以木聚糖为抗菌剂的木质地板抗菌性能

随着生活水平的提高,人们越来越重视室内家居环境的健康、环保问题.因此,研究、开发抗菌实木地板具有现实意义.采用贴膜法检测抗菌地板的抗菌性能:以木聚糖为抗菌剂,用8%浓度溶液浸泡杨木单板,接种一定数量的大肠杆菌和金色葡萄球菌.经过一段时间培养后,检测地板细菌数量.结果表明:经过木聚糖溶液处理的地板对大肠杆菌和金色葡萄球菌的抗菌率为73.58%和90.09%,抗菌等级达到Ⅱ级.     

水泥搅拌桩在路基加固处理中的控制要点

水泥搅拌桩的加固原理是用水泥做固化剂,是一种应用较广泛的地基加固方法,利用地基土中的孔隙水进行水化反应后,再行固结,达到改良地基的目的.文章对水泥搅拌桩施工质量作了相关探讨.     

Influences of ultrasonic irradiation on the morphology and structure of nanoporous Co nanoparticles during chemical dealloying

The Co-61.8 wt% Al nanoparticles of 45 nm were prepared by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction (HPMR) method. The nanoparticles display core shell structure with Al13Co4 and CoAl core and aluminum oxide shell (about 2 nm). Under ultrasonic irradiation, nanoporous fcc-Co nanoparticles were produced successfully by chemically dealloying the Co-Al nanoparticles at room temperature, whereas, without ultrasonic irradiation CoAl phase could hardly react with sodium hydroxide solution. At 323 K the Co-Al nanoparticles could be dealloyed to fcc-Co and hcp-Co phases even without ultrasonic irradiation. The surface area of the dealloyed nanoparticles under ultrasonic irradiation was larger than that of the dealloyed sample without ultrasonic irradiation at the same temperature. It is believed that the microjet and shock-wave induced by ultrasonic irradiation give rise to particles size reduction, interparticle collision and surface cleaning, and accelerate the dealloying process and the phase transformation.     

SNCR应用于水泥窑氮氧化物控制的氨氧化

为了对水泥窑应用SNCR控制技术时CaO催化NH3氧化问题进行研究,该文采用固定床反应器,研究温度(650～950℃)、NH3体积分数(100×10-6～1500×10-6)和O2体积分数(0～4%)对于CaO催化NH3氧化作用的影响。采用Fourier变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)测量NH3和NO组分的体积分数。实验结果表明:CaO催化NH3氧化反应的转化率和产物NO的选择性随NH3体积分数增加而下降,随温度和O2体积分数增加而增加。基于NH3转化率和产物NO选择性随NH3体积分数的变化规律,提出CaO催化NH3氧化的首要途径是NH3和O2的吸附,吸附态NH3会与O2反应生成NO,而非前人提出的NH3与CaO反应生成CaN。采用该机理可以较好地解释实验规律。     

Effect of Ni addition on the glass-forming ability and soft-magnetic properties of FeNiBPNb metallic glasses

The effect of Ni addition on the glass-forming ability (GFA) and soft-magnetic properties of an (Fe1-xNix)75.5B14.5P7Nb3 (x=0-0.6) alloy system were investigated. We found that the addition of Ni was effective in allowing the alloy to approach a eutectic point as well as increasing the thermal stability of the supercooled liquid. By increasing the amount of Ni,the supercooled liquid region (ΔTx),the reduced glass transition temperature Trg (Tg/Tl) and the Y parameter [Tx/(Tg+Tl)] increased from 49 to 75 K,0...     

Surface pollen assemblages of human-disturbed vegetation and their relationship with vegetation and climate in Northeast China

Pollen assemblages of 53 surface pollen samples from farmlands and wastelands in Northeast China were analyzed. Tree pollen percentages were usually higher than 30%, with Pinus (26.9%), Quercus (0.9%), Betula (0.9%) and Populus (0.7%) as the major types, and herb pollen percentages were usually higher than 50%, with weedy Poaceae (8.7%), Chenopodiaceae (7.1%), Artemisia (1.9%) and Compositae (3.5%) as the major taxa. Thus, the pollen assemblages were consistent with the regional vegetation compositions. However, there were differences in pollen assemblages among regions, especially among different geomorphological units. For example, in the mountains, there were more types of tree pollen and higher total percentages (average 42%) than in other areas, while cereal pollen percentages were lowest (11.2%). In the hills and high plains, herbs made up more than 60% of the pollens, with cereals (average 53.6%) the dominant type. In the low plains, pollen types were similar to those in the hills and high plains, but total pollen concentrations and the proportion of Concentricystes were much higher, while cereal pollen percentages were slightly lower (average 41.6%). Pollen assemblages in different land use types also differed. For example, in farmland, cereal pollen percentages were more than 40% and Chenopodiaceae was usually less than 2.5%, while in wasteland, weedy Poaceae was usually less than 10% and Chenopodiaceae was usually higher than 25%. Total pollen concentrations in farmland (average 3909 grains/g) were much lower than in wasteland (average 15074 grains/g). Redundancy analysis revealed that pollen assemblages were significantly negatively correlated with mean annual temperature (-0.73) and July mean temperature (-0.81) and significantly positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (0.48), indicating that pollen assemblages in the artificial or human-disturbed vegetation reflect regional climate well. Comparison of pollen assemblages in different areas of northern China showed that pollen concentrations reflect the intensities of human impact to some degree. For example, pollen concentrations decrease as human impacts increase in intensity. The cereal pollen proportions in farmland differed by area. In Northeast China, cereal pollen proportions were distinctly higher than in most other areas of northern China, suggesting differences in planting habits and climate.     

流域水污染治理模式创新研究

我国严峻的流域水污染已成为可持续发展的严重威胁,而目前的流域水污染治理模式却难以有效地解决这一难题.针对流域水污染防治的管理体制、机制、政策体系所存在问题,提出了创新流域水污染治理模式的对策与方法.     

关于变精度粗糙集模型近似算子性质的一点注记

通过引进一对新的增值算子,对变精度粗糙集模型的部分性质进行推广,把并与交的β上下近似集之包含关系推广到相等关系(定理2).     

HDPE固相接枝丙烯酸的研究

以过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）为引发剂、二甲苯为界面剂，研究丙烯酸（ＡＡ）在粉料高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）上的固相接枝反应．红外光谱证实了该接枝反应。Ｘ光衍射发现接枝后的ＨＤＰＥ结晶度下降不多，表明接核反应发生在ＨＤＰＥ的无定区域和晶区表面或晶区缺陷上。实验还发现，随着引发剂用量、ＨＤＰＥ颗粒度的增加，反应温度的升高，单体／聚合物比增加，接枝率提高。本研究制得的ＨＤＰＥ—ｇ—ＡＡ，其接枝率可高达１５．９２％。