Vaults and the major vault protein: Novel roles in signal pathway regulation and immunity

The unique and evolutionary highly conserved major vault protein (MVP) is the main component of ubiquitous, large cellular ribonucleoparticles termed vaults. The 100 kDa MVP represents more than 70% of the vault mass which contains two additional proteins, the vault poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (vPARP) and the telomerase-associated protein 1 (TEP1), as well as several short untranslated RNAs (vRNA). Vaults are almost ubiquitously expressed and, besides chemotherapy resistance, have been implicated in the regulation of several cellular processes including transport mechanisms, signal transmissions and immune responses. Despite a growing amount of data from diverse species and systems, the definition of precise vault functions is still highly complex and challenging. Here we review the current knowledge on MVP and vaults with focus on regulatory functions in intracellular signal transduction and immune defence. Received 27 June 2008; received after revision 25 July 2008; accepted 30 July 2008     

Human heart disease: lessons from human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes

Technical advances in generating and phenotyping cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-CMs) are now driving their wider acceptance as in vitro models to understand human heart disease and discover therapeutic targets that may lead to new compounds for clinical use. Current literature clearly shows that hPSC-CMs recapitulate many molecular, cellular, and functional aspects of human heart pathophysiology and their responses to cardioactive drugs. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of hPSC-CMs models that have been described to date and highlight their most recent and remarkable contributions to research on cardiovascular diseases and disorders with cardiac traits. We conclude discussing immediate challenges, limitations, and emerging solutions.     

含铜低温热轧取向硅钢初次再结晶组织研究

为研究含铜低温热轧取向硅钢再结晶组织,采用3种不同的初次再结晶退火工艺进行热处理.结果表明,脱碳退火前的高温退火工艺有助于增加硅钢初次再结晶组织中20°～45°晶界比率;采用渗氮工艺,可在大幅提高∑5晶界比率的同时增大晶粒尺寸.应用晶粒尺寸阈值公式计算出的初次晶粒大小约为8μm,计算结果与试验数据相符.     

梁板电极电场中聚乙烯板条作用的仿真研究

为了分析聚乙烯板条对油滴雾化效果的影响,采用ATEST-212型激光粒度分析仪测量油滴雾化粒径;建立涂油室静电场仿真模型,运用Ansoft Maxwell2D/3D软件对涂油室电场进行仿真分析.试验结果表明,达到相同的雾化效果,加聚乙烯板条可使工作电压降低2/3;仿真结果显示,相同工作电压下,加聚乙烯板条可显著增大涂油室电场强度.     

关于原子核弥散层的核子数和重元素寿命递减的缘由

论述了原子核弥散层的性质,得出原子核弥散层的核子数,由此探求重元素寿命递减的缘由.     

对中学生短跑运动员放松技术的探讨

高水平的协调放松能力是现代短跑技术发展的重要特征之一。它可以在一定程度上反映运动员心理素质和运动水平的高低,是短跑运动员不可缺少的专项能力之一。良好的放松能力对中学生短跑运动员来说,有助于挖掘其运动潜能和提高短跑技术。     

A multiple-labelling method for cells using Au nanoparticles with different shapes

An important and difficult issue is simultaneously identifying the detailed locations of various molecules on the cell surface, as this identification requires a synergistic effect between more than one molecule in a living cell. Au nanoparticles (NPs) with different shapes can be readily recognised under low vacuum scanning electron microscopy (lvSEM). Anisotropic Au nanorods (NRs) possess unique surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties, which can be further utilised for two photon luminescence (TPL) and other optical imaging techniques. In this paper, Au NRs and Au nanooctahedra (Au NOs) are introduced as biomarkers for ICAM-1 and Integrin β1. Combined with the advantages of lvSEM, this multiple-labelling method is a new method for studying the interactions between specific, functional molecules.     

日本泡沫经济分析及其对中国的启示

阐述了泡沫经济的概念及其成因,分析了日本泡沫经济形成的国际背景、产生的内部因素、主要表现形式以及泡沫破灭对日本的负面影响,探讨了日本泡沫经济对我国的启示.     

中国人看生物技术——2003-2007研究报告

本文基于"中国公众对生物技术应用态度的研究",项目从2003年开始到2007年结束,先后获得中国和丹麦政府间科技合作项目、浙江省自然科学基金、浙江省科技国际合作项目的资助.研究参照欧洲EUROBAROMETER研究范式设计问卷,采用职业分层抽样的方法,对我国代表性样本浙江四个地区的4157名公众进行了生物技术应用态度的纵向实证研究,定量分析并定性描述了我国公众对生物技术应用态度的轮廓和远景.     

4G移动通信关键技术与面临的问题

本文主要对4G移动通信的关键技术进行了简要的论述,分析了4G的网络结构和4G的关键技术,在此基础上详细讨论了目前全球以及我国的4G技术进展及面临的问题,最后对4G的前景进行了预测.