Importance of NPA motifs in the expression and function of water channel aquaporin-1

The asparagine-proline-alanine sequences (NPA motifs) are highly conserved in aquaporin water channel family. Crystallographic studies of AQP1 structure demonstrated that the two NPA motifs are in the narrow central constriction of the channel, serving to bind water molecules for selective and effi-cient water passage. To investigate the importance of the two NPA motifs in the structure, function and biogenesis of aquaporin water channels, we generated AQP1 mutations with NPA1 deletion, NPA2 de-letion and NPA1,2 double deletion. The coding sequences of the three mutated cDNAs were subcloned into the mammalian expression vector pcDNA3.1 to form expression plasmids. We established stably transfected CHO cell lines expressing these AQP1 mutants. Immunofluorescence indicated that all the three mutated AQP1 proteins are expressed normally on the plasma membrane of stably transfected CHO cells, suggesting that deletion of NPA motifs does not influence the expression and intracellular processing of AQP1. Functional analysis demonstrated that NPA1 or NPA2 deletion reduced AQP1 water permeability by 49.6% and 46.7%, respectively, while NPA1,2 double deletion had little effect on AQP1 water permeability. These results provide evidence that NPA motifs are important for water per-meation but not essential for the expression, intracellular processing and the basic structure of AQP1 water channel.     

Concentration level and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and grass around Mt. Qomolangma, China

High mountains may serve as a condenser for persistent organic pollutants. In the present study, soil and grass samples from Mt. Qomolangma region, China were collected from 4600 to 5620 m a.s.I and were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） to determine if they are concentrated at colder, more elevated sites and to evaluate their possible resources and fractionation. The total PAHs concentration in soil samples was 〈 600 ng g^-1, the critical value to differentiate PAHs levels in remote and urban regions. This implied the PAHs levels at Mt. Qomolangma are relatively low and what one might expect in such a remote region of the world. These low values may represent a soil background for mid-latitude Northern Hemisphere soils away from the direct influence of an anthropogenic source. As for the distribution pattern, the low molecular weight PAHs were prone to accumulate at higher altitude, while the high molecular weight PAHs inversely related or unrelated with elevation. Based on high concentration of phenanthrene at elevated sample site and the ratios of individual PAHs, we deduced that home-heating combustion and vehicle emission may result in the constitution trait of PAHs in this mountain region. Monsoon traveling over India, Pakistan and other countries with dense population may carry contaminant to Mt. Qomolangma region.     

加入WTO后我国银行的发展对策

分析了外资银行投资动因,阐述了外资银行对我国银行的影响以及我国银行面临的挑战,就我国银行如何应对外资银行的进入提出了若干建议。     

广东省高新区自主知识产权发展及对策研究

介绍了知识产权的内涵和重要性,从专利的角度分析了广东省高新区自主知识产权发展状况,并提出了若干对策。     

低质量浓度废水厌氧生物处理的动力学模拟及工程实践

介绍了厌氧生物反应原理,进行了厌氧废水处理的动力学分析,建立了低质量浓度废水厌氧处理模型并进行了工程实践。     

转变政府职能创新民营经济发展环境

论述了政府职能转变对民营经济发展的重要作用,指出政府职能转变滞后是制约山西民营经济发展的重要因素,提出了改善政务软环境、提高行政效能、转变政府职能和创新民营经济发展环境的具体举措。     

新建院校资产管理工作的研究

结合德州学院资产管理工作实际，深入分析高校国有资产管理工作中存在的问题。并探讨了国有资产管理的措施。     

武器装备寿命周期经济性分析

从经济学的角度对武器装备寿命周期过程进行了成本与效益分析,提出了提高武器装备寿命周期效益的基本原则与对策。     

RESTOR多焦点人工晶体对比敏感度的研究

研究白内障术后以RESTOR为代表的多焦人工晶体与以AR40e(AMO)为代表的传统的单焦球面人工晶体早期功能视力的比较.研究组为白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术后患者60例(眼),其中30例为传统的单焦球面人工晶体组,30例为多焦人工晶体组.与研究组年龄匹配的门诊患者30例为正常对照组.于术后30 d用CSV-1000E对比敏感度测试仪(由VECTOR VISION公司提供)进行CSF测定.所有患者年龄分布在50～80之间,矫正视力均大于等于0.8,并且除了白内障之外无任何影响对比敏感度的眼疾,亦无其它可能会影响对比敏感度的全身性疾病.白内障术后患者的CSF大致恢复到正常范围,但较正常年龄组降低.多焦点人工晶体植入术后提高了患者的全程视敏度,但早期功能视力不及传统的单焦球面人工晶体.     

江苏汉族人生长激素受体基因多态性研究

为了解生长激素受体(GHR)基因多态性在江苏汉族人群中的分布,通过多重PCR及PCR-RFLP的方法对269例江苏地区正常汉族人进行GHR基因3个位点的多态性分析,并与文献中报道的其它种族和地区的人群进行比较分析.结果显示江苏地区汉族正常人群中GHR基因型以fl/fl、I/L、P/P发生频率最高,这种分布在男女之间没有差异,与其它地区汉族人比较没有明显差异,与日本人差异也不明显,而与法国、俄罗斯人差异明显.研究表明,GHR基因3个位点多态性在不同种族之间分布存在着明显的差异,这种差异有可能是导致不同种族间人体测量学差异及对一些疾病的易感性及对药物的反应性不同的因素之一.