五参胶囊镇静催眠作用及其机制的实验研究

目的观察五参胶囊(Wu Shen Capsules,WSh C)对小鼠镇静催眠作用的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法将ICR小鼠随机分为对照组、五参胶囊高剂量组、中剂量组和低剂量组.五参胶囊高剂量组用药量为200 mg/(kg·d~(-1)),中剂量组用药量为100 mg/(kg·d~(-1)),低剂量组用药量为50 mg/(kg·d~(-1)),给药时间为15 d,于给药结束后进行小鼠自主活动实验和协同戊巴比妥钠阈上剂量睡眠时间实验,测定5 min内各组小鼠的活动次数和站立次数,记录各组小鼠的睡眠潜伏期和睡眠持续时间.采用酶联免疫吸附法检测小鼠下丘脑5-羟色胺(5-Hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid,5-HIAA)、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)、谷氨酸(glutamine,Glu)含量,并计算5-HIAA/5-HT比值及Glu/GABA比值.结果与对照组比较,WSh C各给药组小鼠活动次数减少,睡眠潜伏期缩短,睡眠持续时间延长(P0.01),WSh C能升高小鼠下丘脑5-HIAA含量和5-HIAA/5-HT比值,降低Glu含量和Glu/GABA比值.结论 WSh C具有明显镇静催眠作用,其机制可能与调节中枢兴奋性和抑制性神经递质有关.     

一种基于微蜂窝小区用户比例公平的改进资源分配算法

在微蜂窝小区用户速率比例公平约束条件下,以最大化系统和速率为目标,提出了一种改进资源分配算法,并用拉格朗日法求解优化功率.结果表明:相比于传统的最低比例速率的资源分配算法,本算法在频率和总功率固定的条件下,能减少计算复杂度,且系统速率提高了约2%.     

CuO/C催化剂的制备及其脱除烟气中NO的研究

以褐煤为原料,先通过干馏、活化的方法制取活性半焦,再采用水热法在活性半焦上负载CuO制备CuO/C催化剂,利用XRD和SEM等技术对其晶体结构和微观形貌进行表征,并分析CuO/C催化剂对模拟烟气中NO脱除效果的影响因素。结果表明,活性半焦含有丰富的含氧官能团,是一种较好的催化剂载体和还原剂;在120℃和2h的制备条件下制备CuO/C催化剂时,在活性半焦表面生长的CuO晶体较多,尺寸较小且分散均匀;当C-NO的反应温度为250℃、空速为19 200h~(-1)、氧气含量为4%时,在120℃和2h制备条件下所制得的CuO/C催化剂对NO脱除效果好,其NO脱除率可达95.26%。     

转炉夹持器间隙及倾动加速度对自调螺栓冲击力的影响

利用三维建模软件并结合转炉实际尺寸进行建模,运用多体动力学与有限元方法对转炉进行动态仿真。对自调螺栓以及球形垫片进行子模型细化计算,将炉体与自调螺栓接触面的位移作为子模型边界条件,在稳定的热胀状态下进行瞬态分析,通过危险位置应力曲线分析夹持器间隙、倾动加速度对自调螺栓冲击力的影响。结果表明,夹持器间隙越大,自调螺栓所受的冲击力就越大,自调螺栓的振动发生在倾动加速度较大的倾角位置。     

Comparative study on the corrosion behavior of X52, 3Cr,and 13Cr steel in an O2–H2O–CO2 system: products,reaction kinetics,and pitting sensitivity

The corrosionbehaviors of X52, 3Cr low-alloy steel, and 13Cr stainless steel were investigated inanO2–H2O–CO2 environment at varioustemperaturesand O2–CO2partial-pressure ratios. The results showed thatthe corrosion rates of X52, 3Cr, and 13Cr steels in-creased with increasing temperature. The corrosion ratesslowly increased at temperaturesless than100℃ and increased sharply when the temperature exceeded100℃. In the absence of O2, X52, 3Cr, and 13Cr exhibited uniform corrosion morphology and FeCO3 was the main corrosion product. When O2 was introduced into the system, various forms of Fe2O3 appeared on the surface of the samples. The Cr content strongly influenced the corrosion resistance. The 3Cr steel with a low Cr content was more sensitive to pitting than the X52 or 13Cr steel. Thus, pitting occurred on the surface of 3Cr when 1.25 MPa of O2 was added; this phenomenon is related to the non-uniform distribution of Cr in 3Cr.     

Mechanism and simulation of droplet coalescence in molten steel

Droplet coalescence in liquid steel was carefully investigated through observations of the distribution pattern of inclusions in solidified steel samples. The process of droplet coalescence was slow, and the critical Weber number (We) was used to evaluate the coalescence or separation of droplets. The relationship between the collision parameter and the critical We indicated whether slow coalescence or bouncing of droplets occurred. The critical We was 5.5, which means that the droplets gradually coalesce when We ≤ 5.5, whereas they bounce when We > 5.5. For the carbonate wire feeding into liquid steel, a mathematical model implementing a combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-discrete element method (DEM) approach was developed to simulate the movement and coalescence of variably sized droplets in a bottom-argon-blowing ladle. In the CFD model, the flow field was solved on the premise that the fluid was a continuous medium. Meanwhile, the droplets were dispersed in the DEM model, and the coalescence criterion of the particles was added to simulate the collision-coalescence process of the particles. The numerical simulation results and observations of inclusion coalescence in steel samples are consistent.     

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a large-sized ingot of Mg-9Gd-3Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy after a lower-temperature homogenization treatment

In this paper, a large-sized ingot of Mg-9Gd-3Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy with a diameter of 600 mm was successfully prepared by the semi-continuous casting method. The alloy was subsequently annealed at a relatively low temperature of 430℃ for 12 h as a homogenization treatment. The microstructure and room-temperature mechanical properties of the alloy were investigated systematically. The results show that the as-cast alloy contained a mass of discontinuous lamellar-shaped 18R long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phases with a composition of Mg₁₀ZnY and an α-Mg matrix, along with net-shaped Mg₅(Y,Gd) eutectic compounds at the grain boundaries. Most of the eutectic compounds dissolved after the homogenization treatment. Moreover, the amount and dimensions of the lamellar-shaped LPSO phase obviously increased after the homogenization treatment. The structure of the phase transformed into 14H-type LPSO with composition Mg₁₂Zn(Y,Gd). The mechanical properties of the heat-treated large-sized alloy ingot are uniform. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and tensile yield strength (TYS) of the alloy reached 207.2 MPa and 134.8 MPa, respectively, and the elongation was 3.4%. The high performances of the large-sized alloy ingot after the homogenization treatment is attributed to the strengthening of the α-Mg solid solution and to the plentiful LPSO phase distributed over the α-Mg matrix.     

季铵盐胶束的制备及其抗菌性能研究

为了研究季铵盐胶束是以胶束的形式抗菌还是以胶束解体后的单体形式与细胞膜结合达到抗菌效果,制备了一种季铵盐表面活性剂,该表面活性剂可以自组装成非交联胶束,还可以通过含有酯键的交联剂获得表面交联胶束.交联胶束在脂肪酶的作用下能解交联形成解交联胶束.利用核磁共振氢谱和动态光散射对合成的表面活性剂进行了分析,通过最低抑菌浓度和透射电子显微镜探讨了胶束的抗菌性能.     

第四纪孢粉分析中古气温、古降水指数的计算方法──以成都锦江一级阶地研究为例

本文探讨如何应用孢粉分析提供的孢粉谱（孢粉植物种类和百分含量）求取第四纪气温指数（植物生态气温指数，孢粉含量温度指数和样品年均气温指数－古气温指数）和降水指数（植物生态降水指数，孢粉含量降水指数和样品年均降水指数－古降水指数）等古气候指示参数的方法。文中不仅介绍了各概念的含义和计算原理，而且介绍了计算方法和修正计算值的方法，并以成都平原锦江一级阶地孢粉分析作为应用实例，论述了成都地区中晚全新世气候特征、演变过程和规律。     

黑线姬鼠、锡金小家鼠和高山姬鼠洞穴结构研究

１９８９～１９９１年间笔者在黔西北地区调查农田鼠害时，共挖掘剖析黑线姬鼠洞穴４８个，锡金小家鼠洞穴２４个，高山姬鼠洞穴９个．这３种鼠类的洞穴基本结对均主要由巢明、明洞和暗洞组成，但无便食结构，也未发现有储粮仓及所储藏的粮食。区别这３种鼠类洞穴结构的主要特点是洞口和洞道的排列位置。