Hydrothermal plume anomalies along the Central Indian Ridge

Water column turbidity and temperature were investigated along the Central Indian Ridge （CIR） from 25°19＇S to 23°48＇S during a December 2005 cruise on board Chinese PJV DayangYihao. Measurements were made using NOAA＇s MAPR （Miniature Autonomous Plume Recorder） sensors during CTD casts, TV grabber operations, and tow-yo profiles, yielding the following results on hydrothermal plume anomalies： （1） Strong hydrothermal turbidity and temperature anomalies were recorded over the previously discovered Kairei （25°19.2＇S, 70°02.4＇E） and Edmond （23°52.7＇S, 69°35.8＇E） vent fields, with the plume anomalies concentrated at depths of 2150--2300 m and 2700--2900 m, respectively. The maximum height of the turbidity anomalies near the Kairei vent field recorded in December 2005 was slightly below 2100 m, which is consistent with the plume depth measured in June 2001, indicating that the Kairei plume may have maintained its buoyancy flux in the intervening 4.5 years. （2） The water column beneath the Kairei plume has background anomalies of about 0.005ANTU, whereas no such background turbidity anomalies were observed below the Edmond hydrothermal plume. （3） No visible turbidity anomalies were detected from 24°42＇S to 24°12＇S including the Knorr Seamount. Thus 24°12＇S marks the southern end of the hydrothermal plume. （4） Significant turbidity anomalies were observed at four individual sections from 24°12＇S to 23°56＇S at the depth of 2500--3000 m along the eastern rift valley wall. Whether the individual sections of anomalies are connected is still unknown due to the absence of data at the intervening gaps. If the four sections are connected with each other and are linked to the Edmond vent field farther to the north, the total along-axis length of the plume anomaly would be more than 37 km, implying a plume incidence value Ph of 0.38, greater than the predicted Ph of 0.21 --0.25 based on the spreading rate of the Central Indian Ridge.     

21世纪的极地科学探索——面临的机遇和挑战

21世纪,极地系统的快速变化使人类面临着严峻的挑战,也给极地科学发展带来机遇。极地科学的发展将围绕全球气候变化和极地环境变化的研究和评估展开,更加强调多学科和全球化,注意时间和空间尺度上突破。突出研究极区在全球变化中的作用的同时,加强对南极的监测和保护,关注人类活动对南极地区的影响,合理利用南极的资源尤其是生物资源也是21世纪列入各国南极研究的任务之一。     

基于BIRCH-LKD的在站车辆中时异常检测算法

针对铁路车辆在站中转作业异常较多的情况,提出基于BIRCH-LKD的在站车辆中时异常检测算法.该算法以车辆中时序列为研究对象,不考虑异常值的具体形式,对序列分组,引入中时序列特征向量,做类球形簇转化;采用基于划分的显性异常检测方法得到中时序列特征向量的聚类特征树,查找序列显性异常,缩小异常检测范围;利用隐性异常检测算法计算剩余数据对象的K距离,根据距离差值变化规律,筛选序列隐性异常;最后,利用中时序列中位数异常判定条件,排除下界异常,实现中时序列的异常检测.实验结果表明,该算法检出率高,能够快速识别中时序列异常值,有效率达85%以上,去除异常值后的中时序列符合实际情况的趋势且更加平稳.      

基于CFD的空化喷嘴结构参数研究

利用空化特性使喷嘴显著提高射流的清洗效果。利用CFD工具对空化喷嘴内外流场进行了两相流的数值模拟。比较分析了不同进气压力、水和空气进入空化腔的角度和空气进入空化腔的位置对流场的影响,并对仿真结果进行了分析研究。结果表明,随着进气压力的增加,经喷嘴射流的流体速度增加,出口含水量减少。水进入空化腔角度为10°,空气进入空化腔角度为135°,且入射位置距空化腔左侧壁8 mm处时喷嘴具有较好的冲洗能力,并且射程较远。计算结果为喷嘴的进一步设计和研究提供了有益的参考。