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1.
好氧MBBR连续流和间歇流的挂膜试验研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
采用合适的挂膜方法能够加速好氧移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)的启动,并能使其稳定运行.通过不同填充率下静态清水试验,观察了相应曝气强度下移动床生物膜反应器中填料流化状态,测定其充氧性能,且通过试验对连续流和间歇流两种挂膜方法进行了比较,对两种挂膜方法下填料上的生物膜厚度和生物相及填料对有机物和氨氮等指标的去除情况进行了测定和分析.结果表明,反应器的最佳填充率为50%;间歇式进水的挂膜方法可以加快好氧移动床生物膜反应器的启动,一个月左右COD去除率能达到将近60%,氨氮去除率在90%左右,生物膜厚度大多在100~150μm,显微镜下观测到的生物相已比较丰富,出现了钟虫、吸管虫类原生动物,启动时间明显少于采用连续式进水的挂膜方法;连续式进水的试验条件下得出培养生物膜的最佳水力停留时间(HRT)在5 h左右.  相似文献   

2.
利用自主设计的一套新型生物膜反应器处理传统村落生活污水,采用人工投加活性污泥的挂膜方法对反应器进行挂膜启动,研究了COD负荷、C/N比以及回流比对反应器运行效果的影响.实验结果显示:投加活性污泥的挂膜方式能够在较短的时期内挂膜成功,且挂膜过程中生物膜外观以及微生物相变化都较为明显;挂膜成功后,COD和NH_4~+-N的去除率达到85%以上;在运行过程中,该生物膜反应器的运行效率受COD负荷、C/N比和回流比的影响较大,在COD负荷为0.25 kg/(m~2·d)、C/N比为10.2、回流比为9.17时,反应器的COD和NH_4~+-N去除率最高,分别达到91.46%和88.65%.  相似文献   

3.
从若干菌群中选育分离出高效降解屠宰废水的优势菌种,将低温保存的优势菌种活化与流化床内的载体混合,在启动过程中逐步提高进口浓度、水力停留时间、空气流量来完成流化床载体接种优势菌种形成生物膜。结果表明:表观气速不超过1.08 cm/s、水力时间不超过4 h有利于活性炭挂膜;启动成功后,有机容积负荷达6.34 kg COD/(m3·d),COD去除率保持在85%以上。  相似文献   

4.
研究以陶粒粒子为载体,采用快速排泥挂膜法,在内循环三相流化床反应器运行过程中逐渐加大进水量和进水浓度,使微生物适应高氨氮废水环境;研究了水力停留时间、NH4+-N浓度负荷冲击对NH4+-N去除率的影响.结果表明:内循环三相流化床可用于处理高NH4+-N废水;底物浓度越高水力停留时间越长;内循环三相流化床具有较好的抗负荷冲击能力,有利于解决实际废水水质不稳定难以达标排放的困难.  相似文献   

5.
进水容积负荷对胞外聚合物的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了提高污水处理的效率,利用序批式活性污泥工艺考察进水容积负荷对胞外聚合物(EPS)的影响.采用Jasco FP-6500三维荧光光度计对EPS进行了荧光分析.结果表明,在进水容积负荷为8.63kg COD/(m3·d)时,EPS质量浓度为75~80mg/L,通过三维荧光光谱分析得到两条独立清晰的类蛋白荧光吸收峰.当进水容积负荷为18.5kg COD/(m3 ·d)时,EPS质量浓度为(89.52+0.46)mg/L,蛋白质质量浓度为26.45~28.9mg/L,多糖质量浓度为(9.38±0.35)mg/L,荧光峰强度显著增加.高容积负荷导致EPS质量浓度增加,组分未发生变化.当进水容积负荷为3.73kg COD/(m3·d)时,EPS质量浓度为(69.8±1)mg/L,蛋白质质量浓度为22.02~29.05mg/L,多糖质量浓度为(5.34±0.6)mg/L,荧光峰强度减弱.低进水容积负荷导致EPS质量浓度较低.  相似文献   

6.
介绍了一种用沼气强制循环使悬浮载体颗粒流化的反应器--降流式厌氧紊动床.在COD有机负荷为6~22?kg/m3*d-1、水力停留时间为0.25~0.94?d下,CODCr去除率保持在65%~85%.此时生物膜厚度相对较低(5~30?μm),而生物膜密度达到较高水平(VSS>70?g/L).试验发现,生物膜厚度及密度的变化与COD去除呈相反变化.反应器里高水平的生物活性表明剧烈紊动和剪切有利于微生物生长并形成薄的、致密的活性膜;在高有机负荷下挥发性固体的脱落程度随着COD去除率和反应器里固体总量的水平下降而近似线性增加.  相似文献   

7.
内循环UASB处理高浓度丙烯酸废水   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)工艺处理高浓度丙烯酸废水的可行性.试验过程中在pH、温度正常稳定基础上,以不同方式提高反应器的容积负荷,直至最大值.结果表明:UASB反应器处理高浓度丙烯酸能承受的最大负荷为13.1~13.5 kg/(m3·d).在容积负荷13.1 kg/(m3·d)、进水化学需氧量(COD)为15.234g/L下反应器可稳定运行,对COD的去除效果良好,挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)为3.5 mmol/L,出水COD为0.614 mg/L,COD去除率达87.9%.  相似文献   

8.
采用载体吸附法的固定化方式培养了高活性的厌氧生物膜颗粒,并研究了反应器的启动运行、工艺特性及污泥特性等规律,探索用生物膜颗粒取代厌氧颗粒污泥的可行性,以缓解国内颗粒污泥供应不足的问题.实验装置采用厌氧附着膜膨胀床,投加人工配水,裸载体为陶粒(湿视密度1310kg·m-3,平均粒径0.32mm).实验分初次启动、二次启动及稳定运行两个阶段进行,反应器仅需24 d就可完成启动,COD容积负荷最高达到18kg·m-3·d-1,相应的COD去除率在70%~80%之间.  相似文献   

9.
在常温条件下,以模拟苯酚污水为处理对象,采用试验的方法,研究内循环活性污泥生物膜法去除苯酚的效果、容积负荷以及生物活性,并分析了该工艺的处理效能优势.结果表明,在75 d的运行过程中,污泥质量浓度保持在5 000 mg·L-1左右条件下,反应器苯酚的容积负荷达到1 8 kg酚·m-3·d-1,此时对应的COD容积负荷为4.7 kg COD·m-3·d-1;并且在反应器的整个运行过程中苯酚去除率始终保持在97%以上;另外,根据TTC法检测活性污泥脱氢酶活性的结果得出污泥活性对反应器的处理效能有直接影响.  相似文献   

10.
比较了膜生物反应器(MBR)和传统活性污泥工艺(CAS)在相同运行条件下处理生活污水的抗冲击性能.结果表明:MBR系统出水、上清液以及CAS出水COD浓度均随进水COD容积负荷增加而线性递增,但递增的速率前者仅分别为后两者的42.1%和37.1%;MBR的COD容积负荷是CAS的3倍;进水NH3-N容积负荷、温度和pH值冲击对MBR出水水质影响不大,但低温会加速膜污染进程.MBR抗污染物负荷、pH值、温度的冲击能力显著优于CAS工艺.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

14.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

15.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

16.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

17.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

18.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

19.
AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…  相似文献   

20.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

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