平菇的代数栽培与醋糟的利用

以槽糟为原料进行了平菇栽培试验，筛选出合适的平菇菌种并对菌糖成份作了初步分析，结果表明，利用醋糟代替棉籽壳栽培平菇并进行深层次的利用是可行的，其适宜的平菇菌种Ｆ３。ＰＬ－３１，Ｒ－３７８，相应的生物不效率为９１．６％，８８．６％，７６．６％，菌糖中含粗蛋白、灰分、磷、钙等有效成份。     

经济角

用菌糠栽培EC05鸡腿菇鸡腿菇EC05，是一种色、香、味、形俱佳，适于国内周年栽培的特大高产型食用菌新品种。其菇体如大火鸡腿，洁白粗壮，肥嫩清香，味道鲜美胜过草菇，营养丰富胜过蘑菇和平菇，栽培产量与平菇相当，且比平菇易栽易收，售价比平菇高1倍多。出菇温度8～32℃。除可用常规原料周年栽培外，还可以用栽培过平菇、杏鲍菇等多种食用菌的菌糠（又称食用菌下脚料）进行栽培。现将高产栽培技术介绍如下：1.菌种生产。母种、原种、栽培种选择全营养高氮型菌种通用培养基的配方一次性制备。母种培养基用18mm×180mm的玻璃试管盛装；…     

固态发酵酿造糟渣制备菌体蛋白饲料

用木霉、扣囊拟内孢霉和丝孢酵母固态发酵酱油渣、醋糟制备菌体蛋白饲料，培养料配比为酱油渣６０％，醋糟２０％，麦麸１０％，玉米面１０％，无机营养盐适量。经１２１℃，３０ｍｉｎ或１００℃，６０ｍｉｎ灭菌后，以１０％接种等量混合的固体菌种开放培养４２ｈ后，物料收率８２％左右，蛋白含量２４．６％，粗纤维含量２２．３％，每克干料中的生物量为３．５×１０９。     

利用小麦秸杆栽培平菇技术的研究

报导了用小麦秸杆栽培平菇不需粉碎、发酵，用新研制的浸泡液浸泡２４小时后直接装饰袋接种，结果表明：该方法与粉碎发酵法比较成本降低４０％，生物学效率高达１１７．１％，菌糠还可做饲料。     

糠醛废渣栽培平菇添加剂的改进

笔者对利用糠醛废渣生料栽培平菇进行了研究,结果表明:利用糠醛废渣生料载培平菇,是变废为宝,变害为利,保护环境,发家致富的一条有效途径。为了使经济效益更高,我们对平菇栽培中的添加剂又进行了研究,即用高粱糠代替原配方中的麸皮,取得了满意的效果,现报告如下:1 实验材料与方法1.1 供试菌种中蔬十号,由山西省小麦研究所提供。1.2 改进的培养料配方     

平菇优良菌种（株）筛选

本文就４８株平菇菌种进行了栽培试验，综合产量、品质、抗逆性等栽培性状筛选出适于我省生产栽培用高、中、低温菌种８株即低温型平菇Ｃ１１、Ｃ３０、Ｃ４２、Ｃ４８，中温型平菇Ｃ１６，Ｃ３８，高温型平菇Ｃ２５．经大面积推广使用获得了较好的经济效益和社会效益．     

紫茎泽兰对平菇产量及主要营养成份含量影响的研究

以含不同比例紫茎泽兰草粉的栽培料栽培平菇,根据出菇子实体生物转化率、营养品质以及对平菇栽培上常见污染菌的抑制作用考察利用紫茎泽兰栽培平菇的效果．研究结果显示,含30%紫茎泽兰草粉的栽培料栽培平菇的转化率与普通栽培料栽培无显著差异;平菇中氨基酸、粗蛋白和总糖含量分别比普通栽培料出菇的平菇提高了23.13%、25.92%和38.82%;栽培料中添加30％以上的紫茎泽兰,能明显抑制平菇栽培中常见污染菌如粗糙脉孢霉和大毛霉的生长．     

平菇栽培技术改革研究

从四个方面研究平菇栽培技术，即菌料的研究，菌料尽量利用当地资源下床料、啤酒糟、稻草等；接种技术研究，采用接种钉开放式的接种；管理技术的研究，主要是在菌袋上采用人工补水，人工补营养，喷施菌活剂，促进菇现蕾等管理技术；菌种选育，采用自选自育。     

平菇栽培技术改革研究

从四个方面研究平菇栽培技术，即菌料的研究，菌料尽量利用当地资源下床料、啤酒糟、稻草等；接种技术研究，采用接种钉开放式的接种；管理技术的研究，主要是在菌袋上采用人工补水，人工补营养，喷施菌活剂，促进菇现蕾等管理技术；菌种选育，采用自选自育。     

糠偶酰的合成

以糠醛为原料，VB1为催化剂，采用安息香缩合反应合成糠偶姻，并利用硫酸铜-吡啶氧化其为糠偶酰．给出较好的实验条件，使合成糠偶酰的产率从37％提高到90％．利用元素分析、GC－Mass联用、IR和UV谱等手段，对所合成的糠偶姻及糠偶酰进行分析表征.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.