A Systemic Framework for Business Model Design and Development -Part A: Theorizing Perspective

Developing innovative business models is one of the complicated issues. Owing to the multiplicity of stakeholders with diverse worldviews about value creation and dynamic markets, the development of innovative business models has turned out to be a complex issue. Therefore, this research seeks to: (1) examine the complicated nature of the development of business model problem and, (2) provide a holistic and systemic framework for the development of business models. The proposed framework employs the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM). This framework is composed of 18 phases, which ranges from the phase of finding out the problem of developing a business model to the phase of its implementation. This methodology is characterized by taking into account the considerations of rational positioning views, evolutionary views, and cognitive views in designing and developing business models.     

Liquid-phase aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol catalyzed by mechanochemically synthesized manganese oxide

Benzyl alcohol oxidation by molecular oxygen using solid manganese oxide as a catalyst and n-heptane as the solvent was studied in the liquid phase. The catalyst was synthesized by a simple mechanochemical process at room temperature and was characterized by different physical methods. The catalyst was highly active and 100% selective for benzyl alcohol conversion to benzaldehyde. The solid catalyst can be recovered from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and can be re-used. We found n-heptane to be an excellent solvent for the oxidation reaction, and that the catalyst did not leach into solution.     

在有限温度下两个比特Heisenberg XX链中的各种量子关联

文章主要研究在有限温度下两个比特海森堡XX自旋链中Z方向的Dzyaloshinskii-Morriya(D-M)相互作用(Dz)和耦合常数(J)对各种量子关联的影响。研究发现在有限温度下不加Dz时经典关联(CC)和量子失协(QD)都随温度的提高而下降,下降速度也比较快。加了Dz时也是随温度的提高而下降,但是下降速度较慢。从计算分析看,在有限温度下Dz和J对QD和CC有积极作用。调整适当的Dz和J参数,可以有效地控制和提高各种量子关联。     

Synthesis of titanium oxycarbonitride by carbothermal reduction and nitridation of ilmenite with recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)

An innovative and sustainable carbothermal reduction and nitridation (CTRN) process of ilmenite (FeTiO₃) using a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and coal as the primary reductant under an H₂-N₂ atmosphere was proposed.The use of PET as an alternative source of carbon not only enhances the porosity of the pellets but also results in the separation of Fe from titanium oxycarbonitride (TiO_xC_yN_z) particles because of the differences in surface tension.The experiments were carried out at 1250℃ for 3 h using four different PET contents ranging from 25wt% to 100wt% in the reductant.X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX),and LECO elemental analysis were used to study the phases and microstructures of the reduced samples.In the case of 75wt% PET,iron distinctly separated from the synthesized TiO_xC_yN_z phase.With increasing PET content in the sample,the reduction and nitridation rates substantially increased.The synthesis of an oxycarbonitride with stoichiometry of TiO_0.02C_0.13N_0.85 with minimal intermediate titanium sub-oxides was achieved.The results also showed that the iron particles formed from CTRN of FeTiO₃ exhibited a spherical morphology,which is conducive for Fe removal via the Becher process.     

用三比特海森堡XXZ自旋环实现量子隐形传态

文章主要研究固有退相干对以三比特海森堡XXX自旋链为量子信道进行隐形传态的影响.通过平均保真度的解析表达式分析了不同参数对量子隐形传态的作用,均匀磁场B对隐形传态起积极作用.在这个模型中实现隐形传态的要求不是那么严格,只有B≤J和J取较大的值,AF处在经典情况.B和J取其它数值时,平均保真度符合于我们所期望的结果.     

Deposition behavior and tribological properties of diamond-like carbon coatings on stainless steels via chemical vapor deposition

A systematic investigation was carried out to observe the deposition rate of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on two stainless steel substrates by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The objective of this research is to study the deposition behavior of the DLC coating and its tribological properties in different combinations of methane (CH₄) and nitrogen, which were used as precursor gases. The results reveal that the deposition rate increases with increasing CH₄ content up to 50vol%. The hardness of the DLC-deposited layer also increases while the friction coefficient decreases with increasing CH₄ gas content up to 50% in the precursor gas mixture.