Generalized invexity-type conditions in constrained optimization

This paper defines a new class of generalized type I functions, and obtains Kuhn-Tucker necessary and sufficient conditions and duality results for constrained optimization problems in the presence of the aforesaid weaker assumptions on the objective and constraint functions involved in the problem.     

心肌缺血后处理对急性心肌梗死患者血清CK和CK-MB的影响

目的探讨缺血后处理对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血清CK和CK-MB峰值及其动态变化的影响.方法将64例12 h内行直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的ST段抬高型AMI患者随机分为两组,对照组34例,缺血后处理组30例.对照组给予单纯再灌注治疗,缺血后处理组采用再灌注30 s/再缺血30 s,交替3次后再持续灌注的方法...     

Galactosyltransferase of Neurospora.

An enzyme, galactosyltransferase, able to catalyze the formation of galactose polymers was detected in cell-free extracts of a wild type strain of Neurospora crassa. Enzyme activity was found in both the supernatant and the particle fractions after centrifugation at 100,000 X g. The enzyme assayed in the 100,000 X g supernatant showed a 4fold difference in specific activity as compared to that found in the particle fraction.     

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 7 (HPS-7) results from mutant dysbindin,a member of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1)

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS; MIM 203300) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, prolonged bleeding and pulmonary fibrosis due to abnormal vesicle trafficking to lysosomes and related organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. In mice, at least 16 loci are associated with HPS, including sandy (sdy; ref. 7). Here we show that the sdy mutant mouse expresses no dysbindin protein owing to a deletion in the gene Dtnbp1 (encoding dysbindin) and that mutation of the human ortholog DTNBP1 causes a novel form of HPS called HPS-7. Dysbindin is a ubiquitously expressed protein that binds to alpha- and beta-dystrobrevins, components of the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DPC) in both muscle and nonmuscle cells. We also show that dysbindin is a component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1; refs. 9-11), which regulates trafficking to lysosome-related organelles and includes the proteins pallidin, muted and cappuccino, which are associated with HPS in mice. These findings show that BLOC-1 is important in producing the HPS phenotype in humans, indicate that dysbindin has a role in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles and identify unexpected interactions between components of DPC and BLOC-1.     

α-Thioglycerol sensitive excitatory oxytocin receptors in fowl rectum

Summary The selective antagonism of the excitatory responses of oxytocin by -thioglycerol and its potentiation by Mg⁺⁺ indicate the presence of specific oxytocin receptors in fowl rectum. In addition, the sensitivity of the rectum to very small doses of oxytocin suggests a possible facilitatory role of neurohypophyseal hormones in oviposition.Acknowledgment. The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to Dr M.S. Sastry, Head of the Division and Dr C.M. Singh, Director of the Institute for providing the facilities and Mr Dev Singh for his technical assistance.     

Natural-like function in artificial WW domains

Protein sequences evolve through random mutagenesis with selection for optimal fitness. Cooperative folding into a stable tertiary structure is one aspect of fitness, but evolutionary selection ultimately operates on function, not on structure. In the accompanying paper, we proposed a model for the evolutionary constraint on a small protein interaction module (the WW domain) through application of the SCA, a statistical analysis of multiple sequence alignments. Construction of artificial protein sequences directed only by the SCA showed that the information extracted by this analysis is sufficient to engineer the WW fold at atomic resolution. Here, we demonstrate that these artificial WW sequences function like their natural counterparts, showing class-specific recognition of proline-containing target peptides. Consistent with SCA predictions, a distributed network of residues mediates functional specificity in WW domains. The ability to recapitulate natural-like function in designed sequences shows that a relatively small quantity of sequence information is sufficient to specify the global energetics of amino acid interactions.     

A note on the contribution of hepatopancreas to the development of oocytes in the scorpion (Palamnaeus bengalensis)

Zusammenfassung Das Hepatopankreas des Skorpions,Palamnaeus bengalensis, wurde untersucht, um herauszufinden, ob es Rohmaterial für die Entwicklung und Dotterbildung der Oozyten liefert. Es wird gezeigt, dass eine grosse Menge von Ferritin in der Leber gelagert und ausserdem in der sich entwickelnden Oozyte gefunden wird. Das Ferritin in den Oozyten ist auch direkt proportional zu ihrem Wachstum. Das Hepatopankreas scheint auch etwas Melaninkörner und Melaninvorstufen zur Entwicklung der in den Oozyten vorhandenen Melaninvorstufen zu liefern. Melaninvorstufen zusammen mit Sulfhydrylverbindungen bedingen eine gelbe Farbe der reifen Oozyten.