北京地区有机氯农药的跨界面迁移与归趋

以北京地区为研究区域，利用三级逸度模型方法，建立了有机氯农药在北京多介质环境中迁移、转化和归趋的稳态非平衡模型．对六六六(HCHs)各异构体的计算浓度与实测浓度进行了验证，两者残差大部分小于0．7个对数单位，仅气相和鱼相浓度接近或略超过1个对数单位．计算结果表明，在持续用药期间，HCHs的主要来源是农业施用(134t／，a)和气平流输入(623t／a)，约占总输入量的92％；最主要的界面迁移通量依次为：气-土沉降(80t／a，68．6％)、土-水迁移(16t／a，13．8％)和土-气扩散(11t／a，9．6％)等；而土壤中的降解(133t／a，79．7％)和气平流输出(600t／a，17．6％)则是HCHs从研究区域消失的最主要途径；土壤中HCHs储量(245t)占总储量(253t)的97％，而气、水和沉积相中仅占0．32％、0．52％和1．9％．作为人类主要食物也是最直接暴露途径的农作物和鱼体内，分别含有HCHs 360kg和13kg，生物相储量占总储量的0．6％左右。     

RNA interference-mediated inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus replication

Persistent and recurrent infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) represents one of the most common and severe viral infections of humans, and has caused a formidable health problem in the affected countries. Currently used antiviral drugs have a very limited success on controlling HBV replication and infection. RNA interference (RNAi), a process by which double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) directs sequence-specific degradation of target mRNA in mammalian and plant cells, has recently been used to knockdown gene expression in various species. In this study, we sought to determine whether RNAi-mediated silencing of HBV viral gene expression could lead to the effective inhibition of HBV replication. We first developed RNAi vectors that expressed small interfering RNA (siRNA) and targeted the HBV core or surface gene sequence. Our results demonstrated that these specific siRNAs efficiently reduced the levels of corresponding viral RNAs and proteins, and thus suppressed viral replication. Treatment with siRNA gave the greatest reduction in the levels of HBsAg (92%) and in HBeAg (85%) respectively in the cultured cell medium. Our findings further demonstrated that the RNAi-mediated antiviral effect was sequence-specific and dose-dependent. Therefore, our findings strongly suggest that RNAi-mediated silencing of HBV viral genes could effectively inhibit the replication of HBV, hence RNAi-based strategy should be further explored as a more efficacious antiviral therapy of HBV infection.     

有向加权供应链网络演化模型

利用BBV加权网络的演化机制和BA模型的线性择优连接机制,新节点进入网络时的入边和出边服从二项分布,建立了子网络具有流量补偿的有向加权供应链网络模型。利用泊松过程理论分析了网络的出入强度分布,结果表明,有向加权供应链网络的稳态平均入强度分布和稳态平均出强度分布服从幂律指数在[1,3]之间的幂律分布。对有向加权供应链网络模型进行仿真研究,仿真结果与理论预测相一致,符合供应链网络的幂律特性。     

数字人文背景下古籍资源数字化的意义探讨

数字人文是当代信息技术与人文领域融合衍生出的新兴领域,其为古籍资源的整理与研究带来了新的发展机遇。本文从数字人文的兴起与发展出发,分析数字人文对古籍研究领域产生的影响,探讨古籍资源数字化的意义。     

基于ICA变量分组的集成软测量方法研究

提出了一种基于独立主成分分析（independent component analysis,ICA）变量分组和集成学习的软测量建模方法.该方法首先运用ICA对输入过程变量进行分组,建立多个变量组子空间.然后在各变量组子空间内提取子样本集,降低变量和变量组之间的耦合性,并基于核偏最小二乘法（KPLS）建立预测子模型.最后,采用贝叶斯方法对子模型的输出进行集成,给出最终预测结果.运用该方法对工业橡胶密炼过程的数据进行了预测,并与其它软测量方法的结果进行比较分析,实验结果表明,本文提出的方法具有更好的预测性能.      

超药典剂量使用中药的探讨

中药的剂量是影响中医疗效的重要因素。近年来,由于中药质量下降、恶性肿瘤等复杂疾病发病率呈上升趋势等原因,临床上很多中药的用量超过了药典规定的最大剂量,如仙鹤草、黄芪就是医院临床上超量现象最严重的两味中药。通过研究证实,由于我国药典中剂量阈值偏小,根据临床治疗的需要,超药典剂量使用中药是合理的。     

基于突变理论的员工主动离职行为定性模拟——以中国经济转型期的“离职潮”为例

刘易斯拐点的到来导致中国劳动力成本大幅上升,这使得如何避免员工主动离职成为保证企业人力资源稳定的核心问题。针对离职行为这一复杂系统,从实证研究与突变理论相结合的全新视角,构建了员工主动离职的突变概念模型。在此基础上引入定性模拟算法,提出了突变函数在离职行为研究中的参数估计方法,并通过长三角地区某企业的实际案例验证了该方法的合理性及鲁棒性。最后,根据经济转型期的"离职潮",对员工主动离职的定性-定量混合突变模型进行虚拟实验分析。实验结果从精确测定员工离职的预警区、临界区和突变区及复杂经济环境与员工离职的关系,以及企业微观层面和政府宏观层面的控制策略等方面,为员工主动离职问题提供了决策支持。     

难以摆脱的殖民心态——从后殖民主义批评视角解读《饥饿的路》

对于曾经沦为殖民地的国家和民族来说,殖民统治造成的创伤始终无法愈合.殖民主义的影响并没有随着殖民统治的结束而消失殆尽,而是悄然渗透于新独立国家的各个方面.本·奥克瑞的《饥饿的路》通过主人公阿扎罗的视角从多个侧面揭示殖民主义对尼日利亚人造成的伤害.长期的殖民主义思想以不同形式悄无声息地麻痹着人们的神经,致使古老的尼日利亚人臣服于殖民统治,产生难以摆脱的殖民心态.     

碱激发矿粉-膨润土竖向阻隔屏障在某风险阻控工程中的应用

以某在产农药厂污染场地风险阻控工程为依托,通过三级搅拌工艺制备屏障材料,并利用高压旋喷注浆法和深层搅拌法施工工艺建造周长659m、深度25m的活性氧化镁激发矿粉-膨润土系竖向阻隔屏障(MSB),实现了MSB材料在国内的工程应用.对施工后屏障进行取样,采用芯样表观特征分析、室内无侧限抗压强度和刚性壁渗透试验分析2种施工工艺、屏障深度和工后时间对屏障无侧限抗压强度qu和渗透系数k的影响.结果表明:2种施工工艺均实现了材料沿深度的均匀搅拌,屏障完整性较好;工后40～70d,qu可达1.6-2.6MPa,qu随工后时间增加呈增长趋势;自来水渗透作用下屏障k为4.5×10-8～9.0×10-8cm/s,k随深度变化不明显.     

An improved LP model for energy optimization of the integrated iron and steel plant with a cogeneration system in China

In an integrated iron and steel plant with a cogeneration system, recycled energy is continuously transported into the cogeneration system and the electricity is continuously generated, and both of them could not be stored for a long time. Moreover, the generation and consumption of electricity is irregular, which may bring about more unexpected imbalances. Therefore, it is a crucial issue to schedule the entire energy system by optimizing the operation of energy utilization, which includes the raw energy in the production system, the generation electricity in the cogeneration system and the recycled energy in these two systems. In this paper, an improved Linear Programming model for energy optimization in the integrated iron and steel plant with a cogeneration system is established. The improved model focuses on controlling the whole energy flow and scheduling the whole energy consumption in the entire energy system between the production system and cogeneration system through optimizing all kinds of energy distribution and utilization in an integrated iron and steel plant with a cogeneration system. Case study shows that the improved model offers the optimal operation conditions at the higher energy utilization, lower energy cost and lower pollution emissions.