开放式公路收费站点信息化技术的实践与运用

据统计，目前我国有3112个收费站点覆盖所有的收费公路及桥隧，共利用贷款及国内外经济组织投资金额4381．6亿元，近年来平均年收费约386．4亿元，目前尚有还贷余额262O．1亿元。因此，如何加强公路收费站点的收费管理，使“贷款修路，收费还贷”政策得以正确执行，让我国的公路建设走向良性循环，是收费管理工作应认真思考的问题。本文根据工作实践，从浙江省开放式公路通行费统缴车辆的现状出发，通过信息化技术在收费公路管理中的运用，提高收费管理水平，避免国有资产流失，使我国的“收费还贷”功能得以顺利实施。     

多车型多准则SUE模型及在通行费清分中的应用

为解决联网收费路网中因车辆行驶路径难以确定而给通行费清分带来的困难,考虑到通行费额与收费入出口点和车型有关这一事实,提出利用联网收费路网的入出口流量,通过建立多车型多准则的随机用户均衡SUE模型来计算路段流量,以实现通行费的清分,并根据部分路段实测的交通流量来调整模型中的校正系数．算例结果表明该方法实用有效,能够实现通行费的准确清分．     

Managing redistribution of toll revenue with user heterogeneity

With the explicit consideration of user heterogeneity, i.e., each user has a different value of time （VOT）, this paper examines the system efficiency and social equity of toll revenue redistribution in a bi-mode transportation system. Three schemes of distributing the road toll revenue are proposed, which respectively consider efficiency, equity, as well as efficiency and equity together. With mild assumptions, we prove that the number of auto-motorists decreases and the total social cost increases with transit subsidy share when only marginal operating cost of the transit is covered by its fare. However, when average fixed cost of the transit is further covered, the total social cost is a ＂U＂ shape curve against the transit subsidy share. Numerical results show that the well designed toll revenue redistribution schemes can make the system more equitable while keeping high efficiency. With the increase of user heterogeneity, the Gini coefficient becomes larger while the total social cost goes down.     

撤销二级公路收费站对通行费征收的影响

<正>我国的公路收费政策出台于1987年,当时,由于交通建设欠账多,群众"行路难",因此,国家在1984年出台养路费征收政策后,又出台了公路收费政策。这两项政策打开了公路建设资金紧缺的"瓶颈",为交通大发展提供了坚实支撑。设立公路收费站,对政府还贷和地方经济发展有着不可估量的作用。但是,随着时间的推移