磷石膏固结体强度规律模型的建立与研究

通过分析磷石膏固结体强度影响因素与强度的线性关系,利用数学因子分析法建立了其强度因子分析模型,得出影响其强度性能因素有外加剂、灰砂比、水灰比这三个指标,且影响程度为外加剂>灰砂比>水灰比;基于霍夫模型和强度因子模型建立了磷石膏固结体强度规律模型,得出了固结体抗压强度与其成分体积、密度之间的定量关系;通过实验验证了两个模型的正确性和适用性,得出了两种不同体系下的强度规律公式,并结合ESEM图像得出σo和b值的大小与磷石膏固结体中灰砂比呈线性关系。     

Research on quantitative assessment of climate change risk at an urban scale: Review of recent progress and outlook of future direction

Cities are not only major contributors to global climate change but also stand at the forefront of climate change impact. Quantifying and assessing the risk potentially induced by climate change has great significance for cities to undertake positive climate adaptation and risk prevention. However, most of the previous studies focus on global, national or regional dimensions, only a few have attempted to examine climate change risk at an urban scale and even less in the case of a recent literature review. As a result, a quantitative assessment of climate change risk for cities remains highly challenging. To fill this gap, the article makes a critical review of the recent literature on urban-scale climate change risk assessment, and classifies them into four major categories of studies which jointly constitute a stepwise modelling chain from global climate change towards urban-scale risk assessment. On this basis, the study summarizes the updated research progresses and discusses the major challenges to be overcome for the seamless coupling of climate simulation between different scales, the reproduction of compound climate events, the incorporation of non-market and long-lasting impacts and the representation of risk transmission insides or beyond a city. Furthermore, future directions to advance quantitative assessment of urban-scale climate change risk are highlighted, with fresh insights into improving study methodology, enriching knowledge of climate change impact on city, enhancing abundance and accessibility to data, and exploring the best practice to provide city-specific climate risk service.     

钻井泵活塞台架试验的铁谱监测

在钻井泵活塞台架寿命试验的监测中,应用定量铁谱技术对其磨屑的生成、变化进行了跟踪观察、摄影、扫描电镜(SEM)及X射线能谱分析,并对铁谱片上的磨粒复盖面积进行了适时测量,取得了大量的数据,并据此作出了一系列与磨损的铁谱监测有关的检测曲线。结合具有特征的金属磨粒出现及对所生成的胶屑的分析,为试验活塞的失效提供了有效的判据。     

对压裂裂缝监测结果的质疑及井网参数的改进

作为人工压裂缝监测的一种有效手段,微地震监测技术能够定量表征压裂裂缝的方位、缝高、缝长、缝宽,为水平井的井网参数设计和分段压裂参数的设计提供了有力的技术支撑。但是在实际应用过程中,存在着大量微地震解释结果与矿场分析结果相矛盾的情况,本文从矿场压裂施工曲线特征、压裂施工井口返液情况、重复压裂效果、水平井注采反应特征等方面与微地震定量解释结果进行对比分析,指出了缝高、缝长、缝宽等参数量化解释结果存在明显偏大的倾向,讨论了量化结果偏大产生的原因,提出了进一步对水平井井网和分段压裂参数进行优化的方向,优化后的实践结果验证了优化方向的正确性。     

Does democracy require value-neutral science? Analyzing the legitimacy of scientific information in the political sphere

Philosophers now commonly reject the value free ideal for science by arguing that non-epistemic values, including personal or social values, are permissible within the core of scientific research. However, little attention has been paid to the normative political consequences of this position. This paper explores these consequences and shows how political theory is fruitful for proceeding in a world without value-neutral science. I draw attention to an oft-overlooked argument employed by proponents of the value free ideal I dub the “political legitimacy argument.” This argument claims that the value-free ideal follows directly from the foundational principles of liberal democracy. If so, then the use of value-laden scientific information within democratic decision making would be illegitimate on purely political grounds. Despite highlighting this unaddressed and important argument, I show how it can be rejected. By appealing to deliberative democratic theory, I demonstrate scientific information can be value-laden and politically legitimate. The deliberative democratic account I develop is well suited for capturing the intuitions of many opponents of the value free ideal and points to a new set of questions for those interested in values in science.     

地质构造形态定量研究初探

构造地质学的基础工作是研究褶皱与断层的形态。以往对于地质构造形态的研究,主要是定性地描述;或者在地形平坦的条件下,求褶皱的横截面与断层的总滑距。近年来,D.M.拉根所著《构造地质学——几何方法导论》一书,全面介绍了用几何方法研究构造形态的方法。他在书中介绍了在地形起伏情况下作褶皱横截面图的方法,但在某些情况下应用有局限性,作图方法较为复杂。书中没有介绍在地形起伏情况下如何求断层总滑距的方法。现在本文作者在前人工作的基础上,提出另一种在地形起伏情况下作褶皱横截面图的方法,这种方法在较少情况下应用有局限性,作图方法较为简便。作者在此同时提出了作褶皱纵截面图与顶(底)截面图的二种方法,以便能够全面定量地研究褶皱的形态。作者在此还提出了在地形起伏情况下求断层总滑距的方法,以及在构造等高线图上求断层面形态。总滑距与褶皱三个方向截面图的方法。     

直链伯醇结构与熔点关系的拓扑化学研究

用拓扑方法探讨了直链伯醇的熔点与分子结构的关系，提出一个结构基础明确的定关系式。对甲醇到１－三十四烷醇的计算结果表明，计算值与实验值的一致性令人满意。应用这一定量关系，不仅能够合理表征直链全醇的结构性能关系，而且有助有助于揭示物质结构与性能关系这间的奥秘。．     

数量化模型Ⅰ在林业上的应用

本文利用数量化模型Ⅰ的理论。确定影响林分生长的主导因子。分析研究林分生长与立地质量的关系。     

城郊地租结构原理初步研究

从理论上剖析了郊区地租城市地租的数量结构和空间结构，给出了城郊地租的来源与数量关联模式，以及城郊地租控间关联模型，对丰富目前我国城市地租理论和批导有关土地实践工作有一定的意义。