Voltage-dependent InsP3-insensitive calcium channels in membranes of pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum vesicles.

Stimulus-secretion coupling in exocrine glands involves Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. In endoplasmic reticulum vesicle preparations from rat exocrine pancreas, an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate(InsP3)-sensitive, as well as an InsP3-insensitive, Ca2+ pool has been characterized. But Ca2+ channels in the endoplasmic reticulum of rat exocrine pancreas have not been demonstrated at the level of single-channel current. We have now used the patch-clamp technique on endoplasmic reticulum vesicles fused by means of the dehydration-rehydration method. In excised patches, single Ba2(+)- and Ca2(+)-selective channels were recorded. The channel activity was markedly voltage-dependent. Caffeine increased channel open-state probability, whereas ruthenium red and Cd2+ blocked single-channel currents. Ryanodine, nifedipine and heparin had no effect on channel activity. The channel activity was not dependent on the free Ca2+ concentration, the presence of InsP3, or pH. We conclude that this calcium channel mediates Ca2+ release from an intracellular store through an InsP3-insensitive mechanism.     

Different voltage-dependent thresholds for inducing long-term depression and long-term potentiation in slices of rat visual cortex

In the hippocampus and neocortex, high-frequency (tetanic) stimulation of an afferent pathway leads to long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission. In the hippocampus it has recently been shown that long-term depression (LTD) of excitatory transmission can also be induced by certain combinations of synaptic activation. In most hippocampal and all neocortical pathways studied so far, the induction of LTP requires the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-gated conductances. Here we report that LTD can occur in neurons of slices of the rat visual cortex and that the same tetanic stimulation can induce either LTP or LTD depending on the level of depolarization of the postsynaptic neuron. By applying intracellular current injections or pharmacological disinhibition to modify the depolarizing response of the postsynaptic neuron to tetanic stimulation, we show that the mechanisms of induction of LTD and LTP are both postsynaptic. LTD is obtained if postsynaptic depolarization exceeds a critical level but remains below a threshold related to NMDA receptor-gated conductances, whereas LTP is induced if this second threshold is reached.     

d—BCS^—的制取及对某些钴（Ⅲ）络合物的拆分与识别研究

研究了用△-(-)_D-[Co(en)_2(C_2O_4]~+及∧-(+)_D-[Co(en)_2(C_2O_4)]~+拆分NH_4(dL-BCS)的方法,制得了两种难溶非对映异构体盐的单晶:△-(-)_D-[Co(en)_2(C_2O_4)](d-BCS).3.5H_2O(Ⅰ)与∧-(+)_D-[Co(en)_2(C_2O_4)](L-BCS)2.5H_2O(Ⅱ)。探讨了晶体中可能的识别模式,用自制的 NH_4(d-BCS)简便地拆分了Cis-[Co(en)_2(NO_2)_2]~+;部分拆分了[(Co(en)_2(gly)]~(2+);讨论了 d-BCS~-对络合物的识别作用。     

铬电沉积过程及H2SO4的作用

在铬镀液(CrO_3/H_2SO_4=250/2.5Wt.)中,电流扫描实验结果表明,铬在玻璃碳电极上沉积需要成核过电位;而在铜电极上不需要成核过电位,其晶核由电极表面氧化膜(CuO CrOH)还原生成的金属Cr提供。铬电沉积前后,CrO_3还原机理不同,H_2SO_4 的作用也不同,沉积前,H_2SO_4的作用主要是活化电极表面,促使CrO_3还原,同时还使表面氧化膜溶解。沉积后,H_2SO_4 则起着保持电极表面附近阴极膜相对稳定的作用,还可能与 Cr(Ⅳ)形成易还原的配合物。     

同心环隙有压科特(Couette)流总论

本文利用恒定流动量矩定律以及科特流与槽道流的动力相似性,对外环固定,内环以恒速旋转且压力梯度 p/ θ为正的同心环隙科特流导出了两环面切应力、流速极坏面或流速拐环面及其坐标的方程。这些方程是由2个无因次参变量c_(f1)/c_(f2)·1/η~2,Pr= p/ θ·(η~2-1)/2c_(f1)ρV_0~2所构成的显函数方程组。本文明确地提出了科特数Pr作为环隙科特流的判据与准则的概念,根据它的值,可以把这种流动划分为以下4类: Pr=0 无压( p/ θ=0)环隙科特流。 Pr=1 类似半槽道流的有压环隙科特流,此时静环面切应力为零,流速分布曲线垂直于静环面。 Pr≥1 第1类有压环隙科特流,流扬中存在零切应力环与流速极环面。 0≤Pr≤1 第2类有压环隙科特流,流场中一般地存在流速拐环面。上述分类也把无压平面科特流,有压平面科特流以及槽道流作为特例包括在它的范畴之中。     

硫酸盐法竹浆蒸煮终点控制的研究

本文对竹子硫酸盐法制浆过程中主要工艺参数进行了试验研究,找出了它们之间的关系,并建立了预报蒸煮终点纸浆硬度的经验公式,为电子计算机控制蒸煮过程提供了可靠依据.