变压吸附法净化含N2气体中微量CO的脱附过程

对N2/CO混合气中的CO在NA型吸附剂上的动态吸附和脱附行为进行研究.使用单塔吸附装置测定CO在不同分压和停留时间条件下的动态吸附量,考察降压过程中CO浓度随床层压力的变化特征,确定合适的脱附方法和条件.结果表明:0.9 min是比较合适的停留时间;在床层利用率为80%条件下,顺放的气体可以达到产品气体积分数不超过5 mL/m3的要求;抽真空并使用200 mL/min N2吹扫是合适的脱附再生方式.三塔的变压吸附结果表明,在常温下,反复吸附与脱附再生,可以达到吸附净化含N2气体中微量CO的效果.     

氰乙酸乙酯脱酸精制固体碱吸附剂的工业放大试验研究

采用混捏法制备出MgO/γ-Al2O3固体碱吸附剂,测定了固体碱的脱酸效率、酸容量、吸附热及抗流失性能.通过固定床考察了固体碱吸附剂对氰乙酸乙酯样品的吸附脱酸效果,并对固体碱吸附剂的工业放大性能进行了考察.试验结果表明,当原料氰乙酸乙酯酸值为58×10 -6、控制吸附脱酸后的酸值小于10×10-6时,实验室制备样品的脱酸能力达到240∶1(体积比);工业放大制备的MgO/γ-Al2O3固体碱,当进料酸值为60×10 -6 ～80×10 -6,精制后酸值不超过20×10 -6时,固体碱吸附剂脱酸能力为173∶1(质量比).氰乙酸乙酯润湿固体碱过程平均热效应为61.91 J ·g-2(催化剂);所制备固体碱吸附剂活性组分具有良好的抗冲刷性能,吸附精制后残留在氰乙酸乙酯样品中的金属镁质量分数低于2.0×10 -6.     

氰乙酸乙酯脱酸精制固体碱吸附剂的工业放大试验研究

采用混捏法制备出MgO/γ-Al2O3固体碱吸附剂,测定了固体碱的脱酸效率、酸容量、吸附热及抗流失性能.通过固定床考察了固体碱吸附剂对氰乙酸乙酯样品的吸附脱酸效果,并对固体碱吸附剂的工业放大性能进行了考察.试验结果表明,当原料氰乙酸乙酯酸值为58×10 -6、控制吸附脱酸后的酸值小于10×10-6时,实验室制备样品的脱酸能力达到240∶1(体积比);工业放大制备的MgO/γ-Al2O3固体碱,当进料酸值为60×10 -6 ～80×10 -6,精制后酸值不超过20×10 -6时,固体碱吸附剂脱酸能力为173∶1(质量比).氰乙酸乙酯润湿固体碱过程平均热效应为61.91 J ·g-2(催化剂);所制备固体碱吸附剂活性组分具有良好的抗冲刷性能,吸附精制后残留在氰乙酸乙酯样品中的金属镁质量分数低于2.0×10 -6.     

活性炭模块的制备及其对苯的吸附性能研究

以胶黏剂和颗粒活性炭为原料,制备了活性炭模块并测试了该模块的床层阻力、强度及对苯蒸气的动态吸附性能,考察了胶黏剂添加量和添加增稠剂对上述性能的影响。结果表明该活性炭模块的优化制备条件为热处理温度95℃,热处理时间5h,胶黏剂添加量10%以及充分冲洗掉增稠剂。在该制备条件下,模块成型的活性炭对苯蒸气的动态饱和吸附量可达106.39mg/cm³,吸附速率为920.43min^-1,与成型前相比吸附性能下降小于10%;床层阻力小于颗粒装填床层,抗压强度大于0.12MPa/cm²。     

可伐合金材料放气与微小容器的真空保持

为了研究材料放气对微小容器(容积为10-5m3)真空保持的影响,组建了一套静态升压法测试系统.以经过表面钝化处理的可伐合金为研究对象,测试得到了在特定条件下的放气规律:可伐合金材料经过150℃低温烘烤2h后单位面积表面的放气速率为5.1×10-13～2.1×10-13Pa.m3.s-1.cm-2(1～10h之间),前40h的放气总量约为2.6×10-8Pa.m3.cm-2;四极质谱仪分析显示,放气成分主要是H2,H2O,N2或CO.建立数学模型描述了材料表面放气对容器内部真空度的影响,进而推算出容器内部真空度的变化规律.找出影响微小容器正常工作性能与寿命的关键因素,并提出了改进措施.     

生物滴滤法净化印刷废气研究

针对印刷废气浓度低、间歇释放等特点,本试验采用生物滴滤器示范装置(φ300×H 2000mm)在实验室进行净化模拟试验,并将其应用于印刷厂现场.示范装置在实验室连续运行中性能稳定,通过考察工作日连续运行和周末停运两种工况下的恢复性能,建立了工作日白天运行、夜间停运的工况运行模式,双休日或节假日白天开启养护系统10h的运行模式.现场运行48d试验表明:气量范围10～15m·h-1、TVOC入口浓度450～1000mg·m-3,TVOC平均去除率保持在80%以上,其中甲苯去除效率在95%以上.本示范装置的成功运行,为我国处理工业低浓度有机废气提供了一项有效的实用新技术.     

曝气生物滴滤器净化油烟废气的试验研究

为探索生物法净化油烟废气的可行性 ,自行设计了曝气生物滴滤器实验装置 ,用油烟气冷凝液为碳源驯化而得的微生物菌种挂膜 ,进行了净化油烟废气实验 .实验结果表明 :用城市污水处理厂氧化沟污泥接种并经油烟气冷凝液驯化培养的假单胞菌群对油脂有良好的降解性 ;用该菌液挂膜的曝气生物滴滤器试验装置对油烟废气有较好的净化效果 ,当入口气体温度在 5 0～ 70℃之间、入口气体含油质量浓度小于 33mg/L时 ,净化效率可维持在 80 %以上 ;液泛操作气体流量为 0 .4m3 /h左右 ;循环液体量应根据烟气温度来控制     

低渗储层多级变流度增油降水技术研究与应用——以鄂尔多斯盆地东部三叠系长6段储层为例

针对低渗储层水驱开发中易窜进、优势大孔道调剖堵水困难的问题,开展了多级变流度的实验研究,以控制不同渗流空间注入水的流度与提高水在微小孔喉中的流度和驱替效率。以鄂尔多斯盆地东部三叠系长6段某储层为例,基于对储层不同渗流空间的分级,进行单块岩心实验和组合变流度实验来评价水驱效率。结果表明:该储层可分为裂缝、中大孔和微小孔三类渗流空间,且不同渗流空间的水驱流度级差极大,裂缝是主要窜流通道,中大孔是次要渗流通道,微小孔是主要储集空间;单块岩心变流度实验中,水驱流度可调整到(0. 01～0. 10)×10~(-3)μm~2/(m Pa·s);组合实验中水驱流度调整到(0. 01～0. 10)×10~(-3)μm~2/(m Pa·s),水驱效率平均提高了26. 9%;矿场试验取得了很好的增油降水效果,井组内6口生产井降水最高达34. 0%,井组平均日增油1. 22 t。     

新型燃煤锅炉烟气湿式除尘脱硫技术研究

针对燃煤锅炉烟气净化问题,利用改性文丘里净化洗涤机理,研究了一种湿式洗涤和旋风分离相结合的除尘脱硫装置.阐述了该装置的结构形式、基本工作原理和运行中应注意的问题.工业应用表明：该装置除尘效率大于97%,脱硫效率达到75%,设备阻力小于1 200 Pa.     

干燥条件对溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2超滤膜的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法在管式多孔陶瓷支撑体上制备TiO2超滤膜,对不同干燥条件下制得的膜层的渗透性能、截留性能进行考察.结果表明,当干燥温度为75和85 ℃,相对湿度75%时,可以防止因干燥速率过慢产生的溶胶团聚,还可避免凝胶层中过高的含水量对烧结过程产生的不利影响,从而制得无缺陷的TiO2超滤膜.干燥温度为75 ℃、相对湿度75%时,纯水通量为2.74×10-10 m3/(m2·s·Pa)左右,对聚乙二醇的截留相对分子质量约为15 700.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the