摩尔吸 光 系数分别是4.84×10³ L· mol^－１·cm^－１和8.82 ×10³ L· mol^－１·cm^－１. 在乙醇介质中, 烟碱 的浓度在3～35 mg/L与吸光度关系符合朗伯-比尔定律; 该方法重现性好、 灵敏度高、 操 作简单 , 用于测定烟草中烟碱含量, 精密度好, 相对标准偏差为1.4%(n=9), 烟碱的回收 率为98%～103%, 结果令人满意.     

尼古丁分子印迹聚邻氨基酚敏感膜传感器

研制了电化学聚合制备尼古丁分子印迹聚邻氨基酚敏感膜传感器,并对分子印迹膜的结构和性能进行了探讨与研究.在弱酸性条件下,以邻氨基酚为单体,尼古丁为模板分子,用循环伏安法电聚合成膜制备传感器.该传感器对尼古丁具有良好的选择性和敏感度,用恒电位计时安培法,尼古丁浓度在4.0×10-7～3.3×10-5mol/L范围内与电流增量成线性关系,检测下限为2.0×10-7mol/L,加标回收率在99%～102%之间.     

烟草和元麦叶肉原生质体吸收尼古丁机制的研究

用 EA_3-867纤维素酶分离的烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)和元麦(Hordeum distichon)叶肉原生质体,分别保温在尼古丁溶液中,用紫外分光光度计测定它们对尼古丁的吸收。结果表明,这两种原生质体能迅速地吸收尼古丁;原生质体吸收尼古丁的量,随介质尼古丁浓度的升高而增多;在生理学pH范围内,介质的pH对原生质体吸收尼古丁没有多大的影响。初步认为,这两种原生质体对尼古丁的吸收是一种简单的扩散机制。     

固相微萃取法测定卷烟主流烟气中的游离烟碱

通过顶空固相微萃取进样器(HS-SPME)对卷烟主流烟气剑桥滤片中的游离烟碱进行萃取,并用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)进行外标法定量分析,对溶剂、萃取纤维、预平衡时间、萃取时间、萃取温度、脱附时间等分析条件进行了优化.同时建立了滤片不同含水量对游离烟碱测定影响的校正曲线,根据实际样品主流烟气粒相物水分的含量对游离烟碱的...     

表面增强拉曼光谱研究尼古丁与金属纳米粒子的相互作用

以金、银纳米及Au@Ag、Au-Ag合金复合纳米粒子为基底,研究尼古丁分子的表面增强拉曼光谱,讨论分子在4种纳米粒子表面的作用方式及可能的吸附取向.结果表明,分子在金纳米和Au-Ag合金纳米粒子表面的吸附取向相同——垂直吸附,不同的是与金纳米粒子形成了稳定的N-Au键;由于银纳米粒子和Au@Ag核壳纳米粒子表面均富含大...