Which survey indicators are useful for monitoring consumption? Evidence from European countries

This paper assesses the information content of two survey indicators for consumption developments in the near future for eight European countries in the period 1985–1998. Empirical work on this topic typically focuses on consumer confidence, the perceptions of buyers of consumption goods. This paper examines whether perceptions of sellers of consumption goods, measured by retail trade surveys, may also improve short‐term monitoring of consumption. We find that both consumer confidence and retailer confidence embody valuable information, when analysed in isolation. For France, Italy and Spain we conclude that adding retail confidence does not improve the indicator model once consumer confidence has been included. For the UK the reverse case is obtained. For the remaining four countries we show that combining consumer sentiment and retail trade confidence into a composite indicator leads to optimal results. Our results suggest that incorporating information from retail trade surveys may offer significant benefits for the analysis of short‐term prospects of consumption. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西藏高山草原土放线菌研究初探

本文采用常规方法研究西藏6个分布于海拔4,240～4,850m 的高山草原土的放线菌数量,对从6个土样中分离纯化所得的454株放线菌中选出具有代表性的84株菌进行分离鉴定。结果表明:西藏同一土类不同土样中放线菌数量差异很大;84株代表性菌可分为9个属,链霉菌属(76.2%)占优势。     

计算复特征灵敏度的代数法

对于复特征灵敏度分析问题，文中给出了一种代数法求解公式。从理论分析的角度来说，所提出的方法既适全于单频，也适合于重频。为了说明算法的数值稳定性，文中给出了严格的数学证明。     

Timed bromocriptine administration reduces body fat stores in obese subjects and hyperglycemia in type II diabetics.

Obese postmenopausal female volunteers were given timed daily oral dosages of bromocriptine, and tested for reduction of body fat stores. This dopamine agonist has been shown to reset circadian rhythms that are altered in obese animals and to reduce body fat levels in several animal models. The participants were instructed not to alter their existing exercise and eating behavior during treatment. Skinfold measurements were taken on 33 subjects as indices of body fat. The measurements (e.g., suprailiac) were reduced after six weeks by about 25%, which represents a reduction of 11.7% of the total body fat. These dramatic decreases in body fat, which are equivalent to that produced by severe caloric restriction, were accompanied by more modest reductions of body weight (2.5%), indicating a possible conservation of protein that is usually lost as a consequence of such caloric restriction. The effects of bromocriptine treatment on body fat and hyperglycemia were also examined in non-insulin dependent diabetics being treated with oral hypoglycemics (7 subjects) or insulin (7 subjects). Total body fat was reduced by 10.7% and 5.1% in diabetics on oral hypoglycemics and insulin, respectively, without any significant reductions in body weight. Hyperglycemia was reduced in most of the 15 diabetic subjects treated leading to euglycemia and even cessation of hypoglycemic drugs in 3 of the 7 subjects during 4-8 weeks of bromocriptine treatment. These findings support the hypothesis that obesity and type II diabetes may be treated effectively with bromocriptine when administered at the proper times and dosages.     

碱金属对焦炭反应性和反应后强度的影响

作者通过焦炭的浸碱试验，阐述了碱金属对焦炭反应性和反应后强度的影响，认为碱金属加速了焦炭的气化反应。显微组织研究表明，气化后的焦炭有明显的烧蚀现象。由此产生裂隙，形成许多脆弱薄壁的连通孔，导致焦炭强度下降，块度变小     

DA-201树脂吸附酚的研究

本文确定了DA-201树脂吸附水中酚的吸附等温式,并得到了这一吸附体系中的粒内有效扩散系数.     

动力减振实验装置的结构设计与研制

介绍动力减振实验装置的结构、实验的方法、步验与数据处理。实验结果表明所采用的设计方法是合理的、可行的。     

绿豆子叶衰老过程中线粒体膜对几种氨基酸的透性

采用线粒体膨胀技术就不同衰老程度的绿豆子叶线粒体膜对氨基酸的透性进行了测定，结果表明，随着绿豆子叶的衰老，离体线粒体膜在脯氨酸、丝氨酸和甘氨酸等渗溶液中的膨胀率从２ｄ龄至５ｄ龄子叶逐渐下降，５ｄ龄时，线粒体结构与功能已受到明显破坏，文中对膨胀率下降的原因进行了讨论。