激光冲击过程中液相区流体力学模型及仿真

在激光冲击处理过程中,光斑为mm尺度下,研究脉冲激光辐射带有透明约束层及深色涂层的靶材时,考虑了可能出现液相区的情况下,初步建立了激光冲击处理液相区的理论模型.根据流体动力学的质量连续性、动量守恒和能量守恒基本方程,建立了液相区的力学方程.初始条件采用Zhang Wenwu等人的改进模型,并利用Matlab对其进行了研究分析.着重研究了初始激光功率密度分别为20TW/m2和40TW/m2时液相区对冲击波峰值压力的影响,并用CFD软件进行了仿真计算.结果表明:液相区对峰值压力的影响是存在的,在需要精确计算峰值压力的情况下,液相区的影响是不可忽略的.     

英国部分公立科研机构经费管理研究

以英国部分公立科研机构为例，分析了该国科研机构在科研经费来源、使用及管理方面的现状与做法，在此基础上对英国公立科研机构在经费管理不同方面的经验与特点进行了总结。     

A new DNA algorithm to solve graph coloring problem

Using a small quantity of DNA molecules and little experimental time to solve complex problems successfully is a goal of DNA computing. Some NP-hard problems have been solved by DNA computing with lower time complexity than conventional computing. However, this advantage often brings higher space complexity and needs a large number of DNA encoding molecules. One example is graph coloring problem. Current DNA algorithms need exponentially increasing DNA encoding strands with the growing of problem size. Here we propose a new DNA algorithm of graph coloring problem based on the proof of four-color theorem. This algorithm has good properties of needing a relatively small number of operations in polynomial time and needing a small number of DNA encoding molecules (we need only 6R DNA encoding molecules if the number of regions in a graph is R).     

基于战略管理的我国证券监管分析

证券市场是我国经济生活中最受人瞩目的市场，对证券市场监管的分析很多。本文试图从战略管理的角度对我国的证券监管进行一些分析，为提高证券监管水平，实施证券市场的市场化战略提出新的思路。     

A High-Moment Trapezoidal Fuzzy Random Portfolio Model with Background Risk

In most exiting portfolio selection models, security returns are assumed to have random or fuzzy distributions. However, uncertainties exist in actual financial markets. Markets are associated not only with inherent risk, but also with background risk that results from the differences among individual investors. This paper investigated the compliance of stock yields to the fuzzy-natured high-order moments of random numbers in order to develop a high-moment trapezoidal fuzzy random portfolio risk model based on variance, skewness, and kurtosis. Data obtained from the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange was used to assess the influence on the proposed model of both background risk and the maximum level of satisfaction of the portfolio. The empirical results demonstrated that the differences between the maximum and minimum variance, skewness, and kurtosis values of the portfolio were positively correlated with the variance of the background risk.     

基于遗传算法的风机塔筒优化设计

开展塔筒优化设计可以有效降低塔筒制造成本,针对现有塔筒优化设计方法的不足,提出了一种基于遗传算法的风机塔筒优化设计方法.介绍了基于遗传算法的风机塔筒优化设计方法.以某型1.5 MW风机塔筒为例开展优化设计,结果表明:在满足塔筒安全可靠的情况下,采用遗传算法能够有效实现塔筒优化设计,与传统设计方案相比可将塔筒质量减轻约10.3%.     

改性表面增强拉曼基底对几种重金属的定量检测

重金属离子对水质及其应用有着严重的影响,开发高选择性及灵敏度的重金属离子检测平台在水资源保护中有着重要的意义。采用4-巯基苯甲酸功能化金纳米粒子为载体制备的表面增强拉曼(SERS)溶胶基底,对水溶液中Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、As~(3+)等重金属离子具有较强的选择性和较高的灵敏度。实验发现,SERS基底对Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和As~(3+)的拉曼检测光谱在1 047、1 075、1 587cm~(-1)附近有着明显的振动频带位移及峰强变化。通过对溶胶基底优化得到了性能优异的增强基底,能够实现对3种重金属离子的区分,对重金属的检出限可达0.1mg/L,并在0.5～100mg/L范围呈线性关系,并成功的对真实水样中Pb~(2+)进行了加标验证实验。该基底提供了一个快速、便捷的重金属鉴别检测方法,且具有较好的增强效果和重金属定量分析能力,为水中重金属离子的高效检测提供了有效手段。     

Microstructure-based multiphysics modeling for semiconductor integration and packaging

Semiconductor technology and packaging is advancing rapidly toward system integration where the packaging is co-designed and co-manufactured along with the wafer fabrication. However, materials issues, in par- ticular the mesoscale microstructure, have to date been excluded from the integrated product design cycle of electronic packaging due to the myriad of materials used and the complex nature of the material phenomena that require a multiphysics approach to describe. In the context of the materials genome initiative, we present an overview of a series of studies that aim to establish the linkages between the material microstructure and its responses by considering the multiple perspectives of the various mul- tiphysics fields. The microstructure was predicted using thermodynamic calculations, sharp interface kinetic models, phase field, and phase field crystal modeling techniques. Based on the predicted mesoscale microstruc- ture, linear elastic mechanical analyses and electromigra- tion simulations on the ultrafine interconnects were performed. The microstructural index extracted by a method based on singular value decomposition exhibits a monotonous decrease with an increase in the interconnect size. An artificial neural network-based fitting revealed a nonlinear relationship between the microstructure index and the average yon Mises stress in the ultrafine interconnects. Future work to address the randomness of microstructure and the resulting scatter in the reliability is discussed in this study.     

旅游纪念品的地域性特色研究

随着旅游事业的不断发展,旅游中的人文成分逐渐继景点观光之后成为了人们旅游的另一个主要需求。旅游纪念品成为旅游业中的重要组成部分,但是,我们应该看到旅游纪念品不仅是某个地方历史和文化的象征与载体,是该地区向外部展示的一个窗口,更是这个地方与别的地方不同的符号特征。所以,想要凸显出某个地域的旅游产品的独有特色,就一定要在尊重其独有的地域特色的基础上,在引起游客购买欲的前提下,将本地的文化和历史的传承作为设计师的主要责任。