国家自然科学基金面上项目资助额的地区分布规律

本文讨论了国家自然科学基金面上项目资助额的地区分布特点,发现基金面上项目资助额的地区分布与博士生人数的地区分布有很大的相关性,从而可以看出国家自然科学基金的资助在很大程度上取决于申请者所在地区具有的科研和教育水平。     

The neuronal sortilin-related receptor SORL1 is genetically associated with Alzheimer disease

The recycling of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) from the cell surface via the endocytic pathways plays a key role in the generation of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) in Alzheimer disease. We report here that inherited variants in the SORL1 neuronal sorting receptor are associated with late-onset Alzheimer disease. These variants, which occur in at least two different clusters of intronic sequences within the SORL1 gene (also known as LR11 or SORLA) may regulate tissue-specific expression of SORL1. We also show that SORL1 directs trafficking of APP into recycling pathways and that when SORL1 is underexpressed, APP is sorted into Abeta-generating compartments. These data suggest that inherited or acquired changes in SORL1 expression or function are mechanistically involved in causing Alzheimer disease.     

Improving the thermal stability of lactate oxidase by directed evolution

Lactate oxidase is used in biosensors to measure the concentration of lactate in the blood and other body fluids. Increasing the thermostability of lactate oxidase can significantly prolong the lifetime of these biosensors. We have previously obtained a variant of lactate oxidase from Aerococcus viridans with two mutations (E160G/V198I) that is significantly more thermostable than the wild-type enzyme. Here we have attempted to further improve the thermostability of E160G/V198I lactate oxidase using directed evolution. We made a mutant lactate oxidase gene library by applying error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling, and screened for thermostable mutant lactate oxidase using a plate-based assay. After three rounds of screening we obtained a thermostable mutant lactate oxidase, which has six mutations (E160G/V198I/G36S/T103S/A232S/F277Y). The half-life of this lactate oxidase at 70 °C was about 2 times that of E160G/V198I and about 36 times that of the wild-type enzyme. The amino acid mutation process suggests that the combined neutral mutations are important in protein evolution. Received 15 September 2006; received after revision 21 October 2006; accepted 2 November 2006     

某库岸滑坡稳定分析及治理措施研究

从地质条件出发,详细分析了滑坡的成因,以大型的岩土工程数值分析软件(ADINA)为研究手段,建立有限元计算模型,用强度折减的方法分析了滑坡体在初始工况、蓄水工况、暴雨工况、水位骤降工况和地震工况下的稳定情况,根据滑坡的失稳情况,在综合考虑的基础上,提出了削坡减载和地表排水相结合的治理措施,计算结果表明,治理措施是可行的,研究结果对设计和施工具有较大的参考价值.     

Heterostructure in ZnO Nano-Tetrapods

1 Introduction 　　Nanoscale science and technology have attracted greatattention since the novel properties become dominant for well-known materials as their sizes reduced to some critical dimension. These properties frequently originate in lattice distortions, structure transformations etc[1]. The variations of size and structure ofnanocrystals lead to the change of their electronic structures. Very recently, nanoscale materials with different electronic structures were utilized in fabricating nanoscale junctions[2]. 　　……     

育种目标性状间的同一关系分析方法研究

借助集对分析理论,提出了一种新的育种目标性状间的关系分析方法,阐明了其基本原理与分析步骤,并结合小麦育种实例,介绍了这种分析方法的具体应用。在此基础上,讨论了这种分析方法的优越性及尚待改进之处。表3,参9。     

DETERMINATION OF KRAFT LIGNIN CONCENTRATIONS BY FTIR

A fast and accurate method based on FTIR is developed for determining the lignin content and its characteristic bands in alkali solutions. The work consisted of two main parts: 1) establishing a predictive model and 2) determination of the accuracy of the model. The model was derived by applying the partial least squares algorithm for multivariate analyses to a set of spectrum data obtained from selected IR absorption regions in the range of 1600 - 900 cm-1. The model was tested with spent liquors obtained from commercial pulp mills.The accuracy of the predictive model is extremely high suitable for commercial applications,particularly for monitoring the dynamic response of modern kraft pulping processes.     

选择性催化氧化H2S的催化剂研究

在考察了几种单组分氧化物把硫化氢催化氧化为单质硫的基础上，采用共沉淀法合成了3种复合氧化物催化剂A，B，C，并考察了它们的催化活性和选择性．结果表明，在一定条件下，催化剂B的转化率和选择性分别在90％和97％以上，在40h的催化性能稳定性测试中，其转化率和选择性均能保持稳定，具有良好的催化性能．