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991.
992.
J. -L. Carpentier P. Gorden A. Robert L. Orci 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1986,42(7):734-744
Conclusion The insulin receptor is an integral protein of the plasma membrane of the cell. It is composed of two subunits: an subunit, which binds the hormone, and a subunit which is a tyrosine specific protein kinase capable of undergoing autophosphorylation. These independent subunits are synthesized by way of a higher molecular weight single chain precursor and thus are the product of a single gene29, 49, 85 localized to chromosome 1929, 91. Assuming that the insulin receptor is synthesized in the same fashion as other integral membrane glycoproteins, then the nucleus, the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus are involved in its biosynthesis. Further, there must be some form of transport of the mature receptor subunits to the plasma membrane where they are inserted.By contrast, the endocytotic route involves coated pits, coated vesicles, large clear vesicles or endosomes, multivesicular bodies and other lysosomal forms. In addition, it is possible that some other as yet unidentified organelle is involved in recycling (fig. 8). At the present time, with respect to the insulin receptor, the biosynthetic pathway and the endocytotic pathway appear to be separate. Further, it does not appear that either pathway, i. e. synthesis or endocytosis, exerts a regulatory function over the other. 相似文献
993.
994.
RecQ DNA helicases are critical for proper maintenance of genomic stability, and mutations in multiple human RecQ genes are linked with genetic disorders characterized by a predisposition to cancer. RecQ proteins are conserved from prokaryotes to humans and in all cases form higher-order complexes with other proteins to efficiently execute their cellular functions. The focus of this review is a conserved complex that is formed between RecQ helicases and type-I topoisomerases. In humans, this complex is referred to as the BLM dissolvasome or BTR complex, and is comprised of the RecQ helicase BLM, topoisomerase IIIα, and the RMI proteins. The BLM dissolvasome functions to resolve linked DNA intermediates without exchange of genetic material, which is critical in somatic cells. We will review the history of this complex and highlight its roles in DNA replication, recombination, and repair. Additionally, we will review recently established interactions between BLM dissolvasome and a second set of genome maintenance factors (the Fanconi anemia proteins) that appear to allow coordinated genome maintenance efforts between the two systems. 相似文献
995.
Jansen G Thijssen KL Werner P van der Horst M Hazendonk E Plasterk RH 《Nature genetics》1999,21(4):414-419
Caenorhabditis elegans is the first animal whose genomic sequence has been determined. One of the new possibilities in post-sequence genetics is the analysis of complete gene families at once. We studied the family of heterotrimeric G proteins. C. elegans has 20 Galpha, 2 Gbeta and 2 Ggamma genes. There is 1 homologue of each of the 4 mammalian classes of Galpha genes, G(i)/G(o)alpha, G(s)alpha , G(q)alpha and G12alpha, and there are 16 new alpha genes. Although the conserved Galpha subunits are expressed in many neurons and muscle cells, GFP fusions indicate that 14 new Galpha genes are expressed almost exclusively in a small subset of the chemosensory neurons of C. elegans. We generated loss-of-function alleles using target-selected gene inactivation. None of the amphid-expressed genes are essential for viability, and only four show any detectable phenotype (chemotaxis defects), suggesting extensive functional redundancy. On the basis of functional analysis, the 20 genes encoding Galpha proteins can be divided into two groups: those that encode subunits affecting muscle activity (homologues of G(i)/G(o)alpha, G(s)alpha and G(q)), and those (14 new genes) that encode proteins most likely involved in perception. 相似文献
996.
针对DSS和MIS中一类涉及多个关系表的过程性事务处理问题,利用人工智能的框架知识表达范式表达类知识,在此基础上进行关系表的聚类并按产生式规则进行事务处理,在一定程度上较好解决了问题的求解.同时给出了求解的实例. 相似文献
997.
报道了以12-钨磷酸为催化剂合成丙烯酸丁酯的最佳实验,并对杂多酸的催化活性和使用寿命进行初步的探讨,用气相色谱监测,合成产品用IR和HNMR鉴定,结果表明,用杂多酸催化酯化反应活性好、选择性高。 相似文献
998.
Autoradiographic investigations on the uptake of L-glutamate and L-aspartate have shown that the amino acids were taken up by neurones as well as by glial cells of cultured human and rat spinal cord. The activity of glutamate and aspartate varied considerably between individual neurones, whereas glial cells showed a more even distribution of the labelled amino acids. Our results suggest that both neurones and glial cells are involved in the uptake of amino acid transmitters. 相似文献
999.
风景园林学科内建筑设计的教学问题,一直是风景园林学科发展的关键问题之一.如何在学科自身教学框架内有效地组织建筑设计教育,使得学生初步把握建筑设计的基本方法,提升学生认知和掌握设计的水平,是课程教学必须解决的问题.结合园林建筑设计课程教学中的现状和存在问题,从教学内容、教学方式、教学理念等方面,探讨应对的教学策略,提出以案例和阶段模型结合课程各阶段设计,设计课题多样化和采取小组合作方式培养学生创造性思维和团队精神,教学以工程实践应用为目的等具体教学改革手段和措施. 相似文献
1000.
对机油泵的转速、压力、温度进行分段控制,对温度、压力、转速、流量、扭矩等进行检测,绘制粘度、速度、压力、限压阀特性曲线,实现对机油泵性能的自动测试。 相似文献