Functional Materials for Catalytic and Magnetic Applications

1 Introduction Metal, metal oxide and metal compound nanoparticles (NPs) received considerable attention due to their unique properties: catalytic, magnetic, optical, electronic, etc. We believe that for different applications, there are preferable morphologies of NP-stabilizing medium composites. For example, small (1-3 nm) nanoparticles formed in micro/mesoporous hypercrosslinked polystyrene demonstrate excellent catalytic properties in various hydrogenation and oxidation reactions due to high surface...     

何去何从——也谈文学艺术终结论

有关文学是否会终结于电信化时代的话题目前成为文艺理论界争论的热点,“文学终结论”者立论的依据(“媒介决定论”)是值得商榷的。电子信息时代在整个人类发展史上具有革命性的意义,包括文学在内的许多事物都正处于转型与重塑的过程中。文学的涵义是发展的、开放的、复杂的,我们不能用一成不变的观念去框定当下这种多元的文学现状。目前理论界正在探讨的其实已经不是文学是否会终结的问题,而是文学转型的问题。     

^226Ra evidence for the ecosystem shift over the past 40 years in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Surface seawater was collected for ~(226)Ra measurement in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre from July to October, 1999 and October to December, 2003. Combined with the historical data reported for this sea area, a declined trend of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations was observed since 1960s, indicating the ecosystem shift in response to global warming. On one side, the enhanced stratification of the upper water column resulting from global warming reduced the ~(226)Ra input from the depth, on the other, the temporal increase of biological production resulting from the climate-related ecosystem structure change strengthened the ~(226)Ra removal from the surface ocean. Both the physical and biological processes resulted in the decrease of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The temporal trend of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations was consistent with the trends of chlorophyll a, silicate, phosphate and primary production previously reported. This study provided ~(226)Ra evidence for the ecosystem shift under global change.     

添加铬合金化和复合变质处理对白口铸铁组织性能的影响

在熔炼过程中通过对熔体进行复合变质处理,制备普通白口铸铁和含铬白口铸铁试样及其在相同铸造条件下的变质试样;对试样进行金相显微组织观察、碳化物定量分析和宏观硬度测量,研究添加铬合金化和复合变质处理对普通白口铸铁碳化物类型、形态、分布和性能的影响。研究结果表明,铸铁铬含量较低时,碳化物类型为(Fe,Cr)3C或(Fe,Cr)3C (Cr,Fe)7C3,呈粗大网状结构;经复合变质处理后,碳化物变得孤立、分散,网状结构被消除;随着铬含量增加,碳化物全部转变为(Cr,Fe)7C3,共晶团中碳化物呈菊花状分布,并在共晶团心部附近出现近似六方形的块状(Cr,Fe)7C3碳化物;经复合变质处理后,共晶碳化物变的细小分散、分布均匀,菊花状形态消失,但六方形(Cr,Fe)7C3碳化物仍然存在;白口铸铁经复合变质处理后,其洛氏(HRC)硬度比变质前有明显提高。     

Phylogenetic position of sponges in early metazoan evolution and bionic applications of siliceous sponge spicules

Sponges are the oldest and the simplest but not primitive multicellular animals. They represent the earliest evolutionary metazoan phylum still extant. It was a long and painful scientific process to posi-tion the most enigmatic and mysterious metazoan,the Porifera,into their correct phylogenetic place among the eukaryotes in general and multicellular animals in particular. As living fossils,sponges provide the best evidence for the early evolution of Metazoa. More recently,interest has been focused on the bionic applications of sponges' siliceous spicules,after the discovery of their unique structure and high fiber performance. In this review,the emergence of sponges,evolutionary novelties found in sponges,and the phylogenetic position of sponges in early metazoan evolution are highlighted. In ad-dition,the present state of knowledge on silicatein-mediated "biosilica" formation in marine sponges,including the involvement of other molecules in silica metabolism and their potential application in nanobiotechnology and medicine,is given.     

试论节奏与排球运动

文章根据节奏现象,及排球运动在竞赛中的节奏性规律的体现。就排球的整体节奏、个体节奏、有效节奏、节奏在比赛所运用等,做了全面论述,论证了节奏在排球运动中的作用,及方法、手段。     

图的完全着色与消色数

在一个给定图中,研究消色数的大小自然是一个问题,但对于一般图而言,确定它们的消色数是非常困难的,这已被Yanaakis and Garri证明.文章刻画了完全κ-部图中消色的数为1,2和3的图并且确定了路图的消色数和极大外可平面图消色数的下界.