超声辅助提取栝楼皮黄色素工艺优化

以栝楼皮为原料,在单因素实验基础上,利用响应面法优化黄色素提取工艺.结果表明栝楼皮中黄色素的最佳提取工艺为：按料液比1∶30(质量g∶体积mL)加入体积分数40%的乙醇,在60℃用175 W超声辅助提取39 min.在此条件理,栝楼皮中黄色素提取率达到0.323,与预测值相差不大.     

论紫阳书院的分布

紫阳书院以宋儒朱熹之号命名,最早出现在南宋时期,元明清均有新建,其中以清代19所最多,共分布在安徽、福建、江西、浙江等11省份,尤以福建、浙江二省各10所为最。紫阳书院的时空分布不平衡,从区域而言主要集中在长江中下游地区,黄河流域较少,珠江流域则阙如;从朝代来看,清代第一,明代次之,南宋和元代年新建数最少。不同时空的紫阳书院涵盖了中国书院的主要形态,其分布不能同步反映中国书院发展基本态势。紫阳书院的时空分布是地缘认同与文化传播叠加的结果,反映了古代书院大传统与小传统之间的互动关系。     

Study of detection performance of passive bistatic radars based on FM broadcast

The passive bistatic radar based on the FM broadcast has inherent superiority with respect to its survivability. In this article, the ambiguity function （AF） and the cross ambiguity function （CAF） of the FM radio signal are analyzed and illustrated. The Kolmogorov Smirnov （K-S） test verifies that the amplitude probability density function of the CAF side lobes is exponential; the distribution of the target is also deduced. Finally, the detection performance of the passive radar is studied, and the result shows that this new type bistatic radar has favorable detection capability.     

基于极值理论的洪水灾害损失模型研究

巨灾风险具有发生概率低、毁灭性强等特点,其分布的极值与以往的经验分布不同,具有典型的厚尾特征．运用基于GPD分布的POT模型对我国历年洪水的损失数据进行拟合,并对形状参数及尺度参数进行估计,以此研究巨灾损失的尾部特征,得出结论,并提出建议,对巨灾债券产品的设计和定价具有重要的意义．     

浅谈体育游戏在高校体育教学中的应用

学生在愉悦的情境中锻炼,发展学生的个性,提高体育教学的实效性,是现代体育教学改革的一个重要方面,体育游戏的特点和功能在体育教学中发挥着重要作用,有利于提高教学质量,完成教学任务     

无机胶体法制备燃料电池用Pt3Cr／C催化剂

采用无机胶体法制备了用于质子交换膜燃料电池的Pt3Cr/C催化剂.研究了灼烧温度对催化剂性能的影响.X-射线衍射分析表明,催化剂中Pt3Cr/C中,由于Pt与Cr合金化而使晶格收缩、Pt-Pt间距减小,这有利于氧分子离解吸附,从而提高氧的还原反应速度.循环伏安测试结果表明,Pt3Cr/C催化剂的活性优于商品Pt/C催化剂.     

基于Multi-agent协同模式的城市应急联动系统

 针对目前城市应急联动系统缺少系统集成、未集中管理、智能程度不高、易形成信息孤岛等局限性,通过分析城市应急联动系统协同模式的相关特性,认为它与多代理(Multi-agent)的特性,特别是协作性有很强的契合度。以Multi-agent理论为基础,针对集监控、预警和救援为一体的城市应急联动系统,提出了一种基于Multi-agent技术的分布式城市应急联动系统的体系结构,这种智能系统更具感知性、主动性和自适应性。通过对系统内部结构的细化,确立了该系统的结构模型。在此基础上,就应急联动系统的接警、分析判断、处警等信息处理的流程进行分析,并借助Multi-agent技术的优点,基于构建的Multi-agent系统,分析了它们之间的成员及其协同关系;运用黑板模型和合同网模型,对城市应急联动系统的协同机制进行研究,设计了一个应急联动系统综合协同运行控制方案。     

大气压低温等离子体的活性氧成分分析及其杀菌效应研究

系统分析了以Ar+O₂ (2%)为气源, 以直流辉光放电方式激发的大气压低温等离子体中的活性氧(ROS)成分及其杀菌的生物学效应。采用电子自旋共振(ESR)等技术方法, 对等离子体的ROS成分进行了检测分析, 同时采用低温等离子体在水下作用的方式探究了其对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭作用。通过电子自旋共振分析, 直接检测出两种活性氧自由基, 分别是羟自由基(OH?)和单线态氧(¹O₂), 间接证明了超氧阴离子(O₂^-?)的存在。同时用臭氧检测仪等对O₃和H₂O₂等进行了定量分析。等离子体能有效杀灭金黄色葡萄球菌, 10分钟杀菌率能达到99.9%。 低温等离子体中含有大量的ROS成分, 并能有效杀灭金黄色葡萄球菌, 可能的杀菌机制是ROS成分诱导细菌细胞内脂质、蛋白质、DNA等过氧化。研究结果提示大气压低温等离子体在临床医学研究中具有潜在的巨大应用价值。     

Reduction mechanisms of pyrite cinder-carbon composite pellets

The non-isothermal reduction mechanisms of pyrite cinder-carbon composite pellets were studied at laboratory scale under argon (Ar) atmosphere. The composite pellets as well as the specimens of separate layers containing pyrite cinder and coal were tested. The degree of reduction was measured by mass loss. The microstructures of the reduced composite pellets were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that the reduction processes of the composite pellets may be divided into four stages:reduction via CO and H₂ from volatiles in coal at 673-973 K, reduction via H₂ and C produced by cracking of hydrocarbon at 973-1123 K, direct reduction by carbon via gaseous intermediates at 1123-1323 K, and direct reduction by carbon at above 1323 K. Corresponding to the four stages, the apparent activation energies (E) for the reduction of the composite pellets are 86.26, 78.54, 72.01, and 203.65 kJ·mol-1, respectively.     

Regional container port competition in a dual gateway-port system

Many ocean transportation hub systems consist of two container ports that share the container handling business in the area. The container flow passing through a port is the main measurement of the port’s competitiveness. In this paper we adopt a Hotelling model to study the container port competition in a so-called “dual gateway-port system”. The system contains two ports and two terminals, one belonging to each port. The two governments in which the two ports are located compete on cargo fees and the two terminals determine service price and service quality. We study two models with different levels of competition between the terminals. In the first model, the two terminals are owned by two different operators and in the second model, the two terminals are centralized under one operator. The second model exists in practice but is not well studied in the literature. We derive the cargo fee, terminal service price, and service quality equilibria for these two models. We investigate the competition outcome sensitivity with a numerical study. The numerical results reveal that governments prefer terminals to compete with each other. If the terminals do not have competitive advantages in their service quality, then terminal centralization brings more profits to the terminal operator than the competition case.