Nano-Structured Proton Exchange Membrane for Fuel Cell

Nano-structured materials are characterized by long range ordering of the nano-dimensioned quantum dot units. They have been found to deliver substantially different （electric, optical, magnetic and physical） properties from that of the bulk. The differences are mainly due to the increases of surface charge with large fraction of grain boundaries, and the periodical potential field created by the ordered nano-domains. Specifically, the issues considered in “nano ionics” are the degree of interaction, the charge distribution on the interfaces where they become obvious in ionic properties and thermodynamics such as mobility of charge carriers. Major efforts in this direction are focused on：     

Synthesis and Potential Biocidal Properties of Some PAMAM Dendrimers Containing Organotin Moieties

1 Introduction Singapore is one of the main exporters of aquarium fishes. Among the many varieties of fishes exported is the guppy poecilia reticulate which has a tendency to be attacked by parasites which often manifests itself as white spots on the fish’s body. The use of organotin compounds as pesticides and fungicides has been well-documented. Furthermore, the discovery of the antitumour activity of organotin compounds for antitumour activity (Sadler, 1982) and the structure-activity rel…     

原油的快速评价

近些年原油的快速评价问题受到越来越多的重视,本文介绍了原油快速评价的重要性和需求,以及近红外光谱和中红外光谱方法用于原油快评的优势和特点,及其与标准方法之间的准确性比较。     

强电离放电等离子体洗消沙林模拟剂DMMP试验

利用强电离放电等离子体对沙林的模拟剂甲基磷酸二甲酯(DMMP)进行处理,通过试验考察pH值、放电气体流量、放电功率、放电室压力、等离子体流量等因素对DMMP处理效率的影响.试验结果表明,碱性条件下DMMP的降解效率要高于酸性条件下的降解效率,酸、碱性条件下DMMP的降解分别符合零级和一级反应动力学特征;DMMP降解效率随着等离子体体积流量和放电功率的增加而上升;随着放电气体流量和放电室压力的增加,DMMP的降解效率先上升后下降;在最佳反应条件下50 mg/L的DMMP水溶液可以在7 min内被完全降解.     

Investigation of gas concentration cell based on LiSiPO electrolyte and Li2CO3, Au electrode

Solid lithium ion conducting electrochemical cells using LiSiPO as solid electrolyte and Li₂CO₃ mixed with Au as electrodes were prepared and employed as chemical sensors for the detection of CO₂ gas. The EMF of the cell depends on the concentration of CO₂ in air according to the partial pressure dependence of Nernst’s law in the investigated range from 100 to 2000 ppm over the temperature range from 473 K to 673 K.     

Discussion on the Neoproterozoic glaciations in the South China Block and their related paleolatitudes

The Kaigas, Sturtian, Marinoan, and Gaskiers glaciations are widely recognized in Neoproterozoic. However, in the South China Block only the Jiangkou （Sturtian） and Nantuo （Marinoan） are symbolized by sedimentary records. The Kaigas, recorded by isotopic and chemical proxies, exhibited likely the nature of cold paleoclimate with local mountain glaciation. The correlation of the Doushantuo Formation with the Gaskiers is indicated by the carbon isotope excursion and the dated age from the interval, however the South China Block was then under non-glacial weather. With no paleomagnetic data, the position of the South China Block during the Sturtian glaciation cannot be determined. The paleolatitudes of the South China Block during the Kaigas and Nantuo glaciations are intermediate, even though the Nantuo was once rendered erratically deduced equatorial. In fact, the paleolatitudes of the South China Block during the Neoproterozoic glaciations are all likely at about 30°-40°.     

海南三亚鹿回头造礁石珊瑚碳酸盐生产力的估算

造礁石珊瑚碳酸盐生产不但维系着珊瑚礁的生长, 并且还是大气CO₂的重要来源之一. 采用生态调查法首次在国内开展造礁石珊瑚碳酸盐生产力的估算研究, 获得海南三亚鹿回头岸礁区礁坪和礁坡珊瑚平均碳酸盐生产力分别为(1.16 ± 0.55)和(3.52 ± 1.32) kg•m⁻²•a⁻¹. 珊瑚碳酸盐生产力主要受珊瑚组成、分布以及骨骼生长的属间差异影响. 20世纪60年代以来, 岸礁区日益加剧的人类活动造成珊瑚碳酸盐生产力下降了约80%~89%, 并导致珊瑚礁加积速率降低, 目前已低于现代海平面上升速率. 随着未来海平面持续上升, 鹿回头岸礁的生长模式将可能由过去向海生长为主转变为垂直生长为主, 反映出全球海平面上升背景下, 珊瑚岸礁生物地貌过程对强烈人类活动干扰的响应. 此外, 珊瑚碳酸盐生产力下降还导致碳酸盐生产过程中CO₂释放的减少, 未来珊瑚礁区特别是岸礁区可能因为人类活动的增强而改变其在海洋乃至全球碳循环中的地位.     

湖泊底泥污染控制技术及其适用性探讨

对目前国内外应用较多的三类底泥污染控制技术,即环保疏浚技术、原位覆盖技术、原位钝化技术的技术特点、关键技术内容、可能产生的主要环境问题及其应用现状进行了详细分析。在各项技术的优缺点、费用效益比较的基础上,提出环保疏浚技术适用于大面积重污染湖区或河口底泥污染的控制,原位覆盖技术适用于中深水湖泊、海域或河流底泥污染的控制,原位钝化技术适合于风浪扰动不大、非饮用水源地功能湖泊底泥污染的控制。并对三项技术在我国湖泊底泥污染控制领域的应用前景进行了展望。 ［关键词］湖泊;底泥污染;控制技术;适用性     

曲线形态相似性的定义与度量

提出了曲线形态相似性的定义与度量问题.介绍了一种曲线的划分方法,得到一个曲线的比值样本,基于统计学原理,给出了曲线相似性的定义与度量方法.并通过算例验证了该相似性度量方法的可行性.     

地衣中酚酸类化合物研究

利用反复硅胶柱层析法、Sephadex LH-20、制备薄层层析法（PTLC）和重结晶等技术手段分离指状珊瑚枝地衣（Stereocaulon paschaleHoffm.）的化学成分.通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定其化学结构,从指状珊瑚枝地衣的乙酸乙酯部位分离并鉴定3个酚类化合物,分别为赤星衣酸乙酯（uthyl haematommate,Ⅰ）、β-苔黑酚酸甲酯（methyl-βorcinolcarboxylate,Ⅱ）、赤星衣酸（haematommate acid,Ⅲ）.化合物Ⅰ~Ⅲ均为首次从指状珊瑚枝地衣中分离得到.